军事教学中训练损伤的调查与研究

训练损伤在军事教学训练中较为常见,不仅给学员造成了生理上的痛苦和心理上的负担,也影响了学员的正常学习和生活,甚至严重地影响了院校的正常教学与训练。采取问卷调查、查阅文献资料和现地考察的方法,详细分析了军事教学中训练损伤产生的原因,并提出可行的预防措施和建议,以达到减少训练损伤发生的目的。     

基于信息损失最小的预警卫星传感器调度模型

科学合理地调度预警卫星传感器资源是提高弹道导弹预警作战效能的重要手段.在预警卫星传感器资源(主要是凝视探测器)有限而进攻弹道导弹目标数量较多时,利用最小信息损失准则,将传感器调度问题转化为最优访问路径问题进行建模研究,满足了导弹预警资源调度的需要,仿真结果验证了模型的可靠性和可用性.     

超低轨道卫星摄动特性分析及轨道维持方法

针对超低轨道卫星长时间在轨飞行的轨道维持问题,分析了超低轨道平均偏心率矢量变化特性,提出了一种超低轨道维持的控制方法。分析了J2、J3摄动以及大气阻力摄动作用下超低轨道卫星偏心率矢量的变化特性;基于能量守恒原理设计了超低轨道高度维持的控制策略;通过仿真算例验证了控制策略的有效性。结果表明:在地球非球形引力摄动、大气阻力摄动和速度脉冲作用下超低轨道平均偏心率的变化是稳定的,所设计的轨道维持方法不仅能够实现超低轨道高度维持,确保平均偏心率矢量收敛至平衡位置,且用于轨道维持的燃料消耗合理,能够满足长时间的超低轨道飞行要求。     

地基伪卫星导航系统的伪距精度估计方法

地基伪卫星导航系统的伪距和伪距变率精度对评估系统的导航性能或其信息与其他系统导航信息的融合意义重大。目前的伪距和伪距变率精度估计方法基本上都是针对卫星导航系统的,并且没有充分考虑地基伪卫星导航系统自身的特点。通过构造伪距和伪距变率精度观测量,利用地基伪卫星导航系统可产生较差定位构型的特点,提出了一种在外测系统定位定速精度较差且存在杆臂长度的情况下仍然能够获取准确估计量的伪距和伪距精度估计方法。仿真结果表明所提方法可有效地估计出伪距和伪距变率的精度而且具有较强的适用性。     

导弹预警卫星探测效能评估

导弹预警卫星是导弹防御体系的重要组成部分,正确评估其探测效能对于提升导弹防御体系作战能力具有重要作用。分析并建立了一套多层次导弹预警卫星探测效能指标体系,基于层次分析法确定了各指标要素的权重,并提出了一种导弹预警卫星探测效能评估模型。通过对美国导弹预警卫星探测效能的评估,验证了所建模型的有效性。     

BDS/GPS双模自适应抗干扰接收机关键技术研究与设计

针对现代导航战对卫星导航接收机干扰对抗能力的要求,研究了BDS/GPS双模自适应抗干扰接收机的关键技术。在分析传统空时零陷技术的基础上,引入基于数字波束形成的自适应抗干扰技术,并使用惯性模块和历书进行卫星信号初始来波方向估计,显著增强了接收机的抗干扰能力。同时,提出了BDS/GPS双模多阵元天线耦合测量与校正技术,有效解决了双模天线设计难题。仿真测试表明:接收机使用数字波束形成技术后,总体抗干扰能力可达85dB,比单一使用空时零陷技术增加了8dB。     

基于建构文化的我军第一代营房建筑解读

从建构文化的发展历程与内涵入手,透过建构的视角审视我军第一代营房,对其在材料与技术的选择、建构表现以及建造者与建筑的关系等方面进行了分析,发现第一代营房在建设经费短缺的条件下重视建筑材料、建筑结构、构造技术等建筑本体内容,展现出建筑的朴素真实之美,并在无形中蕴含了建构的精神。这不仅反映出我军一些优良的营房建设传统,也反衬出当下营房建设的一些不良倾向。希望借助建构这一有力工具,在完成对第一代营房重新审视的同时从中获得启示,对今日方兴未艾的我军现代营房建设提供有益借鉴。     

An alliance between Cyprus and Greece: assessing its partners’ relative security contribution

The issue that this paper tackles is the assessment of the relative security benefits that Cyprus and Greece derive in the context of their cooperation on defence matters. This form of cooperation, known as the ‘Integrated Defence Space Doctrine’, aims at defending their interests in the Aegean Sea and the broader East Mediterranean theatre. The paper relies heavily on earlier research on this topic, which deals with the Greek–Cypriot alliance facing an arms race against Turkey, and uses a coefficient especially designed to assess the optimal levels of security and the associated defence expenditure of the two allies. A comparison of the relative security coefficient values for the two allies suggests that the security benefit that Greece derives thanks to its alliance with Cyprus exceeds the corresponding Cypriot benefit by far. Given the importance assigned to human resources by this index, in conjunction with the demographic problems of Greece, this conclusion justifies the recent Greek defence policy revision, emphasizing quality, capital equipment and flexibility of forces. This revision aims at satisfying the security requirements of the alliance and the increasing demands of an arms race against Turkey.     

Worldwide military spending, 1990–95

The decline in military spending that began in the mid‐1980s continued through 1995, and this decline was widespread both geographically and by level of development. Cuts in military spending appear to have potentially important implications for non‐military spending and fiscal adjustment. In contrast to findings for previous periods, military spending has declined more than proportionately in those countries that have reduced total spending. Countries with Fund programs have reduced military spending more sharply than other developing countries, largely reflecting outcomes in the transition economies. Further, military spending appears to have been less resilient in program countries than other developing countries.