消防行政强制若干理论问题探析

安全是社会和谐稳定的保障,而消防安全是社会安全的主要构成要素。消防行政强制,作为保障消防执法权的有效运作,及时消除火灾隐患的手段,是消防行政管理中不可或缺的。对消防行政强制的概念进行了界定,对消防行政强制权实施的程序、原则及消防行政强制的救济途径等理论问题进行了研究,以期为消防行政强制实践提供有益的理论参考。     

浅谈我国高校招生制度改革的公平性

教育公平是构建社会主义和谐社会的一个重要内容,而招生制度公平是教育公平的重要保障。本文试图在分析我国高校招生制度公平存在问题基础上,对提高高校招生制度公平性改革做深入的探讨。     

区域防空导弹体系拦截空中目标群的效能研究

针对强敌空袭目标常以编队的形式实施空袭这一特点,运用排队论理论和概率论知识尝试解决防空导弹体系拦截空中目标群效能问题。确立了可行的效能指标,构建了两种类型的防空导弹武器系统效能评估模型,经过算例验证,该模型有一定的可行性,能够很好地为决策者提供部署拦截武器系统的理论,可以更好地发挥区域防空导弹体系的整体作战效能。     

逼近理想点法在防空兵战斗部署方案排序中的应用

针对指挥员就多个防空兵战斗部署方案难以取舍的问题,运用逼近理想点法进行排序。在分析影响防空兵战斗部署方案因素的基础上确定影响方案优劣的几个重要指标。根据现有的防空兵战斗部署方案,假设不可能存在的一个正理想方案和一个负理想方案,运用逼近理想点法,计算各个方案到理想方案的相对贴近度,得到贴近度最大的为最佳方案。通过实例分析对该方法进行了检验,可为指挥员定下决心提供参考。     

公安边防部门处置境外边民大规模涌入事件探析

近年来,境外边民大规模涌入事件时有发生,严重危害我国边境地区的安全稳定。归纳和总结境外边民涌入事件的特点,研究处置的要求和方法,为境外边民大规模涌入事件的各阶段分别制定处置方法。     

新课改背景下西部地区小学《科学》课程学与教的现状初探——以新疆石河子市为例

通过问卷调查结合访谈和观察,对石河子市小学科学课程学与教的现状进行调查,结果发现:学生对科学课具有浓厚的兴趣,且非常喜欢现行的教材,但因本区小学科学教师师资不足、专业素养不高,加之教学设备有限,教学资源匮乏,多数学校班级规模过大,导致实践环节得不到保障,影响了课程教学质量。据此,强化小学科学教师队伍建设,加大科学教育经费的投入力度,缩减班级规模,改善学习环境,是本区适应新课改提高科学课程教学质量的有效途径。     

Missile systems: “Flexible modularity” and incremental technological change in military production∗

It is often stated that technological change in the military field is characterised by the introduction of radical innovations rather than by incremental processes of technological change. This article illustrates the diversity of military innovation by arguing that technological change in missiles systems is dominated by incremental change. While some large weapons platforms display the design rigidities normally associated with complex systems, missiles are characterised by “flexible modularity”. Flexible modularity facilitates the continuous introduction of upgrades, and makes missile systems amenable to gradual technological change. Besides, it has significant implications for the future role of missile systems, and poses special problems for missile disarmament and technology control initiatives.     

AGENDA FOR DEFENSE AND PEACE ECONOMICS

This brief introduction celebrates the 20th Anniversary of the Journal, Defence and Peace Economics. Suggesting elements of an agenda for the future of this branch of economics, I raise several topics that are new and that seem to indicate that the field will expand and shift focus substantially in future years.     

DAR ES SALAAM

Countries in transition often experience increased levels of crime, making their citizens vulnerable to the exploits of criminals. The lack of reliable statistics hampers the development of sound crime reduction strategies. This essay considers the value of victim surveys as additional sources of information to augment official police data. It presents the findings of such a survey undertaken in Dar es Salaam and compares them with findings obtained in similar surveys of Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria and Johannesburg. The information obtained in the survey conducted in Dar es Salaam provides valuable insights into crime rates and patterns. In comparing the results of the survey in Dar es Salaam, some interesting trends emerged around the theft of vehicle parts and vehicle theft, violent crimes, the levels of violence employed in burglaries and the use of weapons. The information gleaned from these surveys will go far in developing crime reduction strategies and measures that will be effective and appropriately targeted.     

Don't stop with Joint Forces Command … cut AFRICOM too

Abstract

The United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) has been a military success but a strategic messaging failure. The United States’ relationships across Africa cannot be boiled down to military affairs. This paper argues that Africa has many more opportunities than challenges and thus requires a more balanced foreign policy solution from Washington DC than a new military command. For the military engagement that does need to take place, a more low-profile approach would benefit the United States in Africa.