Swedish–Finnish naval cooperation in the Baltic Sea: motives,prospects and challenges

Recently, Finland and Sweden decided to substantially deepen their defence cooperation and this project involves creating a bilateral standing Naval Task Group (SFNTG). The present article aims at examining the deepening naval cooperation between Finland and Sweden from a regional integration perspective, focusing on its motives, current challenges and future prospects. Driven by perceptions of common challenges and desires for cost-effectiveness, and strengthened by recent successes on sea surveillance and a combined Amphibious Task Unit, the bilateral project has considerable potential to achieve success. To fulfil its objectives, substantial legal changes in both countries are required to allow the use of force on each other’s territorial waters. To cater for the requirement of not conflicting with EU, NORDEFCO or NATO cooperations, the bilateral Task Group must operate according to NATO standards and by using English as the language in command and control. The costs of adjusting the naval units to NATO’s technical requirements are far from negligible and this issue still remains to be solved. If Finland and Sweden manage to incorporate new policies, common structures and common organisational norms among their navies, an even deeper integration, as in Belgium and the Netherlands, are conceivable.     

空域窗射击舰炮火力分布方法

空域窗射击方式是近程防御舰炮武器提高对高速复杂机动反舰导弹射击效力的有效途径,研究论证舰炮射击区域内射弹分布方法是实现舰炮空域窗射击的关键。运用射击效力分析方法,从“软”、“硬”两个途径,研究了射击诸元分布法和炮管预置角法两种空域窗射击火力分布方法,对其火力分布方式、范围及火力密度进行了研究,可为舰炮研制及使用提供参考。     

舰船尾部振动的水弹性模型

采用三维水弹性理论导出了舰船尾部振动的流固耦合运动方程式;用三维结构混合有限元和三维流体边界元建立了舰船尾部振动的水弹性分析离散模型．提出了中型水面舰艇尾部整体振动的预报方法;编制了相应的计算机程序．对两型舰艇的尾部振动进行了分析计算,结果表明,预报值与实测值比较吻合．研究结果可对中型水面舰艇的减振降噪设计提供预报手段,从而改善舰船的尾部振动环境．     

角速率火控系统计算延迟问题的研究

提出解决角速率火控系统计算延迟问题的两种方法,为深入研究角速率火控计算进行了新的探索。     

态势估计中编队作战空间关系表示及其推理

空间关系表示及其推理是态势估计的基本问题。提出了海军编队作战空间的概念,分析了几种典型的空间形式并探讨了相应的描述方法,基于对B.Clarke空间理论的分析,针对两支编队海上作战的态势演变,提出了海军编队作战的区域拓扑关系、及其符号表示和推理的符号集合,并采用合理化的形式推导了空间区域的相加、相交、补集和全集等谓词推理运算,它将适用于构建海军编队态势估计的空间推理基础框架。     

To Be or Not To Be: The Development of Soviet Deck Aviation

Few issues were as contentious in the development of the Soviet Navy as the role of aircraft carriers and sea-based aviation. Despite the continued insistence by the highest naval authorities and scientific experts that surface combatants simply could not be protected in the open ocean without the support of ship-borne aviation, Soviet leaders – for a variety of reasons – resisted aircraft carrier development until the final decades of the Cold War. In examining one of the most defining and telling asymmetries of the Cold War at sea, the author argues that while the USSR was economically and technologically capable of building aircraft carriers of any class, bureaucratic infighting, misperceptions of cost and practicality, and the inherent flaws of a totalitarian system ultimately created an impossible gap in capabilities between the two sides. The priorities and direction of Soviet weapons and defense technology development during the Cold War was largely a factor of the military-political situation taking shape at home, and in the world. As a rule, the navy was assigned missions that corresponded to its capabilities at a given point in time, rather than the other way around. Often, the navy lacked the material resources needed to implement its core mission. The availability of these resources, in turn, depended on the country's economic situation, its scientific potential, the technological state of its industry, as well as the subjective influence of political and military leaders on the priorities of technological development. The impact of the country's socioeconomic imperatives was undoubtedly also felt in the sluggish pace of development of ship-borne aviation and aircraft carriers in the USSR.     

近程舰炮武器系统拦截高速目标发展研究

反舰导弹的超声速特性使得现役近程舰炮武器系统的反应时间严重不足,毁伤能力明显下降.针对高速目标,分析了目标对系统的随动性能需求,研究了系统情报处理、传感器捕获跟踪及火控解算等时间特征参数、及系统毁伤能力,并提出了解决问题的初步想法.分析结果表明,可以提高近程舰炮武器系统对超高声速目标的跟踪毁伤能力,实现对该类目标的有效拦截.     

基于AHP和灰色评估法的水面舰艇编队作战效能评估

水面舰艇编队的作战效能是衡量水面舰艇编队完成各种战斗任务能力的基本依据。为定量评估水面舰艇编队的作战效能,建立了评估水面舰艇编队作战效能的指标体系,并对其中较为重要的指标进行了分析。首先采用层次分析法确定各因素的权重,然后运用灰色评估法对水面舰艇编队作战效能进行综合评价,主要用于对水面舰艇编队作战效能进行排序以及对水面舰艇编队进行编成优化,为水面舰艇编队指挥人员提供一定的量化分析和决策依据。     

亚临界航速时双船水压场数值计算与实验研究

基于RANS方程,采用VOF方法,选用SST湍流模式,对两艘不同排水量Wigley船同向航行时的水压场进行了数值计算,并开展了双船水压场的实验研究,计算结果与实验结果吻合良好。研究表明:双船在浅水中航行时,由于两船及其引起的兴波相互作用,双船水压场负压峰值和负压延时等特征与两船相对位置密切相关,与单船水压场特征有明显区别。     

舰炮弹丸对零航路捷径超声速导弹的侵彻分析

以零航路捷径下小口径舰炮弹丸对超声速反舰导弹的侵彻毁伤效果为研究方向,仿真计算了零航路捷径下小口径舰炮弹丸与超声速反舰导弹的交汇姿态,建立了反舰导弹模型,在此基础上就不同侵彻部位及交汇角度条件下小口径舰炮弹丸对超声速反舰导弹的侵彻毁伤效果进行了有限元仿真,得出了具有统计意义的仿真结果,总结了弹丸无法毁伤导弹战斗部的几点因素。研究对有效评价小口径舰炮弹丸对超声速反舰导弹的毁伤效果以及对导弹整体的易损性分析提供了理论参考。