A generic model of motor‐carrier fuel optimization

Fuel optimizers are decision models (software products) that are increasingly recognized as effective fuel management tools by U.S. truckload carriers. Using the latest price data of every truck stop, these models calculate the optimal fueling schedule for each route that indicates: (i) which truck stop(s) to use, and (ii) how much fuel to buy at the chosen truck stop(s) to minimize the refueling cost. In the current form, however, these models minimize only the fuel cost, and ignore or underestimate other costs that are affected by the models' decision variables. On the basis of the interviews with carrier managers, truck drivers, and fuel‐optimizer vendors, this article proposes a comprehensive model of motor‐carrier fuel optimization that considers all of the costs that are affected by the model's decision variables. Simulation results imply that the proposed model not only attains lower vehicle operating costs than the commercial fuel optimizers, but also gives solutions that are more desirable from the drivers' viewpoint. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

材料性能对固体发动机结构完整性的影响

基于描述粘弹性材料特性的Burgers模型的本构关系以及基于该本构关系下的有限元方法 ,根据温度载荷和内压载荷的特点 ,分别建立了分析某固体发动机材料性能参数对结构完整性影响的有限元模型。应用MSC/NAS TRAN结构分析软件 ,详细分析了在温度和内压载荷作用下固体发动机材料性能参数对结构完整性的影响。在温度载荷的作用下 ,主要影响结构完整性的是推进剂的泊松比与热膨胀系数 ;在内压载荷作用下 ,主要影响结构完整性的是包覆层和推进剂的泊松比以及推进剂的初始模量。所得的结论可为固体发动机的生产设计提供参考     

永磁式同步电动机的矢量图

根据稀土永磁材料性能和以其制成的同步电动机工作的特点,提出了永磁式同步电动机的矢量图;并举例说明在矢量控制系统中的应用.     

直驱型电动舵机中永磁容错电机设计

为了提高直驱型电动舵机的可靠性和容错性、减小直驱型电动舵机的体积和重量,设计具有容错能力的电机.分析直驱型电动舵机中电机的容错性,设计了满足容错需求的三相24槽20极表面式永磁同步电机,对电机尺寸参数进行优化,建立该电机的有限元仿真模型,并对其开路和短路故障进行有限元仿真分析.有限元仿真结果表明,所设计的电机具有很强的...     

电磁弹射过程中涡流引入阻力的分析

永磁直线电机能够满足电磁弹射系统短距内高加速与快制动的应用要求,但是永磁直线电机的快速运动可能引入明显的涡流效应,在电机加速度段,涡流效应引入涡流阻力,削弱了系统的弹射能力,另一方面,在电机的制动段,涡流效应引入的阻力可以帮助系统实现快速制动.针对电磁弹射系统所采用的定子开槽、集中绕组、动磁式永磁直线电机,仿真分析了动...     

长贮过程中发动机HTPB推进剂老化机理分析

为揭示固体推进剂在长期贮存过程中的老化机理,解剖了自然贮存19年贴壁浇注的端羟基聚丁二烯橡胶推进剂装药发动机,沿着药柱径向不同位置进行了取样,并采用扫描电镜、能量色散X射线光谱仪、红外吸收光谱、交联密度等多种手段对这些样品进行了测试分析。研究发现：贴壁浇注发动机药柱不同位置推进剂的老化程度不尽相同,越靠近非金属壳体位置,推进剂的老化程度越严重。进一步深入分析表明：除了丁羟胶中双键的氧化断链和端羟基的缩合等影响推进剂老化,铝粉氧化产生的铝离子会催化丁羟胶双键与氯气或水发生加成反应生成■双键和仲醇,而铝离子迁移和分布的不均匀会引起药柱老化的不均匀性。研究结果对推进剂配方设计和防老化措施的研究具有重要意义。     

旋转永磁式机械低频天线的系统设计与验证

为实现低频电磁发信系统的小型化和低功耗,面向旋转永磁式机械天线的理论研究和技术实践,提出了基于多物理场耦合仿真的系统设计和性能校验方法。设计了包含永磁磁源、高效驱动电机及其控制器在内的旋转永磁式机械天线系统方案。研制了实验样机,并对其系统性能和近区磁场进行了实验测试,验证了相关设计方法和系统方案的可行性与有效性。结果表明,该样机的磁场场强和尺寸等主要指标达到了美国“机械天线”项目在射频穿透技术领域的要求,为旋转永磁式机械天线方案研究和样机设计提供了一种可行思路。     

变负载变转速输入泵控马达调速系统

行车取力泵控马达发电系统可以改变现有装备车辆供电模式。针对泵控马达系统存在转速和外接负载扰动的问题,以输入变转速变负载变量泵-定量马达恒速控制系统为研究平台,建立系统的流量模型,确定了对转速和负载扰动的控制策略以及相应的前馈补偿系数,采用了PID闭环控制与前馈补偿相结合的复合控制方法。并通过Matlab的Simulink模块对建立系统的仿真模型,得到了系统在转速和负载扰动下的控制规律,结果表明控制系统在两种扰动下反应迅速,最后通过实验验证,马达输出转速能保持在较理想的状态,为行车取力发电系统实现提供了借鉴意义。     

Driving force coordinated control of an 8 ×8 in-wheel motor drive vehicle with tire-road friction coefficient identification

Because of the complexities of tire-road interaction,the wheels of a multi-wheel distributed electric drive vehicle can easily slip under certain working conditions.As wheel slip affects the dynamic per-formance and stability of the vehicle,it is crucial to control it and coordinate the driving force.With this aim,this paper presents a driving force coordination control strategy with road identification for eight-wheeled electric vehicles equipped with an in-wheel motor for each wheel.In the proposed control strategy,the road identification module estimates tire-road forces using an unscented Kalman filter al-gorithm and recognizes the road adhesion coefficient by employing the recursive least-square method.According to road identification,the optimal slip ratio under the current driving condition is obtained,and a controller based on sliding mode control with a conditional integrator uses this value for accel-eration slip regulation.The anti-slip controller obtains the adjusting torque,which is integrated with the driver-command-based feedforward control torque to implement driving force coordination control.The results of hardware-in-loop simulation show that this control strategy can accurately estimate tire-road forces as well as the friction coefficient,and thus,can effectively fulfill the purpose of driving force coordinated control under different driving conditions.     

飞机电磁弹射系统发展及其关键技术

总结论述了美国和英法国家的飞机电磁弹系统工程化应用研制的发展状况,综述了电磁弹射用直线电机的方案选型设计、仿真技术、性能优化和控制方法等方面的关键技术和研究现状,针对电磁弹射技术的发展前景和应用给出了相关建议,为国内电磁弹射相关技术的发展提供了借鉴。