通孔与闭孔泡沫铝水下隔声性能实验研究

对空气饱和与水饱和两种情况下的通孔泡沫铝以及闭孔泡沫铝开展了水下隔声性能实验研究。实验结果表明:在[500,4 000]Hz范围内,水饱和通孔泡沫铝和闭孔泡沫铝具有良好的隔声性能,而空气饱和通孔泡沫铝水下隔声性能相对较弱。与现有橡胶类水声去耦材料相比,水饱和通孔泡沫铝具有良好的低频、宽带隔声特性以及耐压且不受温度的影响等特点,可以作为一种潜在的性能优良的水声去耦材料。     

超重力下燃烧合成Al2O3-ZrO2（4Y）共晶陶瓷的自挤压工艺研究

引入自挤压工艺辅助超重力下燃烧合成制备Al2O3-ZrO2（4Y）共晶复合陶瓷,可有效地消除陶瓷制品的缩孔、缩松组织等缺陷,陶瓷致密性得到明显提高,同时又有效地抑制陶瓷裂纹萌生。XRD分析显示共晶陶瓷由α-Al2O3,t-ZrO2及少量的m-ZrO2三相组成,且随自挤压力增大,陶瓷中可相变的t-ZrO2的体积分数增加。SEM观察发现陶瓷的显微组织中的棒状共晶团随自挤压力的增大而细化,体积分数增加,且分布其上的t-ZrO2纤维直径变小,共晶团组织边缘处的ZrO2枝晶逐渐转变为细小的球晶,共晶团边界组织厚度逐渐减小,从而使陶瓷力学性能得以提升。     

B4C/Al复合板中应力波行为分析（Ⅰ）

依据7.62mm穿甲燃烧弹与B4C,Al板的物理和力学特性,提出弹、板的力学模型;在此基础上,给出弹板碰撞后B4C/Al复合板的弹性动力学方程,建立应力波的传播模型,讨论了应力波传播时复合板的力学行为,最后确定了复合板承受的初始冲击应力。理论分析表明：一维应变条件的B4C和Al板的弹性极限高于一维应力条件下的值;弹、板间的作用力服从指数衰减规律;B4C板的初始应力高于430MPa时,应力波的作用使Al板在卸载过程中发生反向屈服。     

The impact of Islamic State’s ideological correction initiative on al Qaeda’s bid for relevance

ABSTRACT

Al Qaeda following 9-11 experienced a period of stagnation which it sought to remedy through a project of re-branding. Critical of this approach, Islamic State claimed that al Qaeda was an elitist organization that had facilitated the stagnation of the Salafi Jihadist project. In an attempted to claim dominance over the jihad, Islamic State’s endeavored to discredit al Qaeda through a process it presented as ideological correction, linked to Islamic eschatology, sectarian agitation, permissive violence, and the caliphate. Following Islamic State’s acquisition of vast territory in Iraq and Syria, arguments proliferated that Islamic State had surpassed al Qaeda. As the caliphate has collapsed what effects will this have on al Qaeda’s fortunes and strategy? It is argued that Islamic State has provided al Qaeda’s strategic approach with renewed vigour to help ensure its survival and pursue resurgence. Al Qaeda acting in concert with the meta-strategy for survival concept, has altered an existential threat into an advantage through disavowing Islamic State’s methods, continuing to engage with localism, and pursuing rebranding by positioning itself as a moderate alternative. The cases of al Qaeda affiliates in Yemen, Syria, West Africa, and South Asia are instructive in assessing the effectiveness of al Qaeda’s resurgence.     

