基于模糊信息论的空中目标识别模型研究

空中目标识别是防空作战辅助决策的关键环节之一。针对目标识别中不确定信息,建立基于模糊信息论的空中目标识别模型。该模型利用模糊信息论中的模糊数,基于贴近度的模糊模式识别对待识空中目标进行初步识别,同时为解决不确定信息本身对目标识别结果稳定性的影响,采用模糊信息熵对目标识别结果修正,从而进一步提高了空中目标识别结果的稳定性和可信度。     

基于信息论的信息共享质量评估研究

如何度量编队作战中信息共享的质量,是一个值得研究的新课题。根据信息论的知识,从信息的产生概率和不确定性方面出发,建立了仅与节点的状态概率有关的双节点和网络信息共享的质量评估模型,并通过仿真得出了结果。     

熵理论在装备保障指挥组织结构优化中的应用

把熵理论应用于装备保障指挥组织结构的优化设计,并以某军区装备部机关组织结构为例,从量化的角度比较改革前后组织结构的时效熵和质量熵,得出结论:改革后的军区装备部机关组织结构有序度优于改革前机关组织结构有序度。     

基于LMD频域近似熵频谱感知算法研究

针对现有频域近似熵频谱感知技术在低信噪比条件下抗噪声性能和检测性能有待提升的问题,提出了一种基于LMD频域近似熵的频谱感知算法。(1)算法筛选出3个PF分量累加求和,使得算法提取局部调频包络特征信息得到最优,进一步排除噪声不确定度的影响。(2)算法对累加PF分量进行频域变换后求其近似熵,增强算法对频域信息的嗅探能力,提升算法检测性能。Monte Carlo仿真结果表明,在噪声不确定度为0dB,采样点数为8 000的情况下,当信噪比大于-19 d B时,可以对2ASK信号达到100%的检测概率,与现有频域近似熵算法相比,检测性能约有17 d B的提升。     

海天背景下舰船可见光图像目标区域定位方法

针对行均值法用于海天背景下舰船目标区域定位可靠性不高、容易受到舰船目标大小和海天背景复杂程度影响的不足,提出一种基于图像行灰度熵的舰船目标区域定位方法。该方法在分析海天背景下舰船目标可见光图像成像特点基础上,结合信息熵理论给出了图像灰度熵及行灰度熵的概念,利用图像行灰度熵描述图像在行方向上的灰度变化程度,选用滑动区间方差搜索策略得到图像行灰度熵曲线的突变区间,从而实现舰船目标区域定位,最后通过实际图像进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,该方法能对舰船目标所在区域有效定位,其准确性及鲁棒性均优于行均值法。     

高等数学中典型错误剖析及对策

在教学中 ,教师若能预先估量学生的错误 ,有针对性的教学 ,就一定能取得满意的教学效果。本文对高等数学中学生所犯典型错误作归因化剖析并给出相应的对策     

Information theory for ranking and selection

We study the classical ranking and selection problem, where the ultimate goal is to find the unknown best alternative in terms of the probability of correct selection or expected opportunity cost. However, this paper adopts an alternative sampling approach to achieve this goal, where sampling decisions are made with the objective of maximizing information about the unknown best alternative, or equivalently, minimizing its Shannon entropy. This adaptive learning is formulated via a Bayesian stochastic dynamic programming problem, by which several properties of the learning problem are presented, including the monotonicity of the optimal value function in an information-seeking setting. Since the state space of the stochastic dynamic program is unbounded in the Gaussian setting, a one-step look-ahead approach is used to develop a policy. The proposed policy seeks to maximize the one-step information gain about the unknown best alternative, and therefore, it is called information gradient (IG). It is also proved that the IG policy is consistent, that is, as the sampling budget grows to infinity, the IG policy finds the true best alternative almost surely. Later, a computationally efficient estimate of the proposed policy, called approximated information gradient (AIG), is introduced and in the numerical experiments its performance is tested against recent benchmarks alongside several sensitivity analyses. Results show that AIG performs competitively against other algorithms from the literature.     

用不确定性度量作战效能的评估方法

把作战过程分解成多个节点,用不确定性自信息量度量各节点完成任务的程度,并改造了信息熵函数,得出一种适合求解作战效能的评估方法.最后,针对一实例进行效能评估建模、验模和灵敏度分析.     

灰色关联投影法的威胁排序算法

威胁评估与排序是作战系统和C4I系统必须具备的重要功能.结合多指标决策理论和灰色系统理论,提出了基于多指标决策灰色关联投影法的威胁排序算法.首先通过建立灰色关联判断矩阵将威胁排序转化为多指标决策问题;其次为缩小极端值的影响提出了基于信息熵的威胁指标权重算法;最后从矢量投影角度应用灰色关联投影值进行威胁排序;并分别研究了分辨系数和指标权重对威胁排序的影响.通过现代防空作战实例验证了算法的有效性和工程实用性.     

On a class of multiple failure mode systems

The primary objective of this work is to introduce and perform a detailed study of a class of multistate reliability structures in which no ordering in the levels of components' performances is necessary. In particular, the present paper develops the basic theory (exact reliability formulae, reliability bounds, asymptotic results) that will make it feasible to investigate systems whose components are allowed to experience m ≥ 2 kinds of failure (failure modes), and their breakdown is described by different families of cut sets in each mode. For illustration purposes, two classical (binary) systems are extended to analogous multiple failure mode structures, and their reliability performance (bounds and asymptotic behavior) is investigated by numerical experimentation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 167–185, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.10007