Introduction

The French defense policy has been considered unique among western countries. This policy relies on the concept of ‘strategic autonomy’, which is based on nuclear deterrence, autonomy of action, independence of defense industry, and arms exports. From an economic perspective, it implies major consequences both at the macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. Given its importance, it is crucial to use economic expertise to provide insights on defense policy.     

The Organization of the Defense Support System: An Economic Geography Perspective

In the context of restricted budgetary resources and the growing cost of maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) activities, a major issue for modern armed forces is to sustain defense platforms. A possible method consists of realizing economies of scale through the concentration of maintenance activities, which involves the spatial reorganization of existing industrial sites dedicated to MRO. This article provides a formalized framework to discuss the optimal organization for the MRO of defense platforms in space. The public planner organizes the maintenance of defense platforms with only two possible spatial configurations. In the dispersed configuration, two industrial production units in charge of the maintenance optimally cover space, whereas in the concentrated configuration, a unique industrial unit covers space. Focusing on the tipping point between the two configurations, the balance of forces between agglomeration and dispersion in defense support activities is described and discussed. On the one hand, economies of scale provide an opportunity to optimize defense support costs, favoring concentration in a unique industrial unit. On the other hand, space causes dispersion to reduce both transport costs and operational social costs. This trade-off illustrates a general principle in spatial economics with an application to MRO production in the French case.     

Fully sequential procedures for comparing constrained systems via simulation

We consider the problem of finding the system with the best primary performance measure among a finite number of simulated systems in the presence of a stochastic constraint on a single real‐valued secondary performance measure. Solving this problem requires the identification and removal from consideration of infeasible systems (Phase I) and of systems whose primary performance measure is dominated by that of other feasible systems (Phase II). We use indifference zones in both phases and consider two approaches, namely, carrying out Phases I and II sequentially and carrying out Phases I and II simultaneously, and we provide specific example procedures of each type. We present theoretical results guaranteeing that our approaches (general and specific, sequential and simultaneous) yield the best system with at least a prespecified probability, and we provide a portion of an extensive numerical study aimed at evaluating and comparing the performance of our approaches. The experimental results show that both new procedures are useful for constrained ranking and selection, with neither procedure showing uniform superiority over the other.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

单航天器无需变轨与Walker星座多星交会的充分条件及特性分析

以Walker星座为研究对象,对单航天器无需变轨实现多星交会的问题展开研究。从Walker星座相位同构特性出发,得到了单航天器无需变轨能够对多颗星座卫星交会的充分条件,对交会的星座卫星的数目和星座卫星组合等问题进行了研究。在此基础上,提出了利用解析法求解交会轨道的轨道设计方法,并对交会轨道的特性进行了分析。对交会更多星座卫星(大于3颗)的可能性展开了讨论。研究结果可为单航天器无需变轨对星座多星交会提供理论依据。     

略论国防专利在专利制度中的优先性

通过摘取法律法规中体现国防专利优先性的法律规范,阐明国防专利分别在国防专利申请阶段和国防专利实施阶段的优先性。对国防专利在专利制度中的优先性进行法理学分析,从国内国防建设的角度论证国防专利优先性的原因,通过研究美国和俄罗斯的国防专利制度来分析国防专利具有一定优先地位的合理性。文章对我国国防专利在专利制度的优先性提出发展建议,在国防专利申请阶段,国防专利要加大对国防专利权人的补偿力度,同时设立专门机构对普通专利进行国防专利审查。国防专利实施阶段要完善定密解密制度,发挥市场在国防专利向普通专利转换中的关键作用。     

机载MIMO雷达稳健非均匀样本选择方法

针对杂波训练样本中混入干扰目标,导致空时自适应处理技术的杂波抑制性能下降问题,提出一种基于目标知识进行局部稀疏恢复的稳健训练样本挑选方法。该方法利用先验知识确定待检测单元中的目标区域,对整个角度-多普勒平面进行遍历,获得稀疏超完备基。通过变换矩阵对超完备基中对应的目标区域进行"挖空"处理,局部稀疏恢复出超分辨的杂波空时谱,获得杂波协方差矩阵估计。结合广义内积算法,实现非均匀训练样本挑选的过程。与常规结合广义内积方法相比,该方法对于不同干扰强度的训练样本,均有良好的检测效果。经仿真验证,所提方法的检验统计量之间区分度更加明显,对于干扰样本的挑选更加彻底,从而有效地提高了空时自适应处理技术的目标检测性能。     

排队论方法在评估防空武器系统能力方面的应用

针对当前评估舰炮武器系统作战效能的局限性,运用排队理论,建立评估单舰防空武器系统对持续入侵空中目标负荷能力的数学模型,分析了武器配置、火力单元工作性能对系统处理多批次空中目标能力的影响.针对作战平台的安全性,提出了评估舰炮武器系统功能的参数模型,对多种情况下的系统防空能力做出理论上的评价.最后,基于最一般情况给出舰炮武器系统防空作战中的几种可行配置方案.     

码分多址(CDMA)蜂房移动通信上、下行链路带宽非对称划分的分析

从移动台和基站接收机输入端载干比以及T S Rappaport和L B Milstein提出的信道传输模型出发 ,对码分多址 (CDMA)蜂房移动通信系统的上、下行链路带宽划分进行了分析 ,提出了非对称划分办法 ,同时给出了仿真结果。分析表明 :上、下行链路带宽划分有效地提高了码分多址 (CDMA)蜂房移动通信系统容量     

Hopfield神经网络的防空火力最优分配问题

火力的最优分配是作战计划的重要内容,它包含火力单位特性、目标单位特性、最优准则、射击条件四个方面的内容。简要介绍了Hopfield神经网络的基础知识,建立了防空自动化指挥系统中火力分配的Hopfield神经网络算法一般模型,在此基础上,阐述了利用该算法在火力分配中的一般应用,并通过在计算机上借助C语言编程实现了这一模型,得出了一种比较合理可行的火力分配方案。     

压电材料中的共线非等长多裂纹问题

建立了横观各向同性压电材料中的共线非等长多裂纹模型。将裂纹模拟为连续分布的广义位错,推导了单点广义位错的格林函数,并基于此得到了共线非等长多裂纹的奇异积分方程组,最后由数值计算给出了裂纹尖端的能量释放率。对奇异积分方程组的退化分析和对称条件下的数值结果的讨论,验证了本文结果的正确性。研究表明:当共线裂纹间距小于裂纹长度时,裂纹尖端场存在显著的干涉效应;裂纹越长,干涉效应越显著;电载荷系数越大,能量释放率也越大;相对于外侧尖端而言,共线裂纹内侧尖端对电载荷系数更为敏感。