空天防御作战规划问题研究

从技术与作战结合的角度,系统分析空天防御作战系统和对抗特点等问题,构建了"态势组态—目标排序—目标分配—冲突动态最优预测"新型作战规划方法,提出"博弈控制理论与方法",论述了空天防御作战规划方法论。对空天防御作战规划理论研究有一定参考价值,为发展空天防御作战规划系统提供了研究思路和技术支撑。     

The Hungarian experience with Gripen fighter aircraft

The post-communist countries transition from the Warsaw Pact style of platforms and systems to Western-compatible capabilities has never been an easy task or a process without conflicts. This was no different for the Visegrád countries either, in which case the Hungarian Gripen procurement stands out. After much debate, Budapest decided to modernize its fighter fleet with the not battle tested Swedish-made Gripen fighter aircraft. This decision received several critiques due to the lack of transparency in the selection process and the initial lack of NATO-required systems. Subsequently, the fleet has had to operate in a financially demanding environment. Moreover, the air force has lost two aircrafts in accidents. Now that the jets are in the middle of their envisaged life cycle, it is more than appropriate to answer the question if the Gripens can utilize their full combat potential or will they fail the test of time?     

利益相容理论下国防科技军民协同创新的主要问题及对策

开展军民协同创新,是推进国防科技创新发展、建立军民融合创新体系的重要战略举措。利益相容是开展军民协同创新的重要前提。文章基于利益相容原理,科学分析军民协同创新的概念、特征及其理论基础,深入论证军民协同创新对推动国防科技军民融合发展的重要价值,认真剖析军民协同创新存在的诸如交易费用分摊、利益诉求多元、利益分配冲突和创新风险分摊等利益不相容问题,从文化环境塑造、利益分配、风险分摊和利益保障等方面构建军民协同创新的利益相容机制,使得军民两类科技创新主体利益相容、诉求一致,协同合作,共同推进国防科技创新与武器装备发展。     

灰色理论GRA模型在舰船生命力论证中的应用

运用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联分析法对舰船生命力进行了综合评判,建立了在不同设计方案中的优选模型,并以舰艇动力系统的设计为例,运用GRA对其进行优化选型。结果分析表明,此方法简单易行,结果准确可靠,可为系统设计方案的选优提供理论依据。     

三轴磁强计轨道确定

未来卫星的发展趋向于微小型化 ,采用小型化、廉价和中等精度的自主导航系统是非常必要的。利用三轴磁强计量测得地磁场矢量在仪表坐标系中的分量 ,并通过卡尔曼滤波器来确定卫星的轨道参数。仿真算例结果表明 ,三轴磁强计定轨方案具有一定的精度 ,能满足卫星定轨精度的要求。     

新型移动式野战加油站建设与运用

针对部队加油站建设标准不一、形式多样、改造周期长、费用高、效率低、耐候性差的问题,本文在明确新型移动式野战加油站的建设意义和建设目标的基础上,对移动式野战加油站的整体可移动性、储油罐与加油装置集成以及边海防等一线连队的油料保障模式和建设标准进行了研究,从工艺流程、建设选址和建设标准等方面提出了基于集装箱方舱框架设计新型移动式野战加油站的保障运用模式。这种模式不仅可填补大容量战储装备空白,还可以为热点方向实施定点保障,为加快推进部队储加油设施建设向集约化转型、保障向战场延伸提供借鉴。     

舰船轴频电场产生机理及控制技术

为了减小舰船轴频电场信号,在深入分析尾轴结构的基础上,建立轴频电场等效电路模型,明确碳刷和滑环接触电阻的波动是轴频电场产生的主要因素。在对主动式轴接地(Active Shaft Grounding,ASG)系统原理进行分析的基础上,研制了原理样机,并进行了实验室船模试验和海上实船试验。试验结果表明:所研制的ASG系统能有效抑制滑环和碳刷接触电阻变化所引起的轴频电场信号,抵消效果可达90%以上,且当轴地等效电阻在回路中的比例较大时,ASG系统开启后,将导致静电场信号增加。对ASG系统输出电流的影响因素进行分析,结果表明:ASG系统的最大输出电流与阴极保护状态密切相关,与航速关系不大。     

基于前景理论和证据推理的混合型多属性决策方法

针对属性权重完全未知的混合型多属性决策问题,提出一种基于前景理论和证据推理的决策方法。通过直觉模糊数对精确数、区间数和语言变量3种混合型属性的决策信息进行统一,根据前景理论对决策信息进行转化;提出基于直觉模糊熵与相似度的属性可靠性评估方法,结合属性重要度确定属性权重;采用证据推理算法集结属性信息,得到方案的综合前景值,并以此进行方案排序。算例分析结果表明,所提方法具有较强的区分能力,能够有效降低决策结果的不确定性,对混合型多属性决策问题具有较好的适用性。     

The struggle of a Kantian power in a Lockean world – German leadership in security and defence policy

ABSTRACT

German security and defence policy has undergone substantial transformation. This transformation requires an unprecedented level of political leadership, suggesting that Germany needs to solve the dilemma of how to supply leadership to increasingly demanding partners. What are the conditions under which German leadership can unfold in security and defence policy? To what degree do German role-conceptions of international agency and role-expectations of German leadership coincide? What kind of leadership outputs are produced? This study offers a comprehensive analysis of German security and defence policy in terms of supply (role conceptions) and demand (role expectations). We outline three leadership role conceptions present in the German strategic debate, which we then assess in the context of the Wendtian theory of cultures of anarchy. We then analyse Berlin's leadership in terms of outputs via the case study on Anchor Army and the Framework Nations Concept. We conclude that while Germany has tried to match leadership role expectations both rhetorically and in action, Berlin's leadership inputs have so far been insufficient. This has led to an imbalance in terms of role conceptions and expectations hampering effective German leadership in security and defence policy.     

Do Employers Favor those with Military Experience in the U.S. Reserve Forces? Evidence from a Field Experiment

This study examines whether completed service in the military reserves results in a civilian labor market benefit. Reservists are not completely absent from the civilian labor market during their military service, possibly allowing them to receive the benefits associated with military experience without forgoing valuable civilian labor market experience. Using a resume study, the results suggest that completed service in the military reserves, relative to no military experience, increases the probability of receiving a request for an interview by 19%.