基于网络处理器的新型IPv6转发系统的设计与实现

转发与控制分离结构的提出和网络处理器的发展对路由器的扩展性、灵活性、性能具有重要的影响,而IPv6作为下一代互联网协议的核心,是路由器研究的重要对象。简要阐述了基于转发与控制分离结构ForCES的IPv6路由器的系统结构,重点论述了基于网络处理器的IPv6路由器的转发结构、双栈转发系统的流程设计和隧道机制设计的实现,给出IPv6路由器原型系统的实际测试结果。     

Signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio estimation for wireless communication systems: Methods and analysis

The Signal‐to‐Interference‐plus‐Noise Ratio (SINR) is an important metric of wireless communication link quality. SINR estimates have several important applications. These include optimizing the transmit power level for a target quality of service, assisting with handoff decisions and dynamically adapting the data rate for wireless Internet applications. Accurate SINR estimation provides for both a more efficient system and a higher user‐perceived quality of service. In this paper, we develop new SINR estimators and compare their mean squared error (MSE) performance. We show that our new estimators dominate estimators that have previously appeared in the literature with respect to MSE. The sequence of transmitted bits in wireless communication systems consists of both pilot bits (which are known both to the transmitter and receiver) and user bits (which are known only by the transmitter). The SINR estimators we consider alternatively depend exclusively on pilot bits, exclusively on user bits, or simultaneously use both pilot and user bits. In addition, we consider estimators that utilize smoothing and feedback mechanisms. Smoothed estimators are motivated by the fact that the interference component of the SINR changes relatively slowly with time, typically with the addition or departure of a user to the system. Feedback estimators are motivated by the fact that receivers typically decode bits correctly with a very high probability, and therefore user bits can be thought of as quasipilot bits. For each estimator discussed, we derive an exact or approximate formula for its MSE. Satterthwaite approximations, noncentral F distributions (singly and doubly) and distribution theory of quadratic forms are the key statistical tools used in developing the MSE formulas. In the case of approximate MSE formulas, we validate their accuracy using simulation techniques. The approximate MSE formulas, of interest in their own right for comparing the quality of the estimators, are also used for optimally combining estimators. In particular, we derive optimal weights for linearly combining an estimator based on pilot bits with an estimator based on user bits. The optimal weights depend on the MSE of the two estimators being combined, and thus the accurate approximate MSE formulas can conveniently be used. The optimal weights also depend on the unknown SINR, and therefore need to be estimated in order to construct a useable combined estimator. The impact on the MSE of the combined estimator due to estimating the weights is examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

二维超声速空气引射器启动特性试验研究

（静）超声速引射器是高空模拟试车台的重要组件,在发动机启动前利用引射器对试验舱预抽真空可避免发动机启动初始时刻燃气漏入试验舱造成燃气在发动机中分离,对获取发动机在高空环境下的完整推力特性具有重要意义。而该工况下超声速引射器的启动过程是引射器工作过程中最为恶劣的工况,设计不合理的引射器会导致启动压力过高甚至不能实现启动。建立了缩比超声速空气引射器试验台对超声速引射器的启动特性进行研究,采用压力测量方法结合纹影技术对超声速引射器处于极限启动压比时的流场进行了描述,研究结果表明混合室收缩比越小,引射器极限启动压比越低。同时给出了定位超声速引射器不启动原因的判据：当引射器不启动是由引射总压不足引起时,盲腔压力在引射总压提高时降低,并在临界启动状态下达到最小值;而由混合室收缩比过小导致的引射器不启动在引射总压提高时盲腔压力单调上升。     

Numerical investigation on cooling performance of filter in a pyrotechnic gas generator

As a key part of the pyrotechnic gas generator,the filter not only removes the particulate matter but also cools the hot gas to a safe level.This paper aims to improve the understanding of the basic heat and flow phenomenon in the gas generator.The pyrotechnic gas generator is modelling by a simplified filter structure with fiber arrays.A finite-volume model of the heat and fluid flow is proposed to simulate the detailed multi-dimensional flow and energy conversion behaviors.Several verification results are in good agreement with data in different references.Simulation results demonstrate that the filter can not only absorb heat from the gas but also cause the high intensity enhancement of the heat transfer.The per-formance difference between inline and staggered arrays is also discussed.The findings of the study put a further prediction tool for the understanding and design of the filter system with fibers.     

