Aircraft routing under the risk of detection

The deterministic problem for finding an aircraft's optimal risk trajectory in a threat environment has been formulated. The threat is associated with the risk of aircraft detection by radars or similar sensors. The model considers an aircraft's trajectory in three‐dimensional (3‐D) space and represents the aircraft by a symmetrical ellipsoid with the axis of symmetry directing the trajectory. Analytical and discrete optimization approaches for routing an aircraft with variable radar cross‐section (RCS) subject to a constraint on the trajectory length have been developed. Through techniques of Calculus of Variations, the analytical approach reduces the original risk optimization problem to a vectorial nonlinear differential equation. In the case of a single detecting installation, a solution to this equation is expressed by a quadrature. A network optimization approach reduces the original problem to the Constrained Shortest Path Problem (CSPP) for a 3‐D network. The CSPP has been solved for various ellipsoid shapes and different length constraints in cases with several radars. The impact of ellipsoid shape on the geometry of an optimal trajectory as well as the impact of variable RCS on the performance of a network optimization algorithm have been analyzed and illustrated by several numerical examples. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

DS/PM双模应答机接收信号的快捕技术

提出了一种星用直扩/调相(DS/PM)双模式应答机接收信号快速识别和捕获的算法,并分析了该算法的性能。与传统的处理方式相比,该算法通过对共同处理部件(FFT/IFFT)的复用在提高系统性能的同时优化了系统结构,降低了对硬件规模的要求。解决了高动态、低信噪比和大多普勒频移环境下捕获时间与检测性能的矛盾,对研制星用DS/PM双模式应答机有很好的参考价值。     

回归分析在漏磁定量检测中的应用

通过分析漏磁场,选取法向分量的峰峰值和峰峰值间距作为漏磁通信号的特征量。重点介绍了多元回归分析模型理论、参数估计方法和回归模型的假设检验,得到缺陷宽度、深度与峰峰值和峰峰值间距之间的回归模型,最后利用漏磁数据对回归模型进行了检验,结果表明预测缺陷宽度和深度的误差不超过10%,利用回归分析能够实现漏磁检测的定量化。     

遥测参数数据载荷状态判别集成学习方法

针对载荷单机设备遥测参数维度高、数据量大、存在类别不平衡、无法直观判别单机设备运行情况等问题,考虑到航天任务对可解释性的要求,提出一种基于信息增益参数特征选择和集成学习方法的载荷单机状态快速识别方法。采用统计量性质和信息增益子集搜索方法对遥测数据进行特征筛选降维,通过集成学习模型算法实现载荷单机设备状态的自适应识别分类。所提方法将信息增益的参数分类信息量评价准则和集成学习拟合能力强、类别不平衡下准确率高和抗噪能力强等优点相结合,兼顾模型特征和结果的可解释性,提供了重点参数发现功能。采用科学卫星任务真实载荷遥测参数数据对该方法进行了验证,整体识别准确率高于90%,少数样本亦可准确识别,整体效果可达到在轨任务要求,证明了所提方法的有效性和实用性。     

高速SpaceFibre总线节点的系统设计

为了实现SpaceFibre总线节点的高效数据传输,针对网络协议中关键问题和技术提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)的SpaceFibre总线节点系统设计方案。其中,采用了轮询仲裁算法,解决了多路虚拟通道中流量控制字的申请冲突;设计了基于服务质量机制的高效处理状态机,实现了多路虚拟通道的服务质量调度;提出了一种并行的分区存储架构和重发控制算法,实现了基于错误检测隔离恢复机制的错误恢复;采用了不同的数据并行处理方案,实现了多种数据格式的循环冗余校验和伪随机序列的计算。通过ModelSim仿真平台对节点系统进行功能仿真,并在Virtex-6 FPGA上完成了系统验证。结果表明,该设计实现了SpaceFibre总线节点的功能,串行传输速度可达3.125 Gbit/s,能够满足高速数据传输需求。     

