“Leading from behind”: neoclassical realism and operation Odyssey Dawn

In March 2011, President Barack Obama ordered US air and naval forces to commence Operation Odyssey Dawn in Libya to impose a no-fly zone. The decision by the Obama Administration to intervene in a limited and supporting role in Libya is an important development in US foreign policy. Operation Odyssey Dawn presents scholars with a valuable opportunity to analyze and explore how US foreign policy is made and what roles domestic politics and elite perceptions play in decisions to use force. The author argues that neoclassical realism is a useful and compelling theoretic framework with which to analyze Operation Odyssey Dawn. While the Administration intervened in response to perceived external-level threats to US national interests, salient intervening domestic-level variables and elite perceptions shaped and guided the tenor and scope of the operation.     

应用径向基代理模型实现序列自适应再采样优化策略

针对径向基插值代理模型样本点预测误差为零时无法获得误差函数进行序列再采样优化的问题,将样本点分布约束引入序列再采样过程,利用潜在最优解加速收敛性,提出一种适用于径向基插值代理模型序列优化的再采样策略,该策略兼顾仿真模型的输出响应特性与样本点的空间分布特性。仿真结果表明,使用该再采样策略后,算法寻优效率和精度均优于传统基于代理模型的优化方法,在对最优解进行有效预测的同时,能显著减少原始模型计算次数。     

有源干扰条件下基于NSGA-Ⅱ的雷达网优化部署方法

在有源干扰条件下,雷达网部署直接影响着防区内指挥信息系统的预警监测能力。由于防区内由分散于不同位置,且重要度不同的责任区组成的,那么实现全方位全纵深的预警能力,将是雷达网部署的重要方面。根据覆盖系数和重叠系数为主要优化目标,基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行多目标优化。首先定义了覆盖系数和全局重叠系数两个指标,尤其是全局重叠系数打破了以往重叠系数的概念,从全局出发引导雷达网优化部署;同时,提出基于NSGA-Ⅱ的多目标优化部署算法,采用诱导跳跃、基因到位、诱导交叉等候选解生成方式,保持种群多样性,提高算法收敛性。实验表明,部署优化算法耗时较低,不同干扰源部署态势使网络节点部署产生较大差异,多样的候选解生成方法明显提高了算法的收敛速度。     

转型期再分配中存在的问题及其治理对策

转型期再分配中存在的问题既有认识上的 ,也有操作上的 ,既包括理论研究层面 ,也涵盖政策设计领域。具体问题包括对再分配原因的认识、目标的选择、问题的认定、地位的判断、功能的界定与作用的发挥、主体的确定与手段的运用等。要治理这些问题 ,就必须强化原因认识、规范目标选择、准确认定问题、科学判断地位、合理界定功能、有效发挥作用、完善主体、健全手段     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

A sequential dynamic pricing model and its applications

Consider a sequential dynamic pricing model where a seller sells a given stock to a random number of customers. Arriving one at a time, each customer will purchase one item if the product price is lower than her personal reservation price. The seller's objective is to post a potentially different price for each customer in order to maximize the expected total revenue. We formulate the seller's problem as a stochastic dynamic programming model, and develop an algorithm to compute the optimal policy. We then apply the results from this sequential dynamic pricing model to the case where customers arrive according to a continuous‐time point process. In particular, we derive tight bounds for the optimal expected revenue, and develop an asymptotically optimal heuristic policy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

Development programs for one‐shot systems using multiple‐state design reliability models

Design reliability at the beginning of a product development program is typically low, and development costs can account for a large proportion of total product cost. We consider how to conduct development programs (series of tests and redesigns) for one‐shot systems (which are destroyed at first use or during testing). In rough terms, our aim is to both achieve high final design reliability and spend as little of a fixed budget as possible on development. We employ multiple‐state reliability models. Dynamic programming is used to identify a best test‐and‐redesign strategy and is shown to be presently computationally feasible for at least 5‐state models. Our analysis is flexible enough to allow for the accelerated stress testing needed in the case of ultra‐high reliability requirements, where testing otherwise provides little information on design reliability change. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

战时不完全信息战术导弹需求量预测方法

针对传统方法难以实现战时信息不完备条件下导弹需求量预测的问题,提出了一种基于粗糙集的战术导弹需求量预测方法。在对战术导弹需求量影响因素分析的基础上,建立了战术导弹需求量预测不完备决策信息表。利用相容关系对不完备决策信息表中对象分类,并采用差别函数方法求解各对象的相对约简,从而获取战术导弹需求量的最优广义规则集。算例验证了方法的有效性。     

“Flectas non frangas”: revisiting early twenty-first century UK–US defense relations (2000–2005) after five years

Adopting the analytical framework of the established interpretive “schools” of Anglo-American relations, this article offers several reflections on UK–US defense relations as they occurred over the significant years of 2000–2005. During those years, trajectories were established on which UK–US defense relations continue to travel today and outcomes emerged which are still being navigated. This article concludes that the Latin phrase, “Flectas Non Frangas” (essentially translated as: “Bend not Break”), is the most appropriate to adopt to characterize the developments undergone in recent UK–US defense relations. Many historical and strategic lessons with contemporary relevance are drawn.     

舰载无人机光电载荷对岸射击观测最佳收容面积模型

摘 要：基于对舰炮对岸射击时弹着在斜面上的散布、射击诸元误差和射击误差的分析与建模,建立了舰载无人机光电载荷对岸射击观测最小需求收容面积和最佳收容面积的计算模型。通过对该模型的求解,可以确定出满足最佳收容面积的对岸射击观测参数,为舰载无人机光电载荷实用对岸射击观测参数的确定奠定了基础。