基于虚拟现实技术的案例式反恐指挥训练

本文探讨将虚拟现实技术引入案例式反恐指挥训练,首先分析基于虚拟现实技术案例式指挥训练的理论依据;对案例式VR反恐指挥训练的流程进行设计,并确定案例式VR反恐指挥训练内容;对训练中应把握的原则进行了明确,研究创新部队指挥训练形式具有参考价值。     

功能性军事体能训练与心理训练结合运用探索——以新兵体能训练为例

在军队改革的大环境下,军事训练从难从严向实战化聚焦将成为日常训练的常态,而体能训练就是其中最为基础和重要的训练。但是,现阶段的军事体能训练仍然存在着训练理论不系统、训练方法不科学、相关心理指导和心理训练缺乏等弱点,从而造成体能训练成绩提升缓慢、训练损伤居高不下的问题。本文运用功能性军事体能训练和心理训练相结合的方法,从新兵体能训练着手,对其进行身心干预,旨在增强心理适应能力、提高训练成绩、减少训练损伤,为提高部队实战化训练水平打下基础。     

新体制下军队院校教育实战化

加强军队院校教育实战化改革,提高基层指挥员实战化素养,是推动部队实战化训练末端落实的有效途径。在军队院校改革重组的背景下,应改善实战化教学条件,强化军队院校师资力量与部队接轨,创新实战化教学内容构建,提高军队院校教育实战化水平,实现人才培养与未来作战需求的最佳融合。     

陆军勤务支援旅专业技术干部军事职业教育

军事职业教育是三位一体新型军事人才培养体系的重要组成部分,是改善官兵知识结构、提高岗位能力、促进职业发展的重要途径。在分析陆军勤务支援旅专业技术干部队伍建设现状的基础上,以部队在职教育需求为牵引,初步研究探索了陆军勤务支援旅开展专业技术干部军事职业教育的方法对策。     

运用3D打印技术提升装备保障训练水平

3D打印技术是一种快速成型技术,在不同领域均有成熟应用。部队现有的技术人才构成、成熟配套的软硬环境、打印材料的多样性,为3D打印技术应用于装备保障训练提供了可能。目前,部队现有的装备保障训练手段仍较为传统、单一,特别是工作原理、故障排除课目很难保证训练效果,严重制约装备保障能力提高。应用3D打印技术,着重对重难点课目进行设计,解决"无法训、训不到、效果差"等训练瓶颈问题,是对现有训练手段的丰富和完善,是继模拟训练、虚拟训练之后的又一新手段、方法,对提高装备训练水平、保证训练质量有重大意义。     

Identifying the challenges to defence reform in Central and Eastern Europe: observations from the field

The authors have over 50 years' experience of working on defence in Central and Eastern Europe. They have been intimately involved in trying to reform over 10 national defence organisations including Ukraine. During this work, they often faced intractable resistance and scepticism or conversely, apparent unbounded support, but following this, a complete lack of any actual implementation work by officials. This paper addresses some of the findings and observations identified by the authors that appear to cause these responses and the consequent failure of reform. A new research approach has been taken by using the business and culture tools from Schein, Hofstede and Kotter to try and unravel the underlying causality of that failure. The second part of the paper produces a new process for change based upon the research conclusions to help other advisers and consultants working on reform in the post communist defence arena.     

EU security sector reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Reform or resist?

ABSTRACT

Attempts to explain the failure to reform the security sectors in post-conflict countries have often resorted to two sets of explanatory factors: international and local factors. This article seeks to move from that unhelpful dichotomy to an explanation linking both factors. Drawing on a Foucauldian approach and the concept of “counter-conduct,” it examines the rationality and practices of European Union (EU) governmentality and how governing technologies are resisted and reversed by local elites involved in security sector reform (SSR). Instead of understanding power and resistance as binary opposites, this article argues that counter-conduct can be conceived as implicated in the very relations of power that it seeks to resist. To tease out these relations, the article analyzes the EU's efforts in SSR in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where it identifies four forms of counter-conduct: upholding European standards, using the local ownership trap, simulating reforms, and lowering the bar.     

Effective? Locally owned? Beyond the technocratic perspective on the European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories

ABSTRACT

The European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories (EUPOL COPPS) was established in 2006 to contribute to the establishment of effective policing in support of an independent and democratic Palestinian state. EUPOL COPPS is often commended for its contribution to the professionalization of the Palestinian security sector under local ownership. Drawing on 40 interviews, we argue that the mission can be considered effective and locally owned only from a narrow technocratic perspective, which denies the political reality of continued occupation and absence of democracy. A broader analysis, which includes the voices of ordinary Palestinians, reveals that EUPOL COPPS contributed to the professionalization of authoritarian policing under continued Israeli occupation. Our findings show the limits of technocratic approaches to peacebuilding interventions and call for a stronger engagement with the ultimate beneficiaries of peacebuilding missions.     

Turning the tides of war: The impact of private military and security companies on Nigeria’s counterinsurgency against Boko Haram

Since the 2003 war in Iraq, private military and security companies (PMSCs) have become increasingly legitimate actors in modern conflicts. Despite this normative shift, rumours in March 2015 regarding the use of South African mercenaries in Nigeria to combat Boko Haram insurgents caused an international outrage, while the Nigerian government remained nonchalantly silent on the matter. This article investigates the impact of mercenaries on the conflict in the last six months of the Jonathan government. Using primary and secondary qualitative research, it assesses the role that PMSCs played in Nigeria’s counterinsurgency strategy, along with the ensuing reaction of international and local media to the outsourcing of violence to foreign companies. The article concludes that – notwithstanding the improved image of PMSCs in the world, and the actual impact of the contractors on the Nigerian counterinsurgency effort – the stigma of mercenaries continues to plague the industry, particularly on the African continent.     

建立军民融合创新体系的重大意义

加快形成军民融合创新体系,是习主席在十二届全国人大五次会议解放军代表团全体会议上提出的重大战略思想。建立军民融合创新体系,是顺应军民科技发展新形势的必然抉择,是夯实科技兴军物质基础的内在要求、提升国家创新能力的重大举措、推动创新文化形成的有效途径,也是推进供给侧结构性改革的现实需求。加快形成军民融合创新体系,反映了现代战斗力和生产力生成的规律,体现了统筹国家安全和发展全局的内在要求,为深入实施军民融合发展战略、开创强军兴国新局面指明了方向,具有重大意义。