The Economic Effect of Military Facility Contraction: A Naval Case Study

The global financial turmoil of 2008 has resulted in the curtailment of military expenditure in most western countries. At a sub-regional-level reductions in the level of activity at a major military facility can have significant economic impact. In the light of this, the paper has two objectives: to analyse the impact of the decision to terminate naval shipbuilding at the United Kingdom’s Portsmouth Naval Base; and, for illustrative purposes, to examine the possible economic consequences of further contraction at the facility. In pursuit of these aims, it is necessary to establish the output, income and employment generated by the base using a bespoke input–output model. The methodology employed can, with appropriate adjustments, be utilised in other military or civilian contexts.     

体制变革与兵团工业——改革开放二十年来兵团工业发展述评

改革开放后,特别是兵团建制恢复后的二十年来,兵团的工业经济体制进行了一系列的改革,主要改革路线是:企业整顿—放权让利—承包经营责任制—现代企业制度—资产经营责任制。通过改革,兵团工业的发展可以说取得了很大的成绩,但是也存在一些问题。总结这二十年来的发展经验,对于在今后的工作中更好地推进兵团工业经济的改革具有重要的借鉴意义。     

运用市场手段推进消防工作社会化

随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展和完善 ,如何运用市场手段推进消防工作社会化 ,是消防工作改革、创新、发展的新课题 ,也是贯彻落实十六届三中全会和“二十公”会议精神的突破点 ,应该深入研究和探索     

内蒙古边境地区可持续发展对策

内蒙古边境地区是我国北方最重要的生态防线 ,是改革开放的前沿 ,也是一个欠发达的地区 ,在其发展中面临着许多严峻的问题和困难。内蒙古边境地区只有通过快速而健康地发展 ,才能摆脱和解决所面临的许多困难和问题。而要快速、健康地发展 ,就必须实施经济与社会可持续发展战略。     

Solution algorithms for the parallel replacement problem under economy of scale

We consider the parallel replacement problem in which machine investment costs exhibit economy of scale which is modeled through associating both fixed and variable costs with machine investment costs. Both finite- and infinite-horizon cases are investigated. Under the three assumptions made in the literature on the problem parameters, we show that the finite-horizon problem with time-varying parameters is equivalent to a shortest path problem and hence can be solved very efficiently, and give a very simple and fast algorithm for the infinite-horizon problem with time-invariant parameters. For the general finite-horizon problem without any assumption on the problem parameters, we formulate it as a zero-one integer program and propose an algorithm for solving it exactly based on Benders' decomposition. Computational results show that this solution algorithm is efficient, i.e., it is capable of solving large scale problems within a reasonable cpu time, and robust, i.e., the number of iterations needed to solve a problem does not increase quickly with the problem size. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 279–295, 1998     

不同海拔富氧进气柴油机富氧经济性分析

建立了高海拔条件下柴油发动机富氧进气燃烧排气氧气体积分数与进气氧气体积分数关系的模型,对海拔2 000,3 000和4000m处不同转速时发动机富氧进气的燃烧状况和富氧经济性进行研究.结果表明:模型预测结果与试验结果吻合较好,当发动机正常进气过量空气系数α＜1.2时,富氧进气改善发动机燃烧状况的效果明显.发动机富氧进气...     

Country survey XII: South Africa

This article examines the relationship between defence expenditure and economic performance in South Africa, both prior to and after that country's first fully democratic election in 1994. Prior to 1994 defence expenditure decisions were largely dominated by non‐economic factors; since then defence spending has declined in reaction to, inter alia, the need to address a number of socio‐economic inequities.

After 1975 in particular, military industrialisation in South Africa placed a disproportionately high burden on the country's industrial resources and natural economic and technical capabilities. However, although this suggests that the opportunity cost of domestic arms production has been fairly high, the country's poor economic and development performance since the mid‐1970s is a function of underlying structural deficiencies and institutional constraints rather than the consequence of inordinately high defence spending levels.     

关于加入WTO后我国经济法制建设的若干思考

加入世界贸易组织,对我国经济发展的影响是利大于弊,机遇大于挑战的.建立成熟的社会主义市场经济法制体系,加快和提高我国经济社会发展的速度与质量,加人WTO是一个积极的有效途径.但我国目前的经济法律制度还难以与国际贸易规则对接,亟需进一步健全和完善.而实现与国际贸易规则相对接,还必须在相关的立法中进一步深化经济法制的理念,积极健全和完善与经济法制建设相关法律.加快适应"法治经济"发展的法制建设,是保障我国加入WTO之后实现经济健康、快速发展的关键.     

论我国法治精神的演进

从社会形态的更替和经济形态变化的角度 ,来说明我国法治精神的孕育及演进的过程 ,阐明了我国法治精神的演进分为古代的法治精神和现代法治精神两个阶段 ,并论证了市场经济是现代法治精神的深厚的经济基础。     

新经济:西方经济理论的反思

当新经济作为一种新的经济形态迅速席卷全球的时候,新经济中的一些独特经济现象也引发了经济学界的广泛争论。本文就其中一些经济现象,反思西方经济理论,并由此分析这些经济现象的独特性和合理性。