高超声速飞行器倾侧转弯耦合控制策略

针对高超声速飞行器倾侧转弯过程中俯仰、偏航和滚动通道间的强烈耦合,提出一种耦合控制策略。针对高超声速飞行器快时变、非线性和强不确定性的控制问题,基于解析形式的非线性最优预测控制方法,采用分层设计思想设计了飞行器姿态控制系统,可较好满足高超声速飞行器的快速性要求;在分析了倾侧转弯飞行控制过程的主要影响因素及其影响规律的基础上,提出一种"降低攻角—快速滚转—拉起攻角"的耦合控制策略。对该控制策略对于高超声速飞行器的适用性进行了仿真分析,结果表明:所提耦合控制策略有效降低了偏航通道的控制需求,降低了倾侧转弯控制过程的失控风险,提高了控制系统的可靠性。     

不同时间信息条件下多目轨迹交会测量点目标运动的方法

针对多相机对点目标的运动轨迹测量,提出不同时间信息条件下的多目轨迹交会法。对点目标运动轨迹进行时间多项式参数化描述,再将多个相机观察目标的系列视线与目标的参数化运动轨迹进行交会,通过最小化物方残差,确定出目标的运动轨迹。相对于传统的多目交会测量模式,本方法不仅能够有效地提高测量精度,而且能够在多相机之间观测不同步,或者时间未对准,甚至无时间信息的情况下仍得到目标的运动轨迹参数。相对于单相机测量模式时要求相机必须运动,多目情况下不要求相机自身运动。仿真实验和真实实验验证了该方法的有效性和高精度。     

机载PD雷达宽带线性调频信号运动补偿

采用宽带线性调频信号能够显著地提高雷达的距离分辨率和抗干扰能力,然而雷达与目标间的相对运动损耗了部分目标回波相参积累能量,影响目标频率向和距离向分辨力。针对以上问题,提出了一种基于改进匹配滤波函数的运动补偿方法,补偿信号回波中的相位误差,实现宽带线性调频信号目标运动运动补偿。实验与仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性。     

穿浪双体船纵向运动模糊PID控制

针对穿浪双体船高速情况下的纵摇和垂荡运动影响乘船舒适性的问题,分析了穿浪双体船的运动规律,给出了其纵向运动控制模型,并根据控制模型的多输入多输出系统特点,分别针对纵摇和升沉两个通道设计了独立的PID控制器。在此基础上,进一步将模糊控制理论应用于PID参数的整定,给出了具体的设计方法,并根据人工经验设计了详细的参数整定规则。经仿真分析表明:模糊逻辑的引入使得PID控制器具备了自适应功能,能够取得更好的减摇效果。     

多基准站相对定位算法及先验基线向量偏差影响分析

为提高单基准站短基线相对定位解算的可靠性,研究了多基准站约束的相对定位算法。将基准站间可提前测量的先验基线信息融入观测模型中,给出了多基准站相对定位的函数模型和随机模型,在此基础上推导了模糊度精度因子的解析表达式,揭示了基准站数量的增加对模糊度浮点解精度提升的作用;从理论上分析了基准站间先验基线信息中的偏差对模糊度解算的影响,分析表明,当先验基线各分量偏差的绝对值之和小于5 cm时,模糊度解算几乎不受影响;通过仿真和实测数据进行了验证。试验结果表明,增加基准站数量不仅能有效提升模糊度解算成功率和收敛速度,并且对先验基线信息中的偏差具有较好的抑制作用,当基线各分量偏差均增加到4 cm时,实测数据模糊度解算成功率仍能达到92%以上。研究结论为特殊场景下多基准站间的快速非精确标定提供了理论依据。     

Huber加权的频率稳定度非相关差分抗差估计方法

计算原子钟频率稳定度时,钟差观测异常会导致Allan方差出现较大的估计偏差。建立Allan方差的差分估计模型,根据钟差的差分序列统计特性分析了相关差分估计的噪声识别与白化等计算复杂度问题;针对上述难点提出一种基于Huber权函数的非相关差分抗差估计方法,建立一种非相关差分序列的构造方法,有效避免了复杂的噪声识别及白化计算;给出Allan方差的非相关差分抗差估计的推导,并对抗差过程引入的误差累积给出了一种抵消方法;给出完整的抗差估计方案,并利用实测数据进行了实验验证。实验结果表明本方法对相位单点跳变、相位阶跃跳变具有显著的抗差能力,抗差估计可使异常引入的相对偏差由近200%降至10%以内。     

浅析建构武警反恐维稳学科的必要性

摘要：反恐维稳对武警部队教育训练内容提出了新的要求,学科建设必须紧紧围绕反恐维稳之需调整结构;反恐维稳对战术手段的运用提出了新的要求,学科建设必须进行反恐维稳战法创新;反恐维稳学科建设必须把新兴反恐维稳装备的研制,作为部队装备更新之本。     

The Requirements of Nuclear Stability in South Asia

While recent history arguably demonstrates a high level of nuclear stability in South Asia, this article argues that this stability has historically been a function of India's relative weakness. It argues that, as India becomes stronger, attention must be paid to the technical and political requirements of nuclear stability: the reliability of weapons and command and control and the political conditions that underpin stable relations between nuclear-armed states. It concludes by recommending the United States aim to modify the perceptions of regional elites about their various intentions and decision-making processes and the role of the United States as crisis manager.     

China's Nuclear Forces and Their Significance to India

The Indian nuclear program is a response to a perceived politico-strategic threat from China as opposed to a military-operational one that New Delhi began after perceiving an “ultimatum” from China in 1965. Consequently, India is in the process of acquiring an assured second-strike capability vis-à-vis China to meet the requirements of general deterrence. While India has always been concerned about the Sino-Pakistani nuclear/missile nexus, China has become wary of the growing military ties between the United States and India in recent years, especially because of the military implications of the US-India civil nuclear deal. Given the growing conventional military gap between the two states, India is not lowering its nuclear threshold to meet the Chinese conventional challenge. Instead, India is upgrading its conventional military strategy from dissuasion to deterrence against China. While the overall Sino-Indian nuclear relationship is stable, it will be challenged as China acquires advanced conventional weapons that blur the distinction between conventional and nuclear conflict.     

Pakistan's Evolving Nuclear Weapon Posture

This essay provides an overview of the ongoing quantitative and qualitative changes in Pakistan's nuclear arsenal and their impact on deterrence stability vis-à-vis India. Prominent among these trends is a major expansion in fissile material production that enables the manufacture of lighter and more compact warheads optimized for battlefield missions; the development of cruise missiles and shorter-range ballistic missiles possessing dual-use capabilities; and a greater emphasis in doctrinal pronouncements on the need for strike options geared to all levels of conflict. Although these trends pose problematic ramifications for the risks of unauthorized and inadvertent escalation, deterrence stability in South Asia is not as precarious as many observers fear. The challenges of fashioning a robust nuclear peace between India and Pakistan cannot be lightly dismissed, however, and policy makers would do well to undertake some reinforcing measures.