国外坦克装甲车辆主动防护系统

从陆军装甲主动防护系统的产生、发展和应用进行了阐述;对陆军装甲主动防护系统的国际通用分类、应用现状及发展现状进行了分类介绍;就国际几种典型的陆军装甲主动防护系统进行了详细介绍;最后就陆军装甲主动防护系统进行了发展和应用前景的分析。     

窗帘幕布类产品阻燃性能质量探析

目前公共场所使用的窗帘幕布类产品阻燃性能批量检验合格率较低,其安全状况令人担忧。通过批量检验,对阻燃织物氧指数及垂直燃烧性能测定中的影响因素进行分析,在严格按照标准进行实验的基础上,重点讨论了材料的成分、纺织工艺、阻燃剂处理方式、阻燃剂浓度,涂覆均匀性及制品厚度等对纺织品阻燃性能合格率的影响。     

室内火灾轰燃喷出火焰的数值模拟研究

利用FDS软件等对小规模轰燃后火灾的喷出火焰进行了数值模拟,得到了喷出火焰的根部温度、平均温度、辐射热通量等重要参数的模拟结果;将这些模拟结果与同等条件下的实验结果进行了对比分析,发现二者之间比较吻合。研究表明：利用FDS等模拟喷出火焰的可靠性较高,根据模拟结果可以进一步研究喷出火焰的有关问题。     

粉末燃料冲压发动机内镁粉尘云层流燃烧模型

对粉末燃料冲压发动机预燃室内镁粉尘云燃烧过程进行了研究,建立了镁粉尘云的一维层流预混燃烧模型。研究表明,镁粉尘云层流火焰传播很稳定,燃烧过程中火焰结构基本不变,燃烧区很薄,而预热区厚度约是燃烧区的2-3倍。粉尘云中镁颗粒的蒸发和气相镁与氧气的均相反应是产生火焰的直接原因,也是火焰得以传播的关键。预热区气相温度升高主要靠燃烧区气体的导热和扩散过来的气相镁与氧气反应释放热量,而预热区颗粒相温度升高主要靠气相对其对流传热。分析了各参数对粉尘云燃烧的影响,颗粒相对浓度对粉尘云燃烧的影响比较复杂,在浓度较低的情况下,增大颗粒相对浓度有利于粉尘云快速燃烧;而在浓度较高的情况下,增大颗粒相对浓度则不利于粉尘云快速燃烧。随颗粒粒径的增加,火焰传播速度减小,火焰温度升高,预热区厚度增大。火焰传播速度和火焰温度随粉尘云初温增加线性增长,预热区厚度随粉尘云初温增加抛物线增长。数值模拟与文献中试验结果的变化趋势相一致。     

DAR ES SALAAM

Countries in transition often experience increased levels of crime, making their citizens vulnerable to the exploits of criminals. The lack of reliable statistics hampers the development of sound crime reduction strategies. This essay considers the value of victim surveys as additional sources of information to augment official police data. It presents the findings of such a survey undertaken in Dar es Salaam and compares them with findings obtained in similar surveys of Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria and Johannesburg. The information obtained in the survey conducted in Dar es Salaam provides valuable insights into crime rates and patterns. In comparing the results of the survey in Dar es Salaam, some interesting trends emerged around the theft of vehicle parts and vehicle theft, violent crimes, the levels of violence employed in burglaries and the use of weapons. The information gleaned from these surveys will go far in developing crime reduction strategies and measures that will be effective and appropriately targeted.     

Don't stop with Joint Forces Command … cut AFRICOM too

Abstract

The United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) has been a military success but a strategic messaging failure. The United States’ relationships across Africa cannot be boiled down to military affairs. This paper argues that Africa has many more opportunities than challenges and thus requires a more balanced foreign policy solution from Washington DC than a new military command. For the military engagement that does need to take place, a more low-profile approach would benefit the United States in Africa.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

罐顶板声发射检测及其稳定最不利点有限元分析

罐顶板的缺陷检测对于评估立式拱顶罐的使用状况有着重要的意义,它的应用有助于更好地掌握立式拱顶罐的安全状况与可靠程度。将声发射法应用于罐顶板材料的检测,并对相关的设备仪器及操作流程进行介绍。为了给检测结果提供对照和参考,利用有限元分析法对拱顶瓜皮板的稳定最不利点进行了初步分析和定位。分析结果表明：顶板中上部肋板围成的区域可能会产生稳定最不利点,该部位应作为检测时重点关注的区域。     

Ukrainian and Belorussian dimensions of Turkmenistan foreign policy: small states in a multipolar world

As the USA continues to decline both in relative and absolute terms, the global order emerges where no center of power exists. This creates a complicated and instable geopolitical situation where small states could act behind the back of the great powers. The relationship between Turkmenistan and Ukraine is the example of this sort of relationship. Whereas Ukraine wants to get cheap gas, Turkmenistan wants to find the way to sell its gas to the West. It looks as though both countries pay little attention to Russian objection and act without direct help from either the USA or other great powers.     

10W/40高温重负荷润滑油在柴油发动机上的试验

为更好地研究高原地区车辆发动机与油料的适应性,针对高原地区特殊的地理环境气候特点,选用10W/40高温重负荷润滑油,对其进行了理化性能分析、350 h台架可靠性试验及高原实际行车试验。结果表明:该型润滑油具有优良的抗氧抗腐性、清净分散性和抗磨性,可满足高原地区大功率、重负荷柴油发动机的用油要求。