Numerical investigation of the failure mechanism of cubic concrete specimens in SHPB tests

Cylindrical specimens are commonly used in Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests to study the uniaxial dynamic properties of concrete-like materials.In recent years,true tri-axial SHPB equipment has also been developed or is under development to investigate the material dynamic properties under tri-axial impact loads.For such tests,cubic specimens are needed.It is well understood that static material strength obtained from cylinder and cube specimens are different.Conversion factors are obtained and adopted in some guidelines to convert the material strength obtained from the two types of specimens.Previous uniaxial impact tests have also demonstrated that the failure mode and the strain rate effect of cubic specimens are very different from that of cylindrical ones.However,the mechanical background of these findings is unclear.As an extension of the previous laboratory study,this study performs numerical SHPB tests of cubic and cylindrical concrete specimens subjected to uniaxial impact load with the validated numerical model.The stress states of cubic specimens in relation to its failure mode under different strain rates is analyzed and compared with cylindrical specimens.The detailed analyses of the numerical simulation results show that the lateral inertial confinement of the cylindrical specimen is higher than that of the cubic specimen under the same strain rates.For cubic specimen,the corners are more severely damaged because of the lower lateral confinement and the occurrence of the tensile radial stress which is not observed in cylindrical specimens.These results explain why the dynamic material strengths obtained from the two types of specimens are different and are strain rate dependent.Based on the simulation results,an empirical formula of conversion factor as a function of strain rate is proposed,which supplements the traditional conversion factor for quasi-static material strength.It can be used for transforming the dynamic compressive strength from cylinders to cubes obtained from impact tests at different strain rates.     

钢框架梁柱焊接连接抗震性能试验研究

以梁端腹板的扇形孔形状为主要参数,进行了4个足尺钢框架梁柱焊接节点往复加载下的破坏试验。通过对弯矩—塑性转角和弯矩—累积塑性变形倍率试验曲线对比分析表明,扇形孔是节点变形能力和破坏形式的主要影响因素。改进扇形孔构造是一种有效措施,既可提高节点的抗震性能,又能保持制作工艺与传统节点基本相同。     

QF炮膛擦拭剂的研制

介绍了QF炮膛擦拭剂的研制原理、配方、制备工艺、性能及应用情况。实验室理化性能测定和实际使用结果表明,该剂具有清洁能力强、防锈性好、使用方便等特点,对火炮射击结束后残留在炮膛内的火药残渣和尼龙残渣具有良好的去除作用,是一种应用前景广泛的武器装备维护保养新材料。     

Some probability functions in reliability and their applications

There has been much research on the general failure model recently. In the general failure model, when the unit fails at its age t, Type I failure (minor failure) occurs with probability 1 ? p(t) and Type II failure (catastrophic failure) occurs with probability p(t). In the previous research, some specific shapes (constant, non‐decreasing, or bathtub‐shape) on the probability function p(t) are assumed. In this article, general results on some probability functions are obtained and applied to study the shapes of p(t). The results are also applied to determining the optimal inspection and allocation policies in maintenance problems. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

应用改进的线性预测算法构建虚拟阵的精确定向方法

为了克服传统线性预测(Linear Prediction,LP)算法在构建虚拟阵过程中存在预测误差容易累积的弊端,提出了一种能够更充分利用实阵信息量的改进LP算法来构建虚拟阵。采用实际基阵方法、传统LP虚拟阵方法和改进LP虚拟阵方法分别对假定基阵的波束性能进行计算机仿真及对湖试数据进行处理成像,研究结果表明,与传统LP方法相比,改进的LP方法能够有效地抑制波束旁瓣,进一步提高了基阵的角度分辨力和阵增益,将其运用于特定试验背景下的实际湖底目标声探测,方向分辨精度可提高75%。     

微波脉冲对硅基双极型晶体管的损伤特性

利用微波脉冲注入实验平台,对硅基双极型晶体管低噪声放大器进行了损伤效应实验。在微波脉冲对硅基双极型晶体管低噪声放大器损伤的失效分析中,当低噪声放大器增益下降大于10d B时,发现硅基双极型晶体管出现了永久损伤。通过对比测量硅基双极型晶体管损伤前后的电特性以及利用扫描电子显微镜观测损伤后晶体管的微观特性发现:硅基双极型晶体管被微波脉冲损伤后,基区的硅材料烧蚀导致发射结和集电结短路,不再具有PN结特性,导致器件失效。     

适用于海底观测网络的恒流远供系统可靠性分析方法

以水下单元的短路/开路故障模式为基础,提出一种分析缆系海底观测网络恒流远供系统可靠性的方法。根据系统供电和结构特性,将系统分成不同的供电链路和链路段。详细研究处于不同位置的各种水下单元发生故障时,对链路和观测设备的供电状态的影响。归纳导致系统和各链路无法正常导通、观测设备无法得到供电的状态情况,分析不同故障状态发生的概率,进而得出求解系统、供电链路与供电设备的供电可靠度的方法。通过算例分析,进一步梳理了3种供电可靠性的共性规律,说明在设计和建设恒流远供系统时,应综合考量这3种供电可靠性。     

装甲装备作战效能评估的模糊Petri网模型研究

利用模糊Petri网清晰、简单的知识表示能力和模糊推理能力,将其应用于装甲装备作战效能评估中。基于"能力需求分析"方法建立了装甲装备的分层效能评估指标体系,并对其优化和赋权方法做了简要介绍;介绍了模糊Petri网的定义和基于BP算法的学习能力;在此基础上以装甲装备战场感知能力二级指标为例介绍了基于模糊Petri网模型的评估方法,并对评估结果进行了分析。     

末端防御武器平台炮控性能检测方法

末端防御武器平台炮控系统性能的好坏直接影响首发命中率和射击反应时间等重要战技指标,在设计试验阶段,对其炮控性能进行检测是必不可少的环节。采用基于三棱锥模型的炮控性能检测方法,建立了三棱锥计算模型并进行Matlab仿真分析以及检测精度分析,从而验证了其工作原理及可行性,满足武器平台炮控性能检测的要求。     

基于正交试验法的冗余捷联惯组故障诊断实验方法研究

冗余捷联惯组是运载火箭控制系统的重要设备,需要对其进行故障检测和隔离以保证系统正常工作,所应用的故障检测算法需要进行有效性评估。由于惯组器件配置和故障形式的多样性,所有故障情形进行逐一测试不可能的,因此提出利用正交试验法安排实验,对广义似然比故障检测算法进行性能检测。试验结果表明应用正交试验实现了故障情形的良好覆盖性,有效减少了试验次数,并且从测试数据中验证了故障检测算法的有效性。