A heuristic for the two‐machine no‐wait openshop scheduling problem

In this paper the problem of minimizing makespan in a two‐machine openshop is examined. A heuristic algorithm is proposed, and its worst case performance ratio and complexity are analyzed. The average case performance is evaluated using an empirical study. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 129–145, 1999     

装备备件管理技术综述

备件管理水平的高低直接影响着装备保障能力的发挥和使用保障费用的维持,备件管理现已成为世界范围内的研究热点。通过对国内外有关备件管理文献的分析,总结了备件管理在备件分类方法、需求预测与确定、库存控制与优化3个方面的研究现状。分析结果表明：备件管理将向多因素综合考虑的备件分类方法,基于备件需求不确定性的预测技术以及基于计算机辅助技术、物流和供应链管理等方向发展。     

组合预测法在战时单兵日均物资需求预测中的应用

分析、研究、预测战时物资需求量,进而拟制相应的物资保障方案,是提高战时物资保障计划性和有效性的客观要求。利用灰色预测法和趋势预测法建立模型并进行预测,在对比分析各种物资需求预测方法的基础上,建立了基于最小二乘法加权的战时单兵日均物资需求的组合预测模型,为我军进行战时物资需求预测提供了一种可借鉴的方法。     

Simultaneous determination of production and maintenance schedules using in‐line equipment condition and yield information

In many manufacturing environments, equipment condition has a significant impact on product quality, or yield. This paper presents a semi‐Markov decision process model of a single‐stage production system with multiple products and multiple maintenance actions. The model simultaneously determines maintenance and production schedules, accounting for the fact that equipment condition affects the yield of each product differently. It extends earlier work by allowing the expected time between decision epochs to vary by both action and machine state, by allowing multiple maintenance actions, and by treating the outcome of maintenance as less than certain. Sufficient conditions are developed that ensure the monotonicity of both the optimal production and maintenance actions. While the maintenance conditions closely resemble previously studied conditions for this type of problem, the production conditions represent a significant departure from earlier results. The simultaneous solution method is compared to an approach commonly used in industry, where the maintenance and production problems are treated independently. Solving more than one thousand test problems confirms that the combination of both features of the model—accounting for product differences and solving the problems simultaneously—has a significant impact on performance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Dynamic evacuation routes for personnel on a naval ship

We propose a dynamic escape route system for emergency evacuation of a naval ship. The system employs signals that adapt to the causative contingency and the crew's physical distribution about the ship. A mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model, with underlying network structure, optimizes the evacuation process. The network's nodes represent compartments, closures (e.g., doors and hatches) and intersections, while arcs represent various types of passageways. The objective function integrates two potentially conflicting factors: average evacuation time and the watertight and airtight integrity of the ship after evacuation. A heuristic solves the model approximately using a sequence of mixed‐integer linear approximating problems. Using data for a Spanish frigate, with standard static routes specified by the ship's designers, computational tests show that the dynamic system can reduce average evacuation times, nearly 23%, and can improve a combined measure of ship integrity by up to 50%. In addition, plausible design changes to the frigate yield further, substantial improvements. Published 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2008     

Delivery‐date and capacity management in a decentralized internal market

We study competitive due‐date and capacity management between the marketing and engineering divisions within an engineer‐to‐order (ETO) firm. Marketing interacts directly with the customers and quotes due‐dates for their orders. Engineering is primarily concerned with the efficient utilization of resources and is willing to increase capacity if the cost is compensated. The two divisions share the responsibility for timely delivery of the jobs. We model the interaction between marketing and engineering as a Nash game and investigate the effect of internal competition on the equilibrium decisions. We observe that the internal competition not only degrades the firm's overall profitability but also the serviceability. Finally, we extend our analysis to multiple‐job settings that consider both flexible and inflexible capacity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

多体结构连接部件的有限单元模型

针对多体结构中连接部位带来的运动不连续问题 ,提出了将连接部件不作节点处理而作单元看待的设想。从力学基本原理出发推导了单元的刚度矩阵与阻尼矩阵 ,并由拉格朗日方程推导了这种单元的平衡方程     

进化计算在机器人轨迹规划中的应用研究

本文介绍了采用进化计算思想研制的机器人轨迹规划系统ＲＴＰ－１，提出多层次动态结构化编码方案，利用低中高三层进化算法分别优化距离、路径和关节角度偏差，基于多层综合优化策略解决多目标多约束工程优化问题，建立了次序相关问题求解的通用框架。在进化算法中，利用拉马克效应加快轨迹规划速度，在ＲＭ－５０１机械手上实现的任意空间直线和空间曲线轨迹规划具有良好的鲁棒性，规划轨迹的相邻臂构型间具有良好的柔顺性，规划轨迹的臂构型序列具有良好的平滑性。本文所采用的机器人轨迹规划方法具有通用性，可推广应用于各种动力学系统的研制。     

进化计算在机器学习中的应用研究

采用进化计算思想研制机器学习实际系统，利用隐含并行机制及并行规则触发策略实现多目标优化技术。针对航天员模拟训练评分标准具体任务，采取灵活的多层次动态编码方案，建立多种简洁且完备的进化操作。利用信度分配组桶策略实现竞争机制，依赖进化算法搜索、发现并选择适当规则，引入启发知识产生缺省规则层次以实现多种隐式目标。设计并实现了遗传进化机器学习系统ＧＥＭＬ－１，该系统具有良好的鲁棒性和柔顺性。本文的遗传进化机器学习方法，可推广应用于各种军用专家系统和军事决策支持系统的研制，从而为人工智能在军事上的应用提供新的设计方法和实现途径。     

多因子动态加权威胁估计方法

在分析了以往威胁估计方法不足的基础上,提出了多因子动态加权威胁估计方法,该方法中给出了诸因子新的有作战背景的威胁隶属度函数,并运用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ）计算出权系数,而且随着作战环境的变化可动态调整之。