Perspectives for the development of key industrial capabilities for Canada’s defence sector

With the Canada First Defence Strategy, Canada has put forth a major opportunity to reconcile national security imperatives and industrial policy. The Jenkins Report (2013) set out to examine ways to use that procurement effort to foster key industrial capabilities (KICs) that would put the Canadian defence industry at an advantage both nationally and internationally. The Canadian defence industry should then develop highly focused capabilities with a view to moving up global value chains. As such, KICs that hold the best potential should be selected. They should be sustained through a range of strategies that are however contingent on the elimination of policy gaps. This leads to a balancing act between the need to control intellectual property assets versus accessing them in a world where national boundaries are eroded. Canada’s industry should target opportunities outside North America while continuing to focus on better integration with the North American industry.     

Evasion policies for a vessel being chased by pirate skiffs

Piracy attack is a serious safety problem for maritime transport worldwide. Whilst various strategic actions can be taken, such as rerouting vessels and strengthening navy patrols, this still cannot completely eliminate the possibility of a piracy attack. It is therefore important for a commercial vessel to be equipped with operational solutions in case of piracy attacks. In particular, the choice of a direction for rapidly fleeing is a critical decision for the vessel. In this article, we formulate such a problem as a nonlinear optimal control problem. We consider various policies, such as maintaining a straight direction or making turns, develop algorithms to optimize the policies, and derive conditions under which these policies are effective and safe. Our work can be used as a real‐time decision making tool that enables a vessel master to evaluate different scenarios and quickly make decisions.     

Drone Strikes and Grand Strategy: Toward a Political Understanding of the Uses of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attacks in US Security Policy

This article analyzes the political utility of US drone strikes theoretically and deductively. Placing strikes within the context of the theorized political functions of force and considering how they fit into two grand strategies, restraint and selective engagement, I argue that these strikes buy the United States relatively little in the way of political effects assuring its own security because the terrorism threat they are intended to combat is a limited one within the skein of US global interests. Furthermore, their contribution to counter-terrorism efforts is likely to diminish with the adoption of armed drones by non-state actors. Drone strikes can, however, provide leverage over recalcitrant US client states while reassuring liberal partners and giving them some leverage over US choices. In addition, within the counter-terrorism sphere, drone strikes are less likely to inflame popular opinion than are alternative uses of force. This analysis contributes to an increasingly rigorous examination of the strikes’ role in US foreign and security policy.     

射频隐身反隐身E&V系统的设计与实现

针对战机射频隐身性能很难评估的现实问题,提出一种射频隐身反隐身实验与验证半实物仿真系统的设计与实现方法。该系统不仅能对战机的射频隐身性能进行验证,同时还可以对飞机的隐身波形、辐射策略等设计提供理论依据和实验支撑。在分析辐射信号模型以及截获模型的基础上,详细介绍了该系统的各功能组成和结构框图。该系统可以开展对于射频隐身的作战需求、管控模型、使用准则等方面的定量研究,对于提高战机的生存能力、突防能力和作战能力具有重要的意义。     

时变最优条件数的目标要素解算方法

纯方位目标跟踪是一个典型的非线性问题,伪线性跟踪估计器是理论和工程上解决该问题的一类重要方法。针对纯方位观测模型伪线性化后,系统存在弱可观测性问题,提出了一种时变最优条件数的目标要素解算新方法,理论上给出了一个改善系统可观测性的最优乘数因子。在系统条件数和参数估计的收敛概率两个方面,数值仿真和实验数据验证都表明新方法要优于经典纯方位伪线性化方法。     

Resource allocation in an asymmetric technology race with temporary advantages

We consider two opponents that compete in developing asymmetric technologies where each party's technology is aimed at damaging (or neutralizing) the other's technology. The situation we consider is different than the classical problem of commercial R&D races in two ways: First, while in commercial R&D races the competitors compete over the control of market share, in our case the competition is about the effectiveness of technologies with respect to certain capabilities. Second, in contrast with the “winner‐takes‐all” assumption that characterizes much of the literature on this field in the commercial world, we assume that the party that wins the race gains a temporary advantage that expires when the other party develops a superior technology. We formulate a variety of models that apply to a one‐sided situation, where one of the two parties has to determine how much to invest in developing a technology to counter another technology employed by the other party. The decision problems are expressed as (convex) nonlinear optimization problems. We present an application that provides some operational insights regarding optimal resource allocation. We also consider a two‐sided situation and develop a Nash equilibrium solution that sets investment values, so that both parties have no incentive to change their investments. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 59: 128–145, 2012     

策略不确定条件下基于高阶超博弈的军事对抗决策方法

军事对抗决策中面临的一个主要问题是难以确定敌方的策略集。基于超博弈分析策略不确定条件下的军事对抗决策问题。在分析超博弈中信念迭代原理的基础上,提出了基于高阶超博弈的对抗决策方法。将高阶信念中的结果反思到低阶信念,并最终反思到一阶信念中,将己方的决策建立在对敌方可能决策的分析的基础上。使得己方的决策具有针对性且更加合理。以二战中西线战役为例验证了方法的可行性和有效性。     

航天器在轨防碰撞自主规避策略

论文提出了航天器与空间目标距离较近时的自主规避策略。分析了航天器与目标的相对运动模型,将相对运动分解为视线瞬时旋转平面内的运动与该平面的转动。对视线瞬时平面内的运动进行了分析,推导了航天器的最佳规避方向。探讨了在三维惯性空间中该方向的确定方法。通过仿真分析,对比了航天器具有不同规避加速度和不同探测距离时,通过机动所得脱靶量的大小,验证了航天器近距离自主规避策略的有效性。     

大学生问题行为及对策浅析

本文从心理学的角度分析了大学生常见的问题行为,对问题行为的性质、外部表现、心理特征及应对措施作了详尽分析,集中讨论了人格不适、失恋、考试焦虑及人格障碍等方面的问题,以期有助于大学生问题行为的处理。     

船舶动力机械混合隔振系统的优化设计

综合分析了混合隔振的原理,揭示了混合隔振的实质就是被动隔振系统和主动隔振系统的多目标联合优化问题.针对船舶中常用的双层隔振系统,进行了混合隔振优化设计和数值仿真.仿真结果表明,混合隔振技术在船舶动力机械隔振方面有着广阔的应用前景.