带有状态滞后的连续广义系统的鲁棒正实控制﹡

对带有状态滞后的连续广义系统的严格正实性进行了分析,得出了这类系统渐近稳定且严格正实的充分条件,该充分条件与滞后无关。进一步地,对这类系统带有不确定性和控制量的情况进行了研究。提出了一种基于线性状态反馈控制的鲁棒正实控制器设计方法,使得控制器设计可以通过求解线性矩阵不等式方便地加以解决,且保证了闭环系统的严格正实性。最后,通过实例分析说明所提出的鲁棒正实控制器设计方法是可行的、有效的。     

舰炮火控技术在弹道修正弹中的应用

针对国外基于GPS定位系统的弹道修正弹及相关火控技术的发展情况,分析和研究了弹道修正弹的控制特点和火控原理,提出了在基于卫星定位的弹道修正弹中应用舰炮火控成熟技术,完成弹道参数计算、弹道外推预测和弹道修正控制等功能的设想,可为舰炮火控技术在基于卫星定位的弹道修正弹中的应用提供技术参考。     

The Nepalese Army: From counterinsurgency to peacekeeping?

Can peacekeeping participation help reform military institutions in democratizing states? Drawing on evidence from Nepal – one of the world's largest troop contributors to UN peacekeeping operations – this essay illustrates that participation in peace missions can sometimes undermine security sector reform and deteriorate civil–military relations. Furthermore, this analysis shows that peacekeeping participation will not necessarily reorient troops away from their conventional internal roles (such as counterinsurgency) or improve civilian control over the armed forces. Hence, civilians can lose control over soldiers just as frequently when they are deployed overseas as when they are at home.     

The U.S. Navy's task forces: 1–199

ABSTRACT

Grouping warships for combat has evolved greatly over the centuries. In the early 1940s, the United States Navy began to group its warships for combat in much more flexible task forces than the previous single-type-of-warship formations. This system has evolved and spread to naval forces ashore but remains fundamentally unchanged. It now covers numbers between 1 to over 1000, of which the most prominent is the first 100 or so which U.S. Navy combat forces use. The numbered fleets worldwide utilize the series covering 20-79; 1-19 and 90-99 appear to be reserved for special allocations and Commander, Pacific Fleet; numbers over 80 to the Atlantic; 100-119 for Northern Europe and briefly Tenth Fleet; the 120 series for Second Fleet as a Joint Task Force leader; the 150 series for Naval Forces Central Command; and the 180 series for Atlantic Fleet and now-Fleet Forces Command.     

Reforming the bras tendus? The Congolese National Police reforms, 2003–2016

The security sector reform (SSR) programme in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has failed, according to a former high-level member of the United Nations (UN) mission in the DRC, as a large section of the country remains outside government control, and the security institutions of the state continue to constitute one of the predominant sources of insecurity for the local population in a number of ways. Based on several field studies, this article critically scrutinises the SSR of the Congolese National Police (Police nationale congolaise; PNC) and the efforts to reform it between 2004 and 2016. It further attempts to explain why so little progress was made in the SSR of the PNC, despite extensive involvement from donors. The article shows that the instrumental and traditional approach to SSR is partly to blame, because in this case it failed to address the root problems and initiate the needed fundamental reform and reconstruction of the police force. It also shows that reforming local security institutions becomes even more difficult when the local authorities do not support the effort.     

Tuning the reactivity of Al–Ni by fine coating of halogen-containing energetic composites

In this paper, various core-shell structured Al–Ni@ECs composites have been prepared by a spray-drying technique. The involved ECs refer to the energetic composites (ECs) of ammonium perchlorate/nitrocellulose (AP/NC, NA) and polyvinylidene fluoride/hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (PVDF/CL-20, PC). Two Al–Ni mixtures were prepared at atomic ratios of 1:1 and 1:3 and named as Al/Ni and Al/3Ni, respectively. The thermal reactivity and combustion behaviors of Al–Ni@ECs composites have been comprehensively investigated. Results showed that the reactivity and combustion performance of Al–Ni could be enhanced by introducing both NA and PC energetic composites. Among which the Al/Ni@NA composite exhibited higher reactivity and improved combustion performance. The measured flame propagation rate (v = 20.6 mm/s), average combustion wave temperature (T_max = 1567.0 °C) and maximum temperature rise rate (γ_t = 1633.6 °C/s) of Al/Ni@NA are higher than that of the Al/Ni (v = 15.8 mm/s, T_max = 858.0 °C, and γ_t = 143.5 °C/s). The enhancement in combustion properties could be due to presence of the acidic gaseous products from ECs, which could etch the Al₂O₃ shell on the surface of Al particles, and make the inner active Al to be easier transported, so that an intimate and faster intermetallic reaction between Al and Ni would be realized. Furthermore, the morphologies and chemical compositions of the condensed combustion products (CCPs) of Al–Ni@ECs composites were found to be different depending on the types of ECs. The compositions of CCPs are dominated with the Al–Ni intermetallics, combining with a trace amount of Al₅O₆N and Al₂O₃.     

基础阻抗对隔振效果的影响

经典隔振理论评价隔振效果常假定基础为绝对刚性,这在隔振效果评价和测量上带来了很大的问题,导致计算结果偏差很大.针对这一问题推导了柔性基础上的传递率计算公式,讨论了基础阻抗对隔振效果的影响.理论分析表明,柔性基础的基频和质量是影响隔振效果的最重要因素.     

综合系统多重递阶控制设计方法(三) 空-地轰炸模态协调控制器设计方法

基于综合系统的多重递阶控制结构,研究了空-地轰炸模态的协调控制器设计方法。综合系统控制结构是根据综合系统的子系统之间的功能耦合作用确定的。基于该结构,提出了航迹准稳态运动和运动解析关系组合的协调控制器设计方法。采用所提出的设计方法,基于某验证机的控制增稳系统,设计了空-地轰炸模态的综合飞行/火力控制系统。仿真结果表明,所设计的综合控制系统获得了良好的动态性能,所提出的协调控制器设计方法是可行的。