Consecutive k‐within‐m‐out‐of‐n:F system with exchangeable components

As a generalization of k‐out‐of‐n:F and consecutive k‐out‐of‐n:F systems, the consecutive k‐within‐m‐out‐of‐n:F system consists of n linearly ordered components such that the system fails iff there are m consecutive components which include among them at least k failed components. In this article, the reliability properties of consecutive k‐within‐m‐out‐of‐n:F systems with exchangeable components are studied. The bounds and approximations for the survival function are provided. A Monte Carlo estimator of system signature is obtained and used to approximate survival function. The results are illustrated and numerics are provided for an exchangeable multivariate Pareto distribution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2009     

联邦滤波器的SINS/GNS/DVS水下组合导航

针对现有的水下导航系统不能全面满足AUV导航的需要,为了提高水下航行器组合导航系统长时间远航程的隐蔽性,可靠性及精度,提出了一种基于联邦滤波器的惯性导航系统、地磁导航、多普勒速度声纳的组合导航方案,并采用简化自适应卡尔曼算法对水下航行器组合导航系统进行误差估计,解决了传统卡尔曼滤波容易发散的问题.仿真结果表明,在SINS/GNS/DVS组合导航中采用该算法,提高了定位精度,保证了滤波的快速性,验证了该算法的可行性和正确性.     

Dynamic signatures and their use in comparing the reliability of new and used systems

The signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]^n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的机动目标航迹跟踪

针对高速飞行目标航迹跟踪问题,进行了扩展卡尔曼滤波的曲线拟和仿真试验研究.首先建立目标跟踪的数学模型,确定了系统对应的参数及状态方程,进而将线性卡尔曼滤波器进行扩展,将函数形式的滤波模型在函数自变量估计值附近进行泰勒级数展开,求导获得相应雅克比矩阵,在获得观测及系统误差的基础上,得到针对此问题的扩展卡尔曼滤波方程.仿真结果表明该方法的有效性.     

并联TBCC动力对高超声速飞行器性能的影响

针对马赫数为6的一级高超声速巡航飞行器的动力需求,提出涡轮/亚燃冲压/双模态超燃冲压组合动力（T/RJ/DMSJ）和射流预冷涡轮/亚燃冲压/双模态超燃冲压组合动力(PCT/RJ/DMSJ)两种方案。在给定的飞行任务下,分析起飞推重比分别为0.8和1.0时,飞行器完成任务时的航程和飞行时间,并对比了PCT/RJ/DMSJ在两种工作模态下的性能。研究结果表明：在相同的起飞推重比下,两种组合动力方案的航程和飞行时间相差不大。当起飞推重比为0.8时,采用PCT/RJ/DMSJ组合动力方案比T/RJ/DMSJ组合动力方案的航程高出3.6%,飞行时间高出3.8%;当起飞推重比为1.0时,PCT/RJ/DMSJ的航程和飞行时间比T/RJ/DMSJ的分别高出4.6%和4.8%。在小推重比下,跨声速段的燃料消耗和飞行时间占整个加速爬升段的比例较大,随着推重比的增加,这个比例减小,巡航可用的燃料比例增大,巡航距离增加,提高起飞推重比可以提高超声速飞行器的航程并缩短飞行时间。     

仿生自修复硬件多层结构模型

针对仿生自修复硬件细胞间信号传输复杂、效率低等问题,借鉴内分泌系统中激素的传输方式,提出基于片上网络和近邻连接的4层仿生自修复硬件结构模型,并以实现有限脉冲响应滤波器为例,对模型进行详细论述。基于该模型的自修复硬件,具有灵活的布线能力与良好的容错能力,表明该模型为高可靠性自修复硬件设计提供了新途径。     

GNSS自适应天线相位中心评估方法

自适应天线在波束形成过程中会引起天线相位中心变化,针对这一问题,提出一种基于可用波束的自适应天线相位中心评估方法。该方法分为三步:设置天线的可用波束门限;在干扰来向均匀分布下,得到天线可用波束门限内相位方向图集合;利用最小二乘法对相位方向图集合进行拟合得到自适应天线的平均相位中心变化量。运用该方法对四种典型的四元阵相位中心进行对比仿真,结果表明,算法可以快速有效地对自适应天线相位中心性能进行评估。另外,通过设置适当的可用波束门限,可以提高自适应天线的相位中心性能。算法的评估结果可以作为GNSS高精度自适应天线阵型选择依据。     

新的自适应渐消扩展卡尔曼滤波在GPS定位中的应用

当实际数据出现突变时,基于最小二乘、扩展卡尔曼滤波的GPS定位解算存在定位结果精度低和稳定性差的问题。提出一种自适应渐消扩展卡尔曼滤波算法,通过自适应渐消迭代系统噪声协方差,来实现抑制数据突变影响。试验结果表明:该算法相比最小二乘、扩展卡尔曼滤波,其定位精度有所提高;相比传统渐消扩展卡尔曼滤波,其收敛速度、稳定性有所提高。     

SS-IUKF算法及其在成像声纳组合导航中的应用

利用成像声纳对海底进行探测时需要高精度的导航信息。针对导航高维滤波问题,文中在球面单形sigma点变换的基础上,将其与迭代UKF相结合,提出了球面单形迭代无迹卡尔曼滤波(SS-IUKF)算法,并应用于捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)/多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)组合导航系统。仿真结果表明,SS-IUKF算法相比UKF、SR-UKF、EKF算法提高了滤波精度和计算速度,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

变速跳频通信抗跟踪干扰性能的研究

针对常规跳频通信抗跟踪干扰能力差的问题,分析跟踪干扰原理,提出变速跳频通信。建立数学模型,在干扰容限、压制比和追踪概率方面进行理论分析,分析变速跳频通信抗跟踪干扰对误码率的性能,并用MATLAB进行仿真验证。