A risk function for the stochastic modeling of electric capacity expansion

We present a stochastic optimization model for planning capacity expansion under capacity deterioration and demand uncertainty. The paper focuses on the electric sector, although the methodology can be used in other applications. The goals of the model are deciding which energy types must be installed, and when. Another goal is providing an initial generation plan for short periods of the planning horizon that might be adequately modified in real time assuming penalties in the operation cost. Uncertainty is modeled under the assumption that the demand is a random vector. The cost of the risk associated with decisions that may need some tuning in the future is included in the objective function. The proposed scheme to solve the nonlinear stochastic optimization model is Generalized Benders' decomposition. We also exploit the Benders' subproblem structure to solve it efficiently. Computational results for moderate‐size problems are presented along with comparison to a general‐purpose nonlinear optimization package. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48:662–683, 2001     

面对称弹丸弹道运动方程组的建立

依据外弹道学基本理论 ,针对巡航导弹模拟弹关键技术研究的理论需要 ,提出了面对称弹丸运动方程的应用需求。由于面对称弹丸有滚转 ,使其对称面与攻角平面不重合 ,其运动方程更为复杂 ,推导了面对称弹丸的弹道运动方程 ,解决了巡航导弹模拟弹的弹道精确计算问题。     

Capacitated selection problem

Optimizing the selection of resources to accomplish a set of tasks involves evaluating the tradeoffs between the cost of maintaining the resources necessary to accomplish the tasks and the penalty cost associated with unfinished tasks. We consider the case where resources are categorized into types, and limits (capacity) are imposed on the number of each type that can be selected. The objective is to minimize the sum of penalty costs and resource costs. This problem has several practical applications including production planning, new product design, menu selection and inventory management. We develop a branch‐and‐bound algorithm to find exact solutions to the problem. To generate bounds, we utilize a dual ascent procedure which exploits the special structure of the problem. Information from the dual and recovered primal solutions are used to select branching variables. We generate strong valid inequalities and use them to fix other variables at each branching step. Results of tests performed on reasonably sized problems are presented. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 19–37, 1999     

基于运动一致性的视频对象分割方法研究

视频运动对象检测和分割是图像处理中最具挑战性的问题之一。针对目前大部分分割算法相当复杂而且计算量大的问题,提出了一种基于运动一致性的视频对象分割方法。该方法从MPEG压缩码流中提取运动矢量场来分割视频对象,首先对运动矢量场进行滤波和校正,然后进行全局运动补偿得到对象的绝对运动矢量场,最后采用K-means聚类算法对运动矢量场进行聚类分析从而分割出感兴趣的视频运动对象。MPEG标准测试序列的试验结果证明,该方法是有效的。     

视频监视前景图像估计的盲源提取方法

在视频图像运动检测的背景消减方法中,场景图像或帧可建模为前景图像和背景图像的叠加或线性混合。然而,实际中图像的背景和前景往往相关,常用的主成分分析和独立分量分析等方法难以实现准确提取。为此,将视频图像的前景提取建模为盲源提取问题,提出了一种基于均方交叉预测误差的盲源提取方法,可以从相关的源视频图像中提取期望的前景图像,并将该方法扩展应用于基于基本模型和特征背景模型的背景消减方案中。基于人工和实际视频的实验验证了盲源提取背景消减方法的可行性和有效性。     

面向移动单摄像机的多目标跟踪算法

针对移动单摄像机采集的视频序列中的运动多目标,重点研究了基于目标间的相对运动信息和数据关联策略的在线多目标自动跟踪器。利用目标间相对运动模型实现目标轨迹的恢复,减少目标轨迹碎片。运用事件匹配算法改进当前帧的检测响应与过去轨迹的分配,并降低跟踪过程中的目标身份转换次数。实验结果表明:该改进算法较原算法能够对序列中目标跟踪定位得更加精确,减少了轨迹碎片和身份转换次听语音 聊科研与作者互动数,在TUD-Campus序列上达到了与国际前沿多目标跟踪算法相当的效果。     

慢刀伺服加工环曲面的刀具路径规划方法

如何规划刀具路径、进而获得高质量的数控加工代码,是应用慢刀伺服技术加工环曲面的关键技术之一。提出了基于等距面规划刀位点轨迹的刀具路径规划方法,推导了外凸环曲面的面形方程及其等距面方程,对比分析了两种导动曲线及两种数据点离散方法,优选了刀具路径规划方案,应用VB.net语言编写了慢刀伺服加工环曲面用数控代码生成软件,在Vericut平台上对数控代码进行了仿真验证,直观地展示了虚拟加工面相对理论曲面的残留区域,仿真结果验证了方法的可行性。结果表明:将外凸环曲面方程中的非一次常数项a变为a+r_d,即得到外凸环曲面的等距面方程;所提刀具路径规划方法适用于慢刀伺服加工外凸环曲面;该方法对应用慢刀伺服技术加工其他面型的光学镜面具有借鉴价值。     

Path planning for moving target tracking by fixed-wing UAV

For the automatic tracking of unknown moving targets on the ground, most of the commonly used methods involve circling above the target. With such a tracking mode, there is a moving laser spot on the target, which will bring trouble for cooperative manned helicopters. In this paper, we propose a new way of tracking, where an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) circles on one side of the tracked target. A circular path algorithm is developed for monitoring the relative position between the UAV and the target considering the real-time range and the bearing angle. This can determine the center of the new circular path if the predicted range between the UAV and the target does not meet the monitoring requirements. A transition path algorithm is presented for planning the transition path between circular paths that constrain the turning radius of the UAV. The transition path algorithm can generate waypoints that meet the flight ability. In this paper, we analyze the entire method and detail the scope of applications. We formulate an observation angle as an evaluation index. A series of simulations and evaluation index comparisons verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

深入学习贯彻习主席重要论述 全面推进军队院校军事理论研究创新发展【将军论坛】

科学的军事理论就是战斗力。在新起点上全面推进军队院校军事理论研究创新发展,必须深入学习贯彻习主席关于军事理论创新的重要论述,着力提高站位、谋篇布局、形成拳头,进一步加强标准统筹、导向统筹、力量统筹和机制统筹,努力为强军兴军实践提供科学理论支撑。     

圆锥形管道中的瞬变流分析

根据非稳定流的一维流动理论,对圆锥形管道中的瞬变流动进行了分析,推导出了适用于圆锥形管道的连续性微分方程和运动微分方程,给出了这两个方程的有限差分解法,同时对计算结果进行了相对误差的对比分析.分析结果表明,采用该文的方法来进行分析计算可以有效地减小误差.