The properties of Sn–Zn–Al–La fusible alloy for mitigation devices of solid propellant rocket motors

The Al and La elements are added to the Sn9Zn alloy to obtain the fusible alloy for the mitigation devices of solid propellant rocket motors. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), tensile testing and fracture analysis were used to study the effect of Al and La elements on the microstructure, melting characteristics, and mechanical properties of the Sn9Zn alloy. Whether the fusible diaphragm can effectively relieve pressure was investigated by the hydrostatic pressure at high-temperature test. Experimental results show that the melting point of the Sn9Zn-0.8Al0·2La and Sn9Zn–3Al0·2La fusible alloys can meet the predetermined working temperature of ventilation. The mechanical properties of those are more than 35% higher than that of the Sn9Zn alloy at −50 °C–70 °C, and the mechanical strength is reduced by 80% at 175 °C. It is proven by the hydrostatic pressure at high-temperature test that the fusible diaphragm can relieve pressure effectively and can be used for the design of the mitigation devices of solid propellant rocket motors.     

FBN和JF402在泡沫洗消剂中的展开作用及其对泡沫性能的影响

研究了FBN、JF402 2种碳氟表面活性剂与发泡剂配伍后形成的水溶液在油面上的铺展及泡沫性能（发泡力和稳定性）。结果表明FBN、JF402的加入可提高体系的铺展能力。FBN的铺展性能好于JF402,但JF402泡沫性能好于FBN。     

关于控制使用水成膜泡沫灭火剂的思考

水成膜泡沫灭火剂（AFFF）在扑救B类火灾中发挥重要作用,但其含有的C8类氟碳表面活性剂具有环境难降解性和生物累积性,对生态系统和人体健康具有危害作用.为此,关注消防行业带来的环境污染问题、开展AFFF环境安全管理研究具有重要的理论和现实意义.介绍了传统水成膜泡沫灭火剂的组成、应用,阐述了传统水成膜泡沫灭火剂引起的环境污染和人体健康问题,提出了新型绿色水成膜泡沫灭火剂的开发思路,以及水成膜泡沫灭火剂的环境安全管理对策.     

Influence of yttrium on microstructure and properties of Ni–Al alloy coatings prepared by laser cladding

Ni–Al alloy coatings with different Y additions are prepared on 45^# medium steel by laser cladding. The influence of Y contents on the microstructure and properties of Ni–Al alloy coatings is investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, Vickers hardness tester, friction wear testing machine, and thermal analyzer. The results show that the cladding layers are mainly composed of NiAl dendrites, and the dendrites are gradually refined with the increase in Y additions. The purification effect of Y can effectively prevent Al₂O₃ oxide from forming. However, when the atomic percent of Y addition exceeds 1.5%, the extra Y addition will react with O to form Y₂O₃ oxide, even to form Al₅Y₃O₁₂ oxide, depending on the amount of Y added. The Y addition in a range of 1.5–3.5 at.% reduces the hardness and anti-attrition of cladding layer, but improves obviously its wear and oxidation resistances.     

网状聚氨酯泡沫吸附储存汽油技术的研究进展

SFAM技术是吸附储存燃料油的一项新技术,具有很好的储存安全性和可靠性。利用网状聚氨酯泡沫将汽油进行吸附储存,是对SFAM技术的实践运用。以网状聚氨酯泡沫为实体,研究吸附储存燃料油的基础理论,了解和掌握国内外相关理论的研究进展情况,对进一步推进SFAM技术的发展具有重要意义。     

金属泡沫复合材料夹芯结构的压痕响应实验

金属泡沫夹芯结构是近年来新出现的一种明显具有结构和功能一体化特点的新型轻质材料,它在临近空间飞行器、航海及汽车等领域有着广阔的应用前景。以以纤维增强复合材料面板、闭孔泡沫铝芯子为特征的复合材料夹芯结构为研究对象,对其在球形压头作用下的压痕响应、损伤模式、变形机制和失效机理进行理论分析和实验研究。研究发现,泡沫铝复合材料夹芯结构的压痕响应是夹芯结构的各个组成部分的响应、相互作用以及压头属性的综合作用结果。泡沫铝复合材料夹芯结构在球压头作用下的损伤模式为基体开裂、纤维断裂、层间分层、泡沫铝的屈服及剪切断裂五种失效模式。