深度置信网络在导弹攻击区分类中的应用

针对传统导弹攻击区解算方法忽略双方态势变化等问题,提出运用深度置信网络的导弹攻击区分类模型。根据导弹命中情况与目标机动间的关系,将导弹攻击区划分为五类。通过分析影响导弹攻击结果的态势参数,构建导弹攻击结果预测模型。在实验部分,结合重构误差和测试错误率确定深度置信网络的网络结构,通过逐层提取数据法分析模型参数特征并且讨论微调数据的采样方式。使用反向传播神经网络和支持向量机进行分类有效性对比实验。实验结果表明：深度置信网络运行速度和预测准确度明显优于其他两种方法,满足实时性和准确性要求,所提方法具有良好的应用价值。     

Mirror,mirror on the wall,who is the most offensive of them all? – Explaining the offensive bias in military tactical thinking

This article explores why the offensive predominates military tactical thinking. With survey results showing an offensive bias among 60 per cent of senior Swedish officers and as many as 80 per cent in the case of the army, it is clear that this is not just a problem of the past but is equally relevant today. The article asks why there is a tendency to perceive and understand offensive tactics as the preferred choice and the way to conduct battle that should be encouraged and preferred. Drawing on existing research and the findings of a pilot study, ten propositions for why the offensive bias exists are tested using a mixed-method approach. Based on the findings, the article develops a model to understand why the offensive dominates military tactical thinking. It is found that the two key constitutive factors behind the offensive bias are military culture and education. These factors most directly and profoundly influence an officer’s identity, perceptions, and thinking. Military culture and education, in turn, work as a prism for four other factors: military history, the theory and principles of war, doctrine and TTPs, and psychological factors.     

Humanitarians at sea: Selective emulation across migrant rescue NGOs in the Mediterranean sea

Between 2014 and 2017, no less than 10 different non-governmental organizations (NGOs) conducted maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) operations off the coast of Libya. By rescuing over 100,000 migrants in three years, these NGOs became the largest provider of SAR in the Mediterranean. The theory of institutionalism suggests that organizations conducting similar activities are likely to converge in a process of mimetic isomorphism, deliberately imitating one another to increase their effectiveness and cope with uncertainty. These 10 SAR NGOs, however, developed two different rescue models: While some rescued migrants and disembarked them in Italian ports, others only simply assisted those in distress until the arrival of another ship transporting them to land. They also cooperated with Italian and European authorities to different degrees. Why did SAR NGOs imitated many elements of existing non-governmental rescue models, but discarded some others? This article argues that differences in material capabilities and organizational role conceptions are crucial to explain why newer SAR NGOs have imitated most but not all of their predecessors’ policies, engaging in a process of “selective emulation.”     

超声速气流中液体横向射流一次破碎过程

发展显微成像方法获得空间分辨率为1.57 μm/pixel的近场射流瞬态图像,分析超声速气流中液体横向射流表面波演化规律。采用流体体积法获得射流的三维形态及近场流场特征,研究近场流场结构及气液作用。射流的一次破碎过程主要有表面破碎和液柱破碎。其中表面破碎由气液剪切引起的K-H不稳定主导,液柱破碎由气液加速引起的R-T不稳定主导;射流柱表面局部压力的脉动是诱导产生射流迎风面表面波并促使其沿射流方向发展的主要原因;射流柱与超声速气流作用形成背风面回流,近壁面液雾主要由表面破碎及背风面回流输运的液滴组成。     

用户偏好提取MDP建模研究

将马尔可夫判决过程和智能强化学习算法相结合,给出了异构无线网络环境下用户业务偏好评估模型的技术框架。为动态环境下用户需求的感知、量化和适配特征的研究提供了基本的数学描述,对解决用户体验的评价问题和业务与业务环境的适配问题提供了新的研究思路。仿真结果表明所构建的MDP模型能够在多状态条件下学习用户偏好,根据用户需求智能选择业务。     

驱护舰编队对海攻击火力运用

针对驱护舰武器装备的发展,结合现代海上进攻战斗的新特点,对驱护舰编队对海攻击时的阶段划分、火力运用等问题进行了分析,提出了驱护舰编队对海攻击火力分配的原则和火力运用方式,并就确保编队的火力运用提出了引导保障、电磁保障应遵循的战术原则,对部队作战与训练具有一定的参考应用价值。     

复杂系统理论对作战实践的指导

比较研究了机械模式与复杂系统模式的两种作战系统观,分析了复杂系统的整体性、非线性、开放性、自适应性、不确定性等特点。然后,根据作战系统是一复杂系统这一基本观点,并以复杂系统理论为指导,探讨了作战中的指挥控制、进攻作战、防御作战的一些基本策略。     

用声纳DEMON谱用于解算目标要素方法

被动声纳观察目标一般只提供目标的方位,基于声纳方位解算目标要素的传统方法是纯方位解要素法。现代信号处理技术的发展使得通过被动声纳信号DEMON频谱可获得目标螺旋桨转速。利用声纳方位、DEMON频谱信息联合解算目标要素将比单纯依靠声纳方位解算目标要素率高。给出了通过DEMON频谱获取目标速度的方法,并通过仿真对联合解算效率与纯方位法进行了比较。     

超视距引导攻击误差计算

先敌发现,先敌攻击,争取先机制敌,是导弹攻击的重要原则.实施超视距导弹攻击,关键在于引导兵力的准确的引导.超视距引导的导弹攻击,导弹对目标的捕捉能力取决于引导配系的引导精度和导弹本身的技术、战术性能.提出了影响舰舰导弹超视距攻击误差的三要素,给出了导弹射击概率偏差的计算方法,并就对平台延伸定位法,反向延伸平台定位法和GPS定位法的定位误差进行分析,指出了引导站的安全角的实际运用中的作用.     

多机协同多目标攻击空空作战系统研究

主要研究了实现多机协同多目标攻击空空作战的关键问题--多机协同多目标攻击空空作战的空战决策,设计了空战决策算法,并对整个决策系统进行了仿真.然后,设计了多机协同多目标攻击空空作战系统,将空战决策,导弹攻击区判断,导弹攻击融为一体,并进行了仿真.仿真结果验证了空战决策算法的正确性.