Cooperative interception with fast multiple model adaptive estimation

For the case that two pursuers intercept an evasive target, the cooperative strategies and state estimation methods taken by pursuers can seriously affect the guidance accuracy for the target, which performs a bang For the case that two pursuers intercept an evasive target, the cooperative strategies and state estimation methods taken by pursuers can seriously affect the guidance accuracy for the target, which performs a bang-bang evasive maneuver with a random switching time. Combined Fast multiple model adaptive estimation (Fast MMAE) algorithm, the cooperative guidance law takes detection configuration affecting the accuracy of interception into consideration. Introduced the detection error model related to the line-of-sight (LOS) separation angle of two interceptors, an optimal cooperative guidance law solving the optimization problem is designed to modulate the LOS separation angle to reduce the estimation error and improve the interception performance. Due to the uncertainty of the target bang-bang maneuver switching time and the effective fitting of its multi-modal motion, Fast MMAE is introduced to identify its maneuver switching time and estimate the acceleration of the target to track and intercept the target accurately. The designed cooperative optimal guidance law with Fast MMAE has better estimation ability and interception performance than the traditional guidance law and estimation method via Monte Carlo simulation.     

基于自适应Kalman滤波算法的航空发动机可测参数及其偏离量估计

针对采用估计可测参数偏离量建立航空发动机机载自适应模型的方案中,可测参数偏离量估计的问题,引入了CA(Constant Acceleration)模型,建立了简化的可测参数状态方程和测量方程,采用自适应Kalman滤波算法直接估计可测参数,由估计出的可测参数与发动机非线性模型计算的额定值之差,获得可测参数偏离量.为解决因简化的状态模型系统误差较大,采用标准Kalman滤波会出现估计严重偏离真值的问题,分析了标准Kalman滤波准则和状态模型误差对滤波结果的影响,采用动态调整状态预报在滤波估计结果中权重的策略,给出了单因子自适应Kalman滤波算法准则及递推公式,使滤波估计准确.对不同的可测参数分别采取序列滤波的方法,减少了运算量.以仿真产生的发动机测量数据为例,对系统模型和所设计的算法进行验证,计算结果表明,所设计的滤波算法具有很快的收敛速度和计算速度,结果优于标准Kalman滤波算法,具有更好的估计精度和一定的工程应用价值.     

模糊Petri网在空舰导弹武器系统效能分析中的应用

空舰导弹武器系统综合效能分析不但对导弹的定型起着一定作用,而且对装载该导弹的作战飞机的作战效能都具有重要的意义。依据空舰导弹武器系统的战技指标要求,运用模糊Petri网的原理结合层次分析法,对导弹武器的性能采取定性分析与定量分析相结合,以定量分析为主的方法进行评价。仿真实例对某型空舰导弹系统效能进行评价,结果表明它是一种方便、实用、可行的方法。     

多模型估计方法

多模型方法是一种混合估计方法 ,相对于传统的估计方法而言 (例如 Kalman滤波 ) ,它特别适合于具有未知变参数或变结构系统的研究 ,因而在许多领域得到了成功应用。回顾了多模型方法的发展过程 ,对现有各种多模型估计方法进行了总结 ,并提出了研究方向     

某坦克发动机调速性能的模拟计算

为了计算某坦克发动机的调速性能,发展了一个柴油机调速系统的模拟模型.将发动机任一工况的调速器齿杆位置与油门开度和发动机转速联系起来,建立了调速器静力学和动力学方程;调速器动力学方程用2个一阶微分方程表示,引入了连续性函数sigmoid函数代替非连续性函数sign函数,使调速器动力学方程能够方便地应用数值积分方法求解,并且避免了计算结果的小范围振荡.对该坦克发动机调速系统的稳态与动态工况和调速器稳定系数、不均匀度、稳定调速率、瞬时调速率、过渡时间等参数进行了模拟计算,显示这种方法可以用于坦克发动机调速性能的研究.     

菜籽油制备生物柴油及其理化性能的研究

研究了植物油(菜籽油)在NaOH催化作用下与甲醇反应制备生物柴油的工艺条件,考察了醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度等条件对反应的影响,实验结果表明该反应较适宜的条件为:反应温度50℃、醇油摩尔比6:1、催化剂用量为原料油质量的0.8％、反应时间为20min。对所得生物柴油的主要性能指标进行了考察,发现除粘度较大外,其主要性能指标与我国O#柴油相接近,掺入少量柴油后完全可以作为柴油机燃料使用。