Optimal capacity in a coordinated supply chain

We consider a supply chain in which a retailer faces a stochastic demand, incurs backorder and inventory holding costs and uses a periodic review system to place orders from a manufacturer. The manufacturer must fill the entire order. The manufacturer incurs costs of overtime and undertime if the order deviates from the planned production capacity. We determine the optimal capacity for the manufacturer in case there is no coordination with the retailer as well as in case there is full coordination with the retailer. When there is no coordination the optimal capacity for the manufacturer is found by solving a newsvendor problem. When there is coordination, we present a dynamic programming formulation and establish that the optimal ordering policy for the retailer is characterized by two parameters. The optimal coordinated capacity for the manufacturer can then be obtained by solving a nonlinear programming problem. We present an efficient exact algorithm and a heuristic algorithm for computing the manufacturer's capacity. We discuss the impact of coordination on the supply chain cost as well as on the manufacturer's capacity. We also identify the situations in which coordination is most beneficial. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Factors that affect the optimal amount of central control in complex systems

Whereas much of the previous research in complex systems has focused on emergent properties resulting from self‐organization of the individual agents that make up the system, this article studies one vital role of central organization. In particular, four factors are conjectured to be key in determining the optimal amount of central control. To validate this hypothesis, these factors are represented as controllable parameters in a mathematical model. For different combinations of parameter values, the optimal amount of central control is found, either analytically or by computer simulation. The model is shown to provide results that match well with the level of control found across a broad spectrum of specific complex systems. This model also provides general guidelines as to how combinations of these factors affect the desirable level of control and specific guidelines for selecting and evaluating leaders. These results indicate that all of these factors, though not exhaustive, should be considered carefully when attempting to determine the amount of control that is best for a system. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

一种无缓冲的光互连网络的吞吐率性能分析及优化

针对当前高性能计算机光互连网络中存在的光缓冲不易实现的问题,提出了一种无缓冲的光互连网络结构BOIN,并在对网络结构进行建模和分析的基础上,研究了网络的吞吐率随不同的输入负载和网络规模而变化的规律,给出了在一定的互连总规模和输入负载下,网络实际吞吐率达到最大值时网络拓扑结构所必须满足的条件.最后用模拟实验证明了这一结果的正确性.     

深海潜水器ARV关键技术

较为详细地介绍了一种全新概念的深海潜水器(ARV),此潜水器综合了自治水下机器人(AUV)和遥控水下机器人(ROV)的各自优势,既可以像AUV一样依靠预设指令进行自主巡航,又可以像ROV一样,通过水面视频画面控制进行精细作业。其最大的特点是用微细光缆代替了传统的脐带电缆,使ARV更具远距离、大深度、实时操作、机动灵活等特点。介绍了其系统组成、关键技术和国内外发展水平及其发展的重要意义。     

基于自由空间光的无人机集群通信载荷技术发展现状与趋势

对基于自由空间光(Free Space Optical,FSO)的无人机集群通信载荷技术应用需求进行了归纳总结,论述了 FSO通信技术及应用在无人机载荷的国内外发展现状,展望了高速移动通信环境下无人机集群FSO通信载荷技术的未来发展趋势,进一步深入分析了应用于无人机集群的FSO通信链路的关键技术.可以预见,基于FSO的...     

超高精度离子束抛光工具设计与性能分析

为了解决高精度光学修形问题,进行离子束抛光工具的设计与性能分析研究。通过开展离子束抛光工具设计方法的研究、聚焦离子光学系统结构设计和离子束流特性的分析,进行计算机仿真研究和中和器一体化设计;研制聚焦离子光学系统和中和器,并采用15mm和10mm的聚焦离子光学系统进行修形加工实验,将口径150mm的熔石英平面镜从初始面形误差RMS15.58nm修正到RMS0.79nm。结果证明了聚焦离子光学系统设计的有效性,一体化离子束抛光工具具有亚纳米精度的修形能力。     

稳像观察镜Z轴测量图像采集光学系统设计

提出一种明显改善稳像观察镜Z轴测量环境的新型检测装置,该装置将测试靶面及光学系统集成在一个平行光管内,减小了检测设备体积和调校环节, 提高了工作效率,对改进稳像观瞄系统参数的测量有一定的参考价值。     

Tail hazard rate ordering properties of order statistics and coherent systems

We study tail hazard rate ordering properties of coherent systems using the representation of the distribution of a coherent system as a mixture of the distributions of the series systems obtained from its path sets. Also some ordering properties are obtained for order statistics which, in this context, represent the lifetimes of k‐out‐of‐n systems. We pay special attention to systems with components satisfying the proportional hazard rate model or with exponential, Weibull and Pareto type II distributions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

小波变换在电力系统谐波检测中的应用

将小波变换方法应用于电力系统谐波检测中,用仿真算例说明该方法具有一定的有效性和可行性;用不同的小波函数进行了基频分量提取,给出了误差比较结果,初步分析了小波变换用于谐波检测时产生误差的主要原因.     

Progressive Type‐II censoring and coherent systems

A new connection between the distribution of component failure times of a coherent system and (adaptive) progressively Type‐II censored order statistics is established. Utilizing this property, we develop inferential procedures when the data is given by all component failures until system failure in two scenarios: In the case of complete information, we assume that the failed component is also observed whereas in the case of incomplete information, we have only information about the failure times but not about the components which have failed. In the first setting, we show that inferential methods for adaptive progressively Type‐II censored data can directly be applied to the problem. For incomplete information, we face the problem that the corresponding censoring plan is not observed and that the available inferential procedures depend on the knowledge of the used censoring plan. To get estimates for distributional parameters, we propose maximum likelihood estimators which can be obtained by solving the likelihood equations directly or via an Expectation‐Maximization‐algorithm type procedure. For an exponential distribution, we discuss also a linear estimator to estimate the mean. Moreover, we establish exact distributions for some estimators in the exponential case which can be used, for example, to construct exact confidence intervals. The results are illustrated by a five component bridge system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 512–530, 2015