利用动态综合作战能力指数筹划海战兵力需求

针对目前海军作战兵力需求问题,建立了海军作战的物理模型,并提出了用动态综合作战能力指数筹划海战兵力需求的数学模型和算法,采用战例统计法和专家打分法计算出战斗力系数.并且以航空兵空中争夺为例进行了因素分析、参数选取、效能计算并得出了明确结论.计算结果表明,采用动态综合作战能力指数作为海战兵力需求指标是可行的;信息作战能力在现代海战中具有极其重要的作用.     

Dynamic coordination of production planning and sales admission control in the presence of a spot market

We consider the decision‐making problem of dynamically scheduling the production of a single make‐to stock (MTS) product in connection with the product's concurrent sales in a spot market and a long‐term supply channel. The spot market is run by a business to business (B2B) online exchange, whereas the long‐term channel is established by a structured contract. The product's price in the spot market is exogenous, evolves as a continuous time Markov chain, and affects demand, which arrives sequentially as a Markov‐modulated Poisson process (MMPP). The manufacturer is obliged to fulfill demand in the long‐term channel, but is able to rein in sales in the spot market. This is a significant strategic decision for a manufacturer in entering a favorable contract. The profitability of the contract must be evaluated by optimal performance. The current problem, therefore, arises as a prerequisite to exploring contracting strategies. We reveal that the optimal strategy of coordinating production and sales is structured by the spot price dependent on the base stock and sell‐down thresholds. Moreover, we can exploit the structural properties of the optimal strategy to conceive an efficient algorithm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Optimal control of a production‐inventory system with both backorders and lost sales

We consider the optimal control of a production inventory‐system with a single product and two customer classes where items are produced one unit at a time. Upon arrival, customer orders can be fulfilled from existing inventory, if there is any, backordered, or rejected. The two classes are differentiated by their backorder and lost sales costs. At each decision epoch, we must determine whether or not to produce an item and if so, whether to use this item to increase inventory or to reduce backlog. At each decision epoch, we must also determine whether or not to satisfy demand from a particular class (should one arise), backorder it, or reject it. In doing so, we must balance inventory holding costs against the costs of backordering and lost sales. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process and use it to characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that the optimal policy can be described by three state‐dependent thresholds: a production base‐stock level and two order‐admission levels, one for each class. The production base‐stock level determines when production takes place and how to allocate items that are produced. This base‐stock level also determines when orders from the class with the lower shortage costs (Class 2) are backordered and not fulfilled from inventory. The order‐admission levels determine when orders should be rejected. We show that the threshold levels are monotonic (either nonincreasing or nondecreasing) in the backorder level of Class 2. We also characterize analytically the sensitivity of these thresholds to the various cost parameters. Using numerical results, we compare the performance of the optimal policy against several heuristics and show that those that do not allow for the possibility of both backordering and rejecting orders can perform poorly.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010     

Designing a screening experiment for highly reliable products

Within a reasonable life‐testing time, how to improve the reliability of highly reliable products is one of the great challenges to today's manufacturers. By using a resolution III experiment together with degradation test, Tseng, Hamada, and Chiao (1995) presented an interesting case study of improving the reliability of fluorescent lamps. However, in conducting such an experiment, they did not address the problem of how to choose the optimal settings of variables, such as sample size, inspection frequency, and termination time for each run, which are influential to the correct identification of significant factors and the experimental cost. Assuming that the product's degradation paths satisfy Wiener processes, this paper proposes a systematic approach to the aforementioned problem. First, an intuitively appealing identification rule is proposed. Next, under the constraints of a minimum probability of correct decision and a maximum probability of incorrect decision of the proposed identification rule, the optimum test plan (including the determinations of inspection frequency, sample size, and termination time for each run) can be obtained by minimizing the total experimental cost. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed method. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 514–526, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10024     

生气贯注 气韵天成——艺术创作新论：气化论

气化论哲学认为,天地万物都处于一气运化之中,是气之阴阳交感化生的结果。艺术创作过程,是宇宙之气在主体内部积淀,与主体之气相应同,化生为作品之气的过程。具体说来,包括这样几个阶段：艺术创作的契机：气感;创作前审关心境：虚静与养气;神与物游,以天合天;生气贯注,气韵天成。     

通用装备机械液压系统综合检测试验平台项目管理研究

根据通用装备机械液压系统综合检测试验平台项目研制的总体任务要求,应用现代项目管理理论和方法,确定了项目研制的生命周期阶段,分析了项目研制各阶段管理工作的主要内容,阐述了项目管理组织原则,建立了项目管理制度,划分了项目工作结构分解层次和具体管理单元,给出了项目进度计划制定的基本方法,提出了项目进度控制和质量管理的具体措施。     

基于区间数TOPSIS法优选空军战役作战计划

针对战役作战计划优选中的不确定性,运用区间分析和TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)法探索空军战役作战计划优选问题.通过引进区间数乘法运算,将区间数多指标决策问题转变为指标为区间数的多指标决策问题,进而给出区间数多指标决策问题的TOPSIS法,对空军战役作战计划进行排序选优.与传统方法相比较,该方法较好地解决了评价指标为不确定值时的多指标决策问题.     

基于舰艇编队的反舰导弹航路规划区域划分

根据舰艇编队对海导弹攻击中航路规划指挥决策的需要,为避免各舰发射的导弹出现航路交叉现象,提出了单舰导弹航路规划功能区域的概念和编队导弹航路规划区域划分的思想,建立了编队导弹航路规划区域划分模型。分别研究了一般情况和复杂情况下的导弹航路规划区域划分方法,并且结合想定装备参数进行了编程实现和算例分析。为编队指挥员实施导弹航路规划决策提供辅助决策和科学依据。     

一种基于知识的作战计划系统设计

作战计划系统是复杂的问题求解系统,在军事领域的各个方面发挥着重要的作用。介绍了当前一些主要的作战计划辅助生成系统及其特点,分析比较和归纳整理了当前军用计划系统所采用的一些常见规划技术和优缺点,重点分析了作战计划系统中的智能规划技术。在此基础上,提出了一种基于知识的作战计划辅助生成系统的开发设想,构建了系统知识库,系统采用层级任务网络规划技术,给出了这种规划技术的理论框架和算法过程,并且把这种技术与多主体规划技术相结合,辅助实现军事作战任务的逐层分解与规划优化,进而生成完整的行动序列,较好地解决了作战计划辅助生成问题。     

基于改进SLP的军事物流基地设施平面布局研究

由于传统SLP方法的不足,在解决设施较多的军事物流基地布局问题上面临较大困难。为解决此问题,提出了改进SLP方法,以军事物流基地设施间综合相互关系为基础,构建平面布局模型,并确定目标函数和主要约束条件。随后对模型的求解进行遗传算法设计,并运用Matlab编程实现模型的求解,从而得出平面布局的最优解。最后以最优解为基础,结合限制条件进行修正,完成军事物流基地设施平面布局设计。