中文分词与命名实体识别的联合学习

将卷积结构引入循环神经网络,从而构建卷积循环神经网络。以此为基础,研究构建了面向中文分词与实体识别联合学习的序列标注模型。该模型依托卷积循环神经网络构建特征编码层,实现中文字序列局部空间特征和长距离时序依赖特征的联合提取;依托改进的循环神经网络构建标签解码层,实现标签序列长距离时序依赖的有效建模;依托统一的分词与实体识别序列标注模式实现分词信息与实体信息的联合学习,避免传统流水线法的误差传播问题。在人民日报语料和微软标注语料上的实验结果显示,该框架较传统统计模型和神经网络模型有显著的性能提升,尤其是在识别字数较多的命名实体时,其效果明显优于其他方法。     

Adaptive subspace detection based on two-step dimension reduction in the underwater waveguide

In the underwater waveguide, the conventional adaptive subspace detector (ASD), derived by using the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) theory, suffers from a significant degradation in detection per-formance when the samplings of training data are deficient. This paper proposes a dimension-reduced approach to alleviate this problem. The dimension reduction includes two steps: firstly, the full array is divided into several subarrays; secondly, the test data and the training data at each subarray are transformed into the modal domain from the hydrophone domain. Then the modal-domain test data and training data at each subarray are processed to formulate the subarray statistic by using the GLRT theory. The final test statistic of the dimension-reduced ASD (DR-ASD) is obtained by summing all the subarray statistics. After the dimension reduction, the unknown parameters can be estimated more accurately so the DR-ASD achieves a better detection performance than the ASD. In order to achieve the optimal detection performance, the processing gain of the DR-ASD is deduced to choose a proper number of subarrays. Simulation experiments verify the improved detection performance of the DR-ASD compared with the ASD.     

A new energy efficient management approach for wireless sensor networks in target tracking

This paper mainly studied the problem of energy conserving in wireless sensor networks for target tracking in defensing combats. Firstly, the structures of wireless sensor nodes and networks were illustrated; Secondly, the analysis of existing energy consuming in the sensing layer and its calculation method were provided to build the energy conserving objective function; What's more, the other two indicators in target tracking, including target detection probability and tracking accuracy, were combined to be regarded as the constraints of the energy conserving objective function. Fourthly, the three energy conserving approaches, containing optimizing the management scheme, prolonging the time interval between two adjacent observations, and transmitting the observations selectively, were introduced; In addition, the improved lion algorithm combined with the Logistic chaos sequence was proposed to obtain sensor management schemes. Finally, simulations had been made to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methods and algorithm.     

基于随机有限集理论的多传感器目标联合检测跟踪算法

针对杂波环境中的目标检测跟踪问题,提出一种基于随机有限集理论的多传感器目标联合检测跟踪算法。算法将目标状态和量测描述为随机集合,建立考虑目标出现、目标保持、目标消失等情况的目标状态随机有限集模型,以及考虑漏检和虚警的多传感器量测随机有限集模型。将目标的联合检测跟踪问题构建为目标状态集合的贝叶斯最优估计问题,并基于随机有限集理论对该贝叶斯估计算法的递推表达式进行严格理论推导。采用序贯蒙特卡罗技术实现算法的递推滤波。仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性以及算法相对于传统基于数据关联算法的性能优势。     

水下声探测系统载体振动干扰分析及抑制方法

针对水下探测系统载体振动对目标回波信号的微多普勒特征谱产生干扰的问题,从干扰产生的基本原理出发,推导了干扰的近似乘性表达式。在获取振动干扰数据的条件下,提出了针对乘性干扰的干扰抑制算法,并针对推导干扰乘性表达式时的近似条件,分析了近似算法带来的误差。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效抑制水下探测系统平台振动对目标回波信号的微多普勒特征谱产生的干扰,并且在绝大多数情况下,由算法带来的误差可以忽略不计。