Tests for homogeneity of distributions of component lifetimes from system lifetime data with known system signatures

In this article, we discuss the problem of testing the homogeneity of distributions of component lifetimes based on system lifetime data when the system signatures are known. Both parametric and nonparametric procedures are developed for this problem. For nonparametric testing, the Mann–Whitney‐type statistic is used, and its performance and limitations are discussed. Next, we assume the component lifetimes to follow exponential distributions and then develop different parametric tests. Exact and asymptotic methods are developed based on the method of moments estimators. A Monte Carlo simulation study is used to compare the performance of different parametric procedures with that of the nonparametric procedure. Based on the results of the simulation study, discussions and practical recommendations are made and finally some concluding remarks are provided. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 550–563, 2015     

假设检验在军事工程应用中的若干问题

对假设检验这一统计学工具在军事工程应用中值得注意的若干问题进行了探讨,包括假设的设置、检验门限的设置和统计量的构造等,这些问题在理论上有一些一般的指导,但在实际工程应用中,需要根据具体问题进行设计,这中间涉及一些技巧和经验,也容易出现一些常被忽视的问题。指出了这些问题,并给出了在实际工程中应用好假设检验的一些建议。     

基于网络组织有序度的指挥体系优化算法

针对信息化条件下指挥体系结构的特点,运用复杂网络理论,提出了指挥体系的优化算法,将组织有序度最大化作为目标函数,以边的关键度作为调节变量,构建了优化模型和算法,并对指挥网络进行了实例分析,对比优化前后指挥体系在平均路径、聚类系数、度分布以及网络的抗毁性等指标上变化,最后得到最优化的指挥网络。该算法对指挥流程的优化具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。     

Properties of some stochastic orders: A unified study

The notions of the likelihood ratio order of degree s (s ≥ 0) are introduced for both continuous and discrete integer‐valued random variables. The new orders for s = 0, 1, and 2 correspond to the likelihood ratio, hazard rate, and mean residual life orders. We obtain some basic properties of the new orders and their up shifted stochastic orders, and derive some closure properties of them. Such a study is meaningful because it throws an important light on the understanding of the properties of the likelihood ratio, hazard rate, and mean residual life orders. On the other hand, the properties of the new orders have potential applications. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

一种高阶累积量的模态参数辨识方法改进及其应用

高阶累积量的模态参数辨识方法能够消除高斯噪声的影响。但基于传统的高阶累积量降阶方法的子空间模态参数辨识方法具有一定的缺陷。为此,提出2种降阶方法用于高阶累积量的子空间模态参数辨识方法,并对这2种方法进行了比较。利用主切片方法对某变截面轴进行了模态参数识别,获得了与有限元法相一致的计算结果,从而证明了该方法的可靠性。该方法的辨识质量较高,能够用于一般结构的模态参数辨识。     

二级库存-运输系统的联合经济订购模型

结合器材供应的实际,构建了一个国家仓库-地区仓库形成的二级库存-运输系统,以最低费用为目标,建立了该系统的联合经济订购模型,求解了该系统各仓库的最佳订货量和订货次数;运用该模型对3种订货策略（年度1次订货、年度多次订货、零库存订货）进行了算例验证,表明了该模型在优化多级库存运输系统订货参数方面的意义。     

Stein–Chen approximation and error bounds for order fill rates in assemble‐to‐order systems

Assemble‐to‐order (ATO) is an important operational strategy for manufacturing firms to achieve quick response to customer orders while keeping low finished good inventories. This strategy has been successfully used not only by manufacturers (e.g., Dell, IBM) but also by retailers (e.g., Amazon.com). The evaluation of order‐based performance is known to be an important but difficult task, and the existing literature has been mainly focused on stochastic comparison to obtain performance bounds. In this article, we develop an extremely simple Stein–Chen approximation as well as its error‐bound for order‐based fill rate for a multiproduct multicomponent ATO system with random leadtimes to replenish components. This approximation gives an expression for order‐based fill rate in terms of component‐based fill rates. The approximation has the property that the higher the component replenishment leadtime variability, the smaller the error bound. The result allows an operations manager to analyze the improvement in order‐based fill rates when the base‐stock level for any component changes. Numerical studies demonstrate that the approximation performs well, especially when the demand processes of different components are highly correlated; when the components have high base‐stock levels; or when the component replenishment leadtimes have high variability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

箱装物资装运模型的构建及提货可视化设计

以汽车为例介绍了物资装载时横装、顺装和混装等几种模型,并对其算法进行了归纳。设想了一个以物资出入库为原型的可视化系统,并以建立的装运模型为基础,设计了可视化提货系统的实现过程。     

边防武警执行命令行为的刑法学分析

基于我国的边防体制,边防武警执行命令的行为在边防管理活动中属行政行为,执行军事命令的行为属军事行为。边防武警执行命令行为性质的不同定位,导致了不同的法律意义。在不同的情况下,边防武警对命令有效性的审查义务在范围和程度上是不同的,由此,在认定犯罪排除事由的构成上也应加以区别。执行命令作为排除犯罪的事由,基于不同的要件,可构成合法化事由或者免责事由。在命令合法有效的时候,执行命令就成为合法化事由。在命令不具有合法有效性的时候,执行命令就不能成为合法化事由,但在一定情况下,执行违法命令可以构成免责事由,从而排除行为的犯罪性。     

越野汽车非线性悬架系统建模与仿真研究

针对越野汽车的行驶条件,对传统线性被动悬架、非线性被动悬架和非线性主动悬架的动态特性进行了研究。建立了悬架系统的动力学模型,采用统计线性化方法对非线性弹簧悬架进行求解,利用MATLAB／SIMULlNK工具箱对悬架模型进行了动力学仿真。仿真结果表明：非线性弹簧悬架模型比传统的线性悬架模型更符合越野汽车悬架系统的振动运动,而采用基于线性二次型最优控制方法的主动控制非线性悬架,则能获得更好的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性。