光学阵列器件的慢刀伺服车削加工技术

慢刀伺服技术是相对于快刀伺服提出的方法.采用C轴、X轴、Z轴联动的方法在极坐标或圆柱坐标内进行加工.光学阵列如微透镜阵列、微反射镜阵列在高速数据、声音和视频信号传输中具有重要作用.将光学阵列看作一个自由曲面,使用慢刀伺服车削技术一次加工成形,可以解决传统加工中将光学阵列分块加工后拼装和调整的困难.但是由于光学阵列表面形状复杂,其表面法线的突变可能会使机床运动超出伺服轴执行能力.根据慢刀伺服加工技术的特点,建立了伺服轴执行能力限制曲线,研究了不同刀具半径补偿方式对加工的影响.实验结果表明,根据机床伺服轴执,厅能力合理选择刀具半径补偿方式可实现微光学阵列器件高精度加工.     

Exact analysis of (R,s, S) inventory control systems with lost sales and zero lead time

We study an (R, s, S) inventory control policy with stochastic demand, lost sales, zero lead‐time and a target service level to be satisfied. The system is modeled as a discrete time Markov chain for which we present a novel approach to derive exact closed‐form solutions for the limiting distribution of the on‐hand inventory level at the end of a review period, given the reorder level (s) and order‐up‐to level (S). We then establish a relationship between the limiting distributions for adjacent values of the reorder point that is used in an efficient recursive algorithm to determine the optimal parameter values of the (R, s, S) replenishment policy. The algorithm is easy to implement and entails less effort than solving the steady‐state equations for the corresponding Markov model. Point‐of‐use hospital inventory systems share the essential characteristics of the inventory system we model, and a case study using real data from such a system shows that with our approach, optimal policies with significant savings in inventory management effort are easily obtained for a large family of items.     

机械抖动偏频激光陀螺静态测角方法

阐述采用机械抖动偏频激光陀螺进行静态角度测量的原理,分析测角随机误差与激光陀螺角随机游走系数、测量时间的关系,通过转台分度误差实验验证了测角随机误差公式。采用排列互比法对测角系统误差和转台分度误差进行分离。实验与理论分析表明,静态测角方法具有良好的环境适应性和稳定性,测角随机误差优于0.26″,系统误差优于1″。最后分析了进一步减小测角随机误差和系统误差的措施。     

多约束下的高超声速飞行器三维非线性自适应末制导律

面向多约束下高超声速飞行器末制导过程中的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,设计一种适于高超声速飞行器的三维非线性自适应末制导律。为了模型描述的完整性和简洁性,引入视线旋量和旋量速度的概念,并基于此建立三维制导参考模型和实际系统的表达式;为了保证制导律的鲁棒性和自适应性,基于自适应控制理论,设计一种三维非线性自适应制导律;通过数学推导证明了该制导律的稳定性。该制导律能够从理论上克服高超声速飞行器末制导面临的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,满足多约束制导要求。仿真结果验证了所设计制导律的有效性。     

含轴间距误差的消隙齿轮刚柔耦合动力学仿真

轴间距误差对消隙齿轮精度和性能有重要影响,但其机理和规律并不清楚。基于接触碰撞力约束关系建立齿轮接触动力学模型,进一步利用ADAMS/Flex建立单级消隙齿轮传动系统的刚柔耦合模型,通过刚柔耦合动力学仿真研究消隙齿轮传动在不同轴间距制造误差条件下的振动及频率特性。研究发现:随着轴间距的减小,扭簧的平均力矩增大,齿轮齿面间的啮合力矩以及摩擦力矩也将增大,从而阻碍扭矩的正常传递,并导致固定齿轮转速幅值降低;随着轴间距的增大,固定齿轮主谐振频率整体上降低,而且在轴间距稍大于标准中心距时降低很快。这一发现可指导消隙齿轮传动的设计和装配。     

金属泡沫断裂韧性的试验研究

金属泡沫在其实际应用中,断裂性能和断裂韧性对于承载的多孔金属泡沫有着重要的意义。基于美国试验材料学会相关标准,采用三点弯曲试样测定了铝泡沫的I型断裂韧性。研究表明,金属泡沫的断裂为脆性断裂,在裂纹尖端附近,孔壁最薄弱的区域最容易发生变形;随着进一步加载,一些孔壁发生断裂,微裂纹在断裂尖端附近出现。随着载荷的增加,主裂纹在缺口根部形成或由微裂纹合并而成,并开始在多孔结构内传播。裂纹沿着结构最薄弱处传播,并产生次生裂纹和裂纹桥。裂纹总的扩展方式还是I型断裂。根据试验P-V曲线特点,取最大载荷点对应的力与位移求解出铝泡沫的裂纹尖端临界张开位移的平均值为0.051 mm。     

A bivariate optimal replacement policy for a cold standby repairable system with repair priority

In this article, an optimal replacement policy for a cold standby repairable system consisting of two dissimilar components with repair priority is studied. Assume that both Components 1 and 2, after repair, are not as good as new, and the main component (Component 1) has repair priority. Both the sequence of working times and that of the components'repair times are generated by geometric processes. We consider a bivariate replacement policy (T,N) in which the system is replaced when either cumulative working time of Component 1 reaches T, or the number of failures of Component 1 reaches N, whichever occurs first. The problem is to determine the optimal replacement policy (T,N)* such that the long run average loss per unit time (or simply the average loss rate) of the system is minimized. An explicit expression of this rate is derived, and then optimal policy (T,N)* can be numerically determined through a two‐dimensional‐search procedure. A numerical example is given to illustrate the model's applicability and procedure, and to illustrate some properties of the optimal solution. We also show that if replacements are made solely on the basis of the number of failures N, or solely on the basis of the cumulative working time T, the former class of policies performs better than the latter, albeit only under some mild conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

俄罗斯军事人才生成机制对武警视级指挥院校任职教育的启示

俄罗斯军事教育注重培养学员的国家意识,强调教员必须具有很强的综合能力,教学方法灵活、实用,考试方法突出能力素质的考核。俄罗斯军事人才培养形成了注重实战演练、坚持岗位轮换、引进竞争机制、重视鉴定考核的良性机制,保证了人才培养的质量。武警部队初级指挥院校提高任职教育质量应借鉴俄罗斯军事人才培养方法,在培训内容、教员选拔、授课方法、考试形式等方面进行改革。     

灰色预测模型在非致命武器经济寿命预测中的应用

针对目前非致命武器经济寿命方面的研究相当缺乏的现状,结合非致命武器的自身特点,在全面分析装备全寿命周期费用的基础上,引入灰色理论,运用GM（1,1）模型对非致命武器的经济寿命周期费用进行估算和预测。通过分析,灰色预测模型具有较高的建模精度,预测方法和结果对非致命武器的经济寿命预测具有很强的实用性。     

多排式轴向柱塞液压马达缸体的关键技术研究

在总结国内外单排式轴向柱塞液压马达研究成果的基础上,结合多排与单排式轴向柱塞马达之间的异同,对多排式轴向柱塞马达的缸体结构模型进行分析,并以双排式轴向柱塞马达为例,研究了双排式轴向柱塞马达缸体设计的关键技术,采用参数化公式推导出双排式轴向柱塞马达缸体结构的理论设计公式,建立了双排式轴向柱塞马达缸体的数学模型。为多排式轴向柱塞马达关键技术的进一步研究提供了重要的理论依据。