舰船最优概念设计方案的构造方法研究

在舰船概念设计阶段,设计者往往需要从大量设计方案中筛选优秀方案,此问题属于多属性多目标优化的问题,而进化算法的兴起为此类问题的解决提供了较好的途径.针对进化算法中Pareto最优解集的特点,结合舰船设计实际,提出一种新的构造最优解集的方法--提取法.案例验证表明,提取法是合理和有效的.     

Coordinated dynamic control of marketing and production

We study the dynamic profit maximization problem for a firm exercising control on both marketing and production. The firs marketing effort impacts the current‐period demand, which in turn affects future demand in a dissipating fashion. Under linear‐cost and zero‐leadtime assumptions, we show that the firm should follow base‐point rules for both marketing and production, whereas trends of the base points reflect a certain complementarity between marketing and production. We obtain comparable results when marketing costs are convex. Our computational study identifies conditions under which simple fixed‐marketing‐effort and fixed‐marketing‐target heuristics would perform well. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

Optimal design of accelerated life testing plans for periodical replacement with penalty

Accelerated life testing (ALT), enhanced by optimal test plans, has been widely accepted in practice as a quick approach for estimating the reliability of a product. From the estimation result, preventive maintenance schedules can be determined to ensure the performance of the product under its normal operating conditions. By default, maintenance decision‐making is regarded as the last and least rewarding step. However, sometimes the maintenance schedules, such as preventive maintenance intervals, are predetermined due to customer concerns and/or by various mandatory regulations and rules. Under such circumstances, how to accurately estimate the expenditure (e.g., on maintenance or spare parts management) associated with these maintenance requirements becomes an important issue. A viable solution is to incorporate the maintenance requirements into ALT plans. This paper provides an approach for the optimal design of ALT plans oriented by a mandatory periodical replacement schedule subject to a discounted penalty. The objective is to improve the estimation accuracy of the economic impact of this maintenance requirement. A numerical experiment is provided to demonstrate the approach in practical use. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

气动力/推力矢量复合控制空空导弹最佳转弯规律

针对气动力/推力矢量复合控制空空导弹大离轴角发射的快速转弯问题,根据bang-bang控制理论,给出了导弹终端弹道角受限情况下,以最大末速为性能指标的最佳转弯规律.针对空空导弹纯气动力控制和复合控制两种情况,分别进行了初制导弹道的设计和仿真.结果显示,在中空低速发射时,采用后者转弯性能明显高于纯气动力控制导弹,而当初速高于1.2 Ma时,二者转弯性能非常接近.     

空投设备缓冲气囊的优化设计

简述了气囊缓冲的机理及工作过程,建立了气囊缓冲过程的理论分析模型及气囊参数优化数学模型。利用ISIGHT建立气囊优化模型,选择遗传算法对空投设备缓冲气囊的主辅气囊排气孔面积、气囊高度和主辅气囊体积比进行优化。优化后的结果对空投试验具有很好的指导意义,可减少气囊设计试验次数从而降低试验成本。     

弹着时间可控的机动目标多弹协同制导律*

针对机动目标的多导弹齐射攻击,运用最优控制和卡尔曼滤波理论探索机动目标下弹着时间可控制导律问题。设计了一种最优弹着时间可控的制导律,它由指定弹着时间和预计弹着时间的误差作为反馈信号与传统比例制导律结合推导得出,称之为弹着时间可控制导律（Impact-time-control Guidance Law,简称ITCG）,同时利用卡尔曼滤波估计了目标加速度。通过对作战模型情况的仿真,可以看出这种新型的制导律应用于引导多发导弹以指定时间同时攻击目标时的有效性和可行性。     

Expansion planning for waste‐to‐energy systems using waste forecast prediction sets

We consider an expansion planning problem for Waste‐to‐Energy (WtE) systems facing uncertainty in future waste supplies. The WtE expansion plans are regarded as strategic, long term decisions, while the waste distribution and treatment are medium to short term operational decisions which can adapt to the actual waste collected. We propose a prediction set uncertainty model which integrates a set of waste generation forecasts and is constructed based on user‐specified levels of forecasting errors. Next, we use the prediction sets for WtE expansion scenario analysis. More specifically, for a given WtE expansion plan, the guaranteed net present value (NPV) is evaluated by computing an extreme value forecast trajectory of future waste generation from the prediction set that minimizes the maximum NPV of the WtE project. This problem is essentially a multiple stage min‐max dynamic optimization problem. By exploiting the structure of the WtE problem, we show this is equivalent to a simpler min‐max optimization problem, which can be further transformed into a single mixed‐integer linear program. Furthermore, we extend the model to optimize the guaranteed NPV by searching over the set of all feasible expansion scenarios, and show that this can be solved by an exact cutting plane approach. We also propose a heuristic based on a constant proportion distribution rule for the WtE expansion optimization model, which reduces the problem into a moderate size mixed‐integer program. Finally, our computational studies demonstrate that our proposed expansion model solutions are very stable and competitive in performance compared to scenario tree approaches. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 47–70, 2016     

EHW实现过程中VHDL程序自动生成研究

论述了在基于FPGA的EHW内进化实验中特定格式的染色体编码表示和相应的VHDL程序自动生成的基本概念,制定了具体规则和方法,奠定了硬件进化及评估过程实现全自动运行的基础,并对自动生成的结果予以实际验证。该方法能在使用不同的FPGA芯片作为演化载体时,避免对不同的数据流进行格式分析,以便在通用的EDA环境中,直接实现以二进制数串表示的染色体自动处理和相关配置文件的形成。按此方式可在很大程度上摆脱对某些固定类型FPGA芯片的依赖,有助于建立方便、实用的EHW环境。     

基于声自导鱼雷发现概率的本艇机动优化指标

针对纯方位被动定位与跟踪,以提高武器打击效能为目的,提出鱼雷武器发现概率最大的本艇机动优化指标。对指标进行寻优,得到本艇最优轨迹,通过对轨迹形状、性质的分析以及与工程机动轨迹进行定位精度、鱼雷武器打击效能的比较,证明了该指标对处于理论研究阶段的本艇机动问题有积极的参考价值。     

布达拉宫古建筑灭火设施优化配置研究

为配合布达拉宫的消防工程改造,优化其建筑灭火设施的配置,针对现阶段布达拉宫建筑灭火设施现状,剖析了其存在的问题和缺陷,介绍了国外文物古建筑消防保护的理念,阐明了古建筑灭火设施优化配置应遵循的原则,通过对各类灭火设施保护宫殿的可行性和适用性分析,提出了布达拉宫古建筑灭火设施优化配置方案。