弹药库防静电方法研究

根据弹药库静电危险场所的分类等级,以形成静电危害的3个基本条件为依据,讨论了弹药库防静电危害常用措施:设施设备静电接地、防静电工作台、人体静电防护、铺设导电(或防静电)地面以及各自防静电要求.这些措施为防止和消除弹药库的静电危害提供了根本保障.     

美国2014年《四年防务评估报告》特点

2014年3月4日,美国国防部向国会提交了2014年版《四年防务评估报告》和《2015财年国防预算报告》。《四年防务评估报告》更新了再平衡战略,为美军建设提出了优先发展方向,要求美军联合部队向“更小型化”转型,以满足未来军事行动需求。     

一类具有饱和发生率的离散型SIS传染病模型

研究一类具有饱和发生率的离散型SIS传染病模型,得到了模型的基本再生数.通过线性化的方法,运用LaSalle-Lyapunov定理,证明当基本再生数R01时,无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的;通过迭代的方法,证明当基本再生数R01时,地方病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的.     

基于Contiki的无线传感器网络平台设计与实现

无线传感器网络由大量节点组成,网络面临的问题很难全部被仿真工具描述,因而由仿真得到的无线传感器网络应当在部署之前进行物理测试.根据无线传感器网络节点的一般架构,设计完成了一批体积小、成本低、功耗低、硬件资源丰富和代码开源的无线传感器节点,组建了一个无线传感器网络实验平台.在平台上移植了Contiki操作系统管理节点的软硬件资源,设计实现了射频芯片、串行接口和温度传感器的驱动程序.采用6LowPAN协议构建自组织网络,验证了平台的节点通信半径和组网效果.试验表明该平台完整支持6LowPAN协议,采集数据的可靠性、网络的健壮性和通信半径等指标,可以满足无线传感器网络节点定位与环境变量检测等应用的需求.     

Sequential learning versus no learning in Bayesian regression models

We consider two regression models: linear and logistic. The dependent variable is observed periodically and in each period a Bayesian formulation is used to generate updated forecasts of the dependent variable as new data is observed. One would expect that including new data in the Bayesian updates results in improved forecasts over not including the new data. Our findings indicate that this is not always true. We show there exists a subset of the independent variable space that we call the “region of no learning.” If the independent variable values for a given period in the future are in this region, then the forecast does not change with any new data. Moreover, if the independent variable values are in a neighborhood of the region of no learning, then there may be little benefit to wait for the new data and update the forecast. We propose a statistical approach to characterize this neighborhood which we call the “region of little learning.” Our results provide insights into the trade‐offs that exist in situations when the decision maker has an incentive to make an early decision based on an early forecast versus waiting to make a later decision based on an updated forecast. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 532–548, 2014     

The sixteenth-century antecedents of special operations ‘small war’

The first conceptual, theoretical treatises about small war (la petite guerre) as special operations appeared only from the middle of the seventeenth century. The term is not used in the eighteenth-century sense of ‘special operations’ in older sources. The supposed absence of any treatment of the subject is surprising considering the obsession with the ‘art of war’ in the Renaissance, but other authors attribute it to a supposed antinomy between chivalric ideals and irregular warfare. But the absence of explicit manuals on the subject is not evidence of absence of advanced reflection on this kind of operations in the Middle Ages and in Early Modern times. We should thus look elsewhere, in other genres, for writings that contain and pass on military knowledge. Epics, romances, educational and military treatises, and memoirs in fact contain elements of a theory of special operations, even though these genres differ from our conception of rationality inherited from the Enlightenment.     

Guerrillas and bandits in the Serranía de Ronda, 1810–1812

The Spanish Guerrilla (1808–1812) which has given its name to ideologically motivated insurgencies is usually portrayed as a patriotic uprising against the French occupation forces of Napoleon. It was that, in part, but also many other things besides. This case study illustrates its overlap and convergence with banditry but also with social unrest turned into uprisings directed by poor Spaniards against their creditors, as in the storming of Ronda by insurgents in 1810. From the propaganda of the day to the subsequent Spanish patriotic historiography, there has been a tendency to exaggerate the amplitude of events and also the damage that was done to the French forces and the casualty figures inflicted on them.     

基于Mean-Shift的传感器动态偏差估计方法

针对系统误差变化规律未知时的传感器探测系统偏差估计问题,提出了一种改进的基于Mean-Shift(均值偏移)的传感器动态偏差估计算法.该算法利用Mean-Shift方法对不同样本点对估计结果贡献不同的特点,根据样本点偏离均值的偏移量以及偏移时间构建权系数.仿真结果表明,该方法在系统误差变化规律未知的情况下,可有效估计多...     

基于功率控制的水下声学传感器网络部署

目前对在传感器网络部署优化的研究中,主要集中在二维传感器部署优化的研究上,对水下三维传感器网络的部署研究特别是以优化网络资源、延长网络寿命为目的水下传感器网络非均匀部署的研究较少。改进了现有传感器探测模型,建立探测功率与传感半径的关系,结合体心立方格覆盖方案,建立了水下传感器网络非均匀部署模型,仿真实验表明,非均匀部署模型有效地控制了节点部署密度,平衡了网络能量,相对于均匀部署模型显著提高了网络寿命。     

Optimization of steerable sensor network for threat detection

A Markov chain approach to detecting a threat in a given surveillance zone by a network of steerable sensors is presented. The network has a finite number of predetermined states, and transition from one state to another follows a Markov chain. Under the assumption that the threat avoids detection, two game theoretic problems for finding an optimal Markov chain (two surveillance strategies) are formulated: the first maximizes the probability of threat detection for two consecutive detection periods, whereas the second minimizes the average time of detection for the worst‐case threat's trajectory. Both problems are reduced to linear programming, and special techniques are suggested to solve them. For a dynamic environment with moving noise sources, the optimal Markov chain changes at each detection period, and the rate of convergence of the Markov chain to its stationary distribution is analyzed. Both surveillance strategies are tested in numerical experiments and compared one with another. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011