Optimal inventory control policy for periodic‐review inventory systems with inventory‐level‐dependent demand

We consider a setting in which inventory plays both promotional and service roles; that is, higher inventories not only improve service levels but also stimulate demand by serving as a promotional tool (e.g., as the result of advertising effect by the enhanced product visibility). Specifically, we study the periodic‐review inventory systems in which the demand in each period is uncertain but increases with the inventory level. We investigate the multiperiod model with normal and expediting orders in each period, that is, any shortage will be met through emergency replenishment. Such a model takes the lost sales model as a special case. For the cases without and with fixed order costs, the optimal inventory replenishment policy is shown to be of the base‐stock type and of the (s,S) type, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

k-ary n-cube中的移动气泡流控策略

在k-ary n-cube网络中,气泡流控是一种有效、实用的死锁避免技术,它不必依赖虚通道就能避免环网中出现的死锁问题。如果流控策略能感知到维度内缓冲区的总体使用情况,就能够更加高效地进行调度,从而提高网络性能。为了避免关键气泡机制引起的阻塞,提出了伪报文协议;结合伪报文协议,设计了移动气泡流控策略,它有效实现了维度内的全局资源感知能力。与局部气泡流控相比,路由器每条输入通道仅设置一个报文缓冲区就可以避免环网中的死锁,即最小资源需求减少了一半。网络模拟结果表明,该机制不会出现永久阻塞;在distribute、hotregion和uniform传输模式中,该机制可以有效提高网络吞吐率20%以上,并且在网络饱和后吞吐率依然维持稳定。     

低功率霍尔推力器阳极供气环工程设计关键参数仿真

为了提高低功率霍尔推力器放电通道内中性原子分布均匀性,采用有限元方法对阳极供气环关键结构参数进行优化研究。针对双腔式阳极供气环结构,重点分析了缓冲腔容积比以及缓冲腔隔板导流小孔数量等关键参数对阳极供气均匀性的影响。研究结果表明:随着缓冲腔容积比的增大,阳极供气环出气孔差异率先快速减小后趋于稳定,其中当容积率k=1.0时,平均差异率和最大差异率分别为1.77%和3.79%;隔板间导流小孔数量从8增加到14时,出气孔差异率呈现浴盆曲线特性,其中导流孔数量为10时,平均差异率和最大差异率分别为1.8%和3.8%。研究结果可为霍尔推力器阳极供气环工程设计提供理论支撑。     

预燃室内气氢气氧射流燃烧过程数值分析

建立了液体火箭发动机预燃室内气氢气氧射流燃烧过程的数学模型,包括燃烧过程控制守恒方程、湍流流动方程和湍流燃烧模型,以及求解控制方程所需的辅助关系式;给出了模拟射流燃烧过程的数值方法。对于给定的预燃室结构型式和尺寸,研究了喷嘴构型和氧的喷射方式对化学反应流场和燃烧性能的影响规律。结果表明,喷嘴构型和氧的喷射方式对流动过程和燃烧性能都有影响,且喷嘴结构的影响较为明显。     

激光PIV流场显示与测量系统

利用课题组自行设计研制的一套粒子图像测速(PIV)系统对高速水洞中流场进行了测试研究.测试系统中,光源使用Nd:YAG调Q双激光器,其波长532 nm,脉冲时间8 ns,脉冲能量100 mJ;示踪粒子则采用直径200 μm的镀银聚苯乙烯微球.无模型空流场测试结果表明,该系统对无模型空流场的测试误差小于1.3％;而通过圆球模型绕流流场测试结果与其理论值的对比发现,大部分测试流场区域的测试误差小于2％.     

Using a birth‐and‐death process to estimate the steady‐state distribution of a periodic queue

If the number of customers in a queueing system as a function of time has a proper limiting steady‐state distribution, then that steady‐state distribution can be estimated from system data by fitting a general stationary birth‐and‐death (BD) process model to the data and solving for its steady‐state distribution using the familiar local‐balance steady‐state equation for BD processes, even if the actual process is not a BD process. We show that this indirect way to estimate the steady‐state distribution can be effective for periodic queues, because the fitted birth and death rates often have special structure allowing them to be estimated efficiently by fitting parametric functions with only a few parameters, for example, 2. We focus on the multiserver M_t/GI/s queue with a nonhomogeneous Poisson arrival process having a periodic time‐varying rate function. We establish properties of its steady‐state distribution and fitted BD rates. We also show that the fitted BD rates can be a useful diagnostic tool to see if an M_t/GI/s model is appropriate for a complex queueing system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 664–685, 2015     

Optimal FCFS allocation rules for periodic‐review assemble‐to‐order systems

In Assemble‐To‐Order (ATO) systems, situations may arise in which customer demand must be backlogged due to a shortage of some components, leaving available stock of other components unused. Such unused component stock is called remnant stock. Remnant stock is a consequence of both component ordering decisions and decisions regarding allocation of components to end‐product demand. In this article, we examine periodic‐review ATO systems under linear holding and backlogging costs with a component installation stock policy and a First‐Come‐First‐Served (FCFS) allocation policy. We show that the FCFS allocation policy decouples the problem of optimal component allocation over time into deterministic period‐by‐period optimal component allocation problems. We denote the optimal allocation of components to end‐product demand as multimatching. We solve the multi‐matching problem by an iterative algorithm. In addition, an approximation scheme for the joint replenishment and allocation optimization problem with both upper and lower bounds is proposed. Numerical experiments for base‐stock component replenishment policies show that under optimal base‐stock policies and optimal allocation, remnant stock holding costs must be taken into account. Finally, joint optimization incorporating optimal FCFS component allocation is valuable because it provides a benchmark against which heuristic methods can be compared. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 158–169, 2015     

基于空间约束的舰载机出库调度

舰载机在航母上的调度问题是制约舰载机出动和回收的重要因素,以往研究主要集中在飞行甲板调度方面。针对舰载机在航母上的出入库问题进行研究,着力解决舰载机在航母上二、三波次的出动能力。首先对舰载机出库的流程进行分析,梳理制约因素。其次,应用柔性流水车间调度理论对空间约束条件下的舰载机出库调度问题进行建模。再次,对智能粒子群算法应用于舰载机出库调度问题进行分析,对编码进行设计,并给出算法流程。最后,对出库流程进行仿真,计算出最优出库方案及时间,验证了模型的准确性。     

机动管线水顶油排空油水混合物切割工艺研究

排空是机动管线的一项经常性作业。在水顶油排空过程中,不可避免地会产生混油,因此混油的切割工艺尤为关键。通过对机动管线水顶油排空作业终端混油切割流程、设备操作的分析,提出了采用1个三通球阀代替2个闸阀的切割流程,自行搭建了实验平台,测量了三通球阀的流动特性,论证了三通球阀作为机动管线混油切割阀的可行性。实验表明,新流程的使用降低了切割操作难度,提高了切割作业的快速性和准确性。     

超声速转弯流道内的迟滞现象

采用特征线法,通过预先给定中心线马赫数分布,设计了消波的二维超声速转弯流道。研究了不同反压作用下转弯流道内的激波串结构、壁面沿程静压分布和壁面分离区演化等特征,分析了流道内激波串波结构与反压的关系,发现了激波串波头很难稳定在流道拐点附近。当激波串波头靠近流道拐点时,流场具有双解。流动双解区向单解区演化过程中,伴随有大分离区在上、下壁面之间的迅速转换和激波串结构的快速演化。