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31.
We seek dynamic server assignment policies in finite‐capacity queueing systems with flexible and collaborative servers, which involve an assembly and/or a disassembly operation. The objective is to maximize the steady‐state throughput. We completely characterize the optimal policy for a Markovian system with two servers, two feeder stations, and instantaneous assembly and disassembly operations. This optimal policy allocates one server per station unless one of the stations is blocked, in which case both servers work at the unblocked station. For Markovian systems with three stations and instantaneous assembly and/or disassembly operations, we consider similar policies that move a server away from his/her “primary” station only when that station is blocked or starving. We determine the optimal assignment of each server whose primary station is blocked or starving in systems with three stations and zero buffers, by formulating the problem as a Markov decision process. Using this optimal assignment, we develop heuristic policies for systems with three or more stations and positive buffers, and show by means of a numerical study that these policies provide near‐optimal throughput. Furthermore, our numerical study shows that these policies developed for assembly‐type systems also work well in tandem systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
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目前微小卫星正在积极地发展中,脉冲等离子体推力器是其推进系统的一个重要发展方向,为了能够将PPT成功地运用于空间,需对其羽流进行研究.将DSMC(Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo)/PIC(Particle in Cell)流体混合算法与一维MHD放电模型相结合,一体化模拟NASA Glenn PPT羽流,对不同出口偏转角的羽流场进行模拟,并与实验结果进行了比较.计算结果显示引入出口速度的偏转角提高了模型的羽流扩散能力,羽流的扩散角是影响羽流的一个主要因素. 相似文献
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Magnetic resonance imaging and other multifunctional diagnostic facilities, which are considered as scarce resources of hospitals, typically provide services to patients with different medical needs. This article examines the admission policies during the appointment management of such facilities. We consider two categories of patients: regular patients who are scheduled in advance through an appointment system and emergency patients with randomly generated demands during the workday that must be served as soon as possible. According to the actual medical needs of patients, regular patients are segmented into multiple classes with different cancelation rates, no‐show probabilities, unit value contributions, and average service times. Management makes admission decisions on whether or not to accept a service request from a regular patient during the booking horizon to improve the overall value that could be generated during the workday. The decisions should be made by considering the cancelation and no‐show behavior of booked patients as well as the emergency patients that would have to be served because any overtime service would lead to higher costs. We studied the optimal admission decision using a continuous‐time discrete‐state dynamic programming model. Identifying an optimal policy for this discrete model is analytically intractable and numerically inefficient because the state is multidimensional and infinite. We propose to study a deterministic counterpart of the problem (i.e., the fluid control problem) and to develop a time‐based fluid policy that is shown to be asymptotically optimal for large‐scale problems. Furthermore, we propose to adopt a mixed fluid policy that is developed based on the information obtained from the fluid control problem. Numerical experiments demonstrate that this improved policy works effectively for small‐scale problems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 287–304, 2016 相似文献
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为研究前缘转捩对钝前缘三角翼涡结构的影响,采用高阶精度加权紧致非线性格式和γ-Reθ转捩模型对VFE-2中等半径钝前缘三角翼进行数值模拟。将计算结果与试验结果进行详细对比,结果表明:钝前缘三角翼的前缘分离涡发生在翼尖下游,在特定雷诺数下其具体发生位置受转捩因素影响,采用全湍流模型计算会推迟分离,而耦合转捩模型后的计算结果和试验结果吻合良好。运用耦合转捩模型方法,对钝前缘三角翼涡结构随迎角变化进行模拟。计算结果与试验结果吻合,表明在较小的迎角下,前缘不会产生分离诱导涡;随迎角不断增大,分离诱导涡在三角翼后缘附近产生并向上游移动。 相似文献
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为准确模拟航空工程中的转捩问题,在高精度数值风洞平台上采用低速平板试验数据对基于高精度加权紧致非线性格式的γ-Re_θ转捩模型进行了标定,并在二维低速问题中进行了应用。计算结果与试验的对比表明:基于高精度加权紧致非线性格式的γ-Re_θ转捩模型可准确模拟自然转捩、旁路转捩及分离转捩的位置,并且具有较低的网格敏感性;在中等雷诺数范围,层流区域和湍流区域有相同量级时,计算必须采用转捩模型才能准确模拟阻力系数。 相似文献
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为了构造在光滑区具有较高分辨率并且可以无振荡捕捉激波的高精度有限体积格式,同时降低格式在模板选择上遇到的困难,基于逐维重构方法,发展了结构网格下的高精度有限体积格式,并将这一格式推广到三维曲线坐标系下,从而可以适应相对复杂外形下的计算。为充分验证格式的有效性,选取一系列典型算例进行计算:在等熵涡输运和二维喷管流动中验证了格式的精度可以达到设计精度;在双马赫反射问题中格式也表现出良好的捕捉激波的能力。数值计算表明,上述格式在曲线网格上具有较高的数值精度和鲁棒的激波捕捉能力,适用于流体力学方程的计算。 相似文献
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采用低中频架构设计了一种0.18μm CMOS工艺的GPS/BDS双模可重构接收机射频前端,能在GPS L1模式或BDS B1模式下工作。通过频率自适应电路调整中频滤波器的时间常数,降低其频率不确定度;压控振荡器中加入4位开关电容阵列,以提高频率调谐范围和相位噪声性能;通过硬件复用的方式降低系统功耗。测试结果表明,在1.8 V电源电压下,功耗37.8 m W,电压增益为103 d B,GPS L1和BDS B1波段噪声系数均小于3.2 d B。 相似文献