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181.
Manjeet S. Pardesi 《The Nonproliferation Review》2014,21(3-4):337-354
The Indian nuclear program is a response to a perceived politico-strategic threat from China as opposed to a military-operational one that New Delhi began after perceiving an “ultimatum” from China in 1965. Consequently, India is in the process of acquiring an assured second-strike capability vis-à-vis China to meet the requirements of general deterrence. While India has always been concerned about the Sino-Pakistani nuclear/missile nexus, China has become wary of the growing military ties between the United States and India in recent years, especially because of the military implications of the US-India civil nuclear deal. Given the growing conventional military gap between the two states, India is not lowering its nuclear threshold to meet the Chinese conventional challenge. Instead, India is upgrading its conventional military strategy from dissuasion to deterrence against China. While the overall Sino-Indian nuclear relationship is stable, it will be challenged as China acquires advanced conventional weapons that blur the distinction between conventional and nuclear conflict. 相似文献
182.
Gaurav Kampani 《The Nonproliferation Review》2014,21(3-4):383-398
Sixteen years after stepping out of the nuclear closet, India's nuclear posture, some of its operational practices, and hardware developments are beginning to mimic those of the original five nuclear weapon states. Several proliferation scholars in the United States contend that India's national security managers are poised to repeat the worst mistakes of the superpowers’ Cold War nuclear competition, with negative consequences for deterrence, crisis, and stability in South Asia and the Asia-Pacific region. This article takes a contrarian view. It dissects the best available data to show why the alarmist view is overstated. It argues that not only are the alarmists’ claims unsupported by evidence, their interpretation of the skeletal and often contradictory data threatens to construct the very threat they prophesize. 相似文献
183.
红外制导武器对目标的发现、识别和跟踪主要依据目标与背景的红外辐射特性及其对比特性。随着红外技术的不断发展和在军事上的广泛运用,红外辐射在大气中的传输研究越来越受到关注。针对大气透过率是研究红外辐射传输的重要参数,提取既定区域实际观测大气数据构建大气参数廓线并嵌入成熟、通用的大气辐射传输模型中,探讨了红外波段实际大气透过特性的变化特征,并分析了用模型自带大气近似可能带来的误差。结果表明,基于实际大气廓线计算出的大气透过特性准确度基本吻合国际公认理论分析值,我国区域内的大气透过率的准确计算必须考虑我国的实际大气,这对最大限度分析利用战场气象环境确保武器作战性能的充分发挥具有重要价值。 相似文献
184.
Doreen Horschig 《Defense & Security Analysis》2020,36(3):352-371
ABSTRACT Under what conditions are cyber-weapons effective in nuclear counter-proliferation? With continued interest in nuclear proliferation professed by Iran, North Korea, and Saudi Arabia, a discussion of the effectiveness of counter-proliferation measures remains relevant. Cyber-attacks as military option in a state-on-state conflict still requires additional corroborating evidence to make conclusions about its long-term effectiveness. This work analyses the general applicability of cyber-weapons and their usefulness in nuclear counter-proliferation. Through a comparative case study of Operation Orchard, Stuxnet, and recent “Left-of-Launch” operations against North Korea, the essay finds that cyber-operations are not particularly effective against nuclear programmes that are in the later stages of their development. They can disrupt and delay a nuclear programme temporarily, if the attack remains clandestine, but cannot halt nuclear proliferation all together. However, effectiveness increases if they are used in combination with conventional weapons. The article addresses a topic of interest to national-level decision-makers: whether cyber-operations can and should play a role in nuclear counter-proliferation. 相似文献
185.
为了实现混响室的仿真电场值与实测值的直接对比,需要计算发射天线的宽频辐射功率.基于坡印廷矢量的面积分,利用时域有限差分算法和快速傅里叶变换,得到了天线宽频辐射功率的快速计算方法.应用该方法对半波偶极子天线和短偶极子天线进行数值仿真,通过仿真值与理论值的比较,验证了该方法的正确性.该方法适用于任何能够用FDTD进行合理建模的电磁设备的辐射功率计算,且一次计算即可得到宽频辐射功率,不仅为混响室仿真结果的归一化打下基础,而且也是分析其他电磁设备宽频辐射特性的可行方法. 相似文献
186.
《防务技术》2020,16(1):158-171
In this paper, we proposed a monopulse forward-looking high-resolution imaging algorithm based on adaptive iteration for missile-borne detector. Through iteration, the proposed algorithm automatically selects the echo signal of isolated strong-scattering points from the receiving echo signal data to accurately estimate the actual optimal monopulse response curve (MRC) of the same distance range, and we applied optimal MRC to realize the azimuth self-focusing in the process of imaging. We use real-time echo data to perform error correction for obtaining the optimal MRC, and the azimuth angulation accuracy may reach the optimum at a certain distance dimension. We experimentally demonstrate the validity, reliability and high performance of the proposed algorithm. The azimuth angulation accuracy may reach up to ten times of the detection beam-width. The simulation experiments have verified the feasibility of this strategy, with the average height measurement error being 7.8%. In the out-field unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tests, the height measurement error is less than 2.5 m, and the whole response time can satisfy the requirements of a missile-borne detector. 相似文献
187.
针对年日照时数或累年日太阳辐射月均值误差较大,而逐时太阳辐射观测值虽然准确度较高,却数据量巨大,不便于研究使用和工程运用这一问题,结合太阳辐射数学模型和重庆市气象统计数据,采用先分别计算散射辐射和直射辐射,然后进行叠加的方式,利用Matlab软件建立了重庆地区太阳辐射仿真模型。仿真计算结果表明,该模型准确度较好,为进一步研究打下了良好基础。 相似文献
188.
189.
电晕放电若干特性的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究空中带高压物体的电晕放电辐射信号特征,采用组建的静电放电测试系统对电晕电流及其辐射信号进行了实验研究。实验表明:电晕放电脉冲波形具有明显的极性效应。负极性下先发生电晕放电,且电流波形的上升时间小于正电晕电流;电晕放电信号波形前沿陡峭,上升时间从几个ns到二十几个ns;电晕放电辐射信号的频谱成钟型连续谱,其频率范围主要集中在20~100MHz之间;极性不同,电晕放电辐射信号波形不同,并且正电晕信号幅值高于负电晕信号幅值。 相似文献
190.
Alexander Glaser 《The Nonproliferation Review》2013,20(1):125-135
Unprecedented interest in seeking progress toward nuclear disarmament exists today; even some nuclear weapon states are looking for new ways to strengthen this process. National declarations of fissile material holdings—highly enriched uranium and plutonium—could play an important role in supporting this effort, facilitating not only transparency but also the irreversibility of the process. This article discusses what kind of content such declarations could have in order to be meaningful and effective, the sequence of data on fissile material holdings that states might release, and some of the challenges to be expected in reconstructing historic fissile material production; it also summarizes current attitudes of weapon states toward making such declarations. Initial declarations can be valuable as confidence-building measures, but better and more background data are necessary if declarations are to serve as the groundwork for deeper cuts in the nuclear arsenals. A robust verification approach would ultimately require inspectors to have access to fissile material production and storage sites. The methods and tools of nuclear forensic analysis—in this context also dubbed nuclear archaeology—would be a key element of this process. This article discusses the capabilities and limitations of potential approaches to verifying declarations of historic production of plutonium and highly enriched uranium; it also identifies and discusses opportunities for further research and development. 相似文献