基于数据仓库的装备维修经费综合预算管理信息系统设计

针对我军装备维修经费综合预算管理的内容和特点,提出了以综合预算数据库为基础、以预算分析数据仓库为中心、以操作数据存储为支撑、以联机分析处理和数据挖掘为手段的装备维修经费综合预算管理信息系统的结构模型,阐述了综合预算数据库和预算分析数据仓库设计、预算数据分析与数据挖掘模型构建的基本内容,为装备维修经费综合预算管理信息系统开发提供了新的体系框架。     

Production‐inventory systems with imperfect advance demand information and updating

We consider a supplier with finite production capacity and stochastic production times. Customers provide advance demand information (ADI) to the supplier by announcing orders ahead of their due dates. However, this information is not perfect, and customers may request an order be fulfilled prior to or later than the expected due date. Customers update the status of their orders, but the time between consecutive updates is random. We formulate the production‐control problem as a continuous‐time Markov decision process and prove there is an optimal state‐dependent base‐stock policy, where the base‐stock levels depend upon the numbers of orders at various stages of update. In addition, we derive results on the sensitivity of the state‐dependent base‐stock levels to the number of orders in each stage of update. In a numerical study, we examine the benefit of ADI, and find that it is most valuable to the supplier when the time between updates is moderate. We also consider the impact of holding and backorder costs, numbers of updates, and the fraction of customers that provide ADI. In addition, we find that while ADI is always beneficial to the supplier, this may not be the case for the customers who provide the ADI. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

作战信息交换分析与建模

在C4ISR体系结构中,虽然活动模型,逻辑数据模型及其它的产品是开发信息交换矩阵的基础,但是随着C4ISR系统越来越复杂,相应的信息元素数量也越来越多,以至于很难从这些产品直接过渡到信息交换矩阵。在数学的基本理论——集合论的基础上,提出一种识别信息交换元素的模型。它通过整理作战活动,作战节点,作战信息元素的关系,并用一种直观的方式表现作战信息元素。     

Impacts of sequential acquisition,market competition mode,and confidentiality on information flow

We investigate information flow in a setting in which 2 retailers order from a supplier and sell to a market with uncertain demand. Each retailer has access to a signal. The retailers can disclose signals to each other (horizontal information sharing), while the supplier can solicit signals by offering retailers differential payments as incentives for signal disclosure (vertical information acquisition). In the base setting, market competition is in quantity, and a retailer can fully infer the signal that the other retailer discloses to the supplier. We show that the supplier prefers to sequentialize the procedure for information acquisition. Moreover, vertical information acquisition by the supplier is a strategic complement to horizontal information sharing between the retailers to establish information flow. In the equilibrium, the retailers have no incentive to exchange signals, but system wide information transparency can be realized through a combination of information acquisition and inference. We further study the signaling effect, whereby the supplier utilizes wholesale pricing as an instrument to affect the retailers' inference of the shared signals, and price competition to explore their impacts on the supplier's preference for sequential acquisition and the sustainability of information flow.     

互联网中文搜索引擎存在的问题与发展趋势探析

搜索引擎是互联网信息检索技术的核心,中文搜索引擎与国外相比存在着搜索引擎覆盖率低、查准率不高、检索精度差、更新速度慢、无法控制网络信息的动态变化、对信息内容难于控制和管理等问题。对此,提出了中文搜索引擎从单一查询工具向综合化、全功能服务发展;分类主题一体化,检索语言向自然语言发展;查询智能化,向多国化和多语种化发展;搜索引擎集成化、网络资源著录标准化及利用智能代理技术的信息检索等对策。     

Stochastic production capacity: A bane or a boon for quick response supply chains?

The quick response (QR) system that can cope with demand volatility by shortening lead time has been well studied in the literature. Much of the existing literature assumes implicitly or explicitly that the manufacturers under QR can always meet the demand because the production capacity is always sufficient. However, when the order comes with a short lead time under QR, availability of the manufacturer's production capacity is not guaranteed. This motivates us to explore QR in supply chains with stochastic production capacity. Specifically, we study QR in a two-echelon supply chain with Bayesian demand information updating. We consider the situation where the manufacturer's production capacity under QR is uncertain. We first explore how stochastic production capacity affects supply chain decisions and QR implementation. We then incorporate the manufacturer's ability to expand capacity into the model. We explore how the manufacturer determines the optimal capacity expansion decision, and the value of such an ability to the supply chain and its agents. Finally, we extend the model to the two-stage two-ordering case and derive the optimal ordering policy by dynamic programming. We compare the single-ordering and two-ordering cases to generate additional managerial insights about how ordering flexibility affects QR when production capacity is stochastic. We also explore the transparent supply chain and find that our main results still hold.     

Information theory for ranking and selection

We study the classical ranking and selection problem, where the ultimate goal is to find the unknown best alternative in terms of the probability of correct selection or expected opportunity cost. However, this paper adopts an alternative sampling approach to achieve this goal, where sampling decisions are made with the objective of maximizing information about the unknown best alternative, or equivalently, minimizing its Shannon entropy. This adaptive learning is formulated via a Bayesian stochastic dynamic programming problem, by which several properties of the learning problem are presented, including the monotonicity of the optimal value function in an information-seeking setting. Since the state space of the stochastic dynamic program is unbounded in the Gaussian setting, a one-step look-ahead approach is used to develop a policy. The proposed policy seeks to maximize the one-step information gain about the unknown best alternative, and therefore, it is called information gradient (IG). It is also proved that the IG policy is consistent, that is, as the sampling budget grows to infinity, the IG policy finds the true best alternative almost surely. Later, a computationally efficient estimate of the proposed policy, called approximated information gradient (AIG), is introduced and in the numerical experiments its performance is tested against recent benchmarks alongside several sensitivity analyses. Results show that AIG performs competitively against other algorithms from the literature.     

基于自校正卡尔曼滤波器的信息融合算法

设计了一种新的基于ARMA模型自校正卡尔曼滤波器及其信息融合的方法,从而避免了经典卡尔曼滤波器需要精确知道系统的模型参数和噪声统计特性的缺点.仿真结果表明,在未知部分模型参数和噪声统计特性的情况下,自校正卡尔曼滤波器的滤波性能非常接近稳态最优卡尔曼滤波器;基于自校正卡尔曼滤波器的信息融合滤波性能接近基于稳态最优卡尔曼滤波器的信息融合滤波性能.     

灰色关联投影法的威胁排序算法

威胁评估与排序是作战系统和C4I系统必须具备的重要功能.结合多指标决策理论和灰色系统理论,提出了基于多指标决策灰色关联投影法的威胁排序算法.首先通过建立灰色关联判断矩阵将威胁排序转化为多指标决策问题;其次为缩小极端值的影响提出了基于信息熵的威胁指标权重算法;最后从矢量投影角度应用灰色关联投影值进行威胁排序;并分别研究了分辨系数和指标权重对威胁排序的影响.通过现代防空作战实例验证了算法的有效性和工程实用性.     

MGIS技术在海军信息战中的应用

针对军事地理信息系统(Military Geographic Information System,MGIS)在世界海军信息化作战中的重要作用及其研究现状,给出了MGIS的概念、信息流程和系统主要组成,详细阐述了MGIS在海军作战中的主要功能及其实现技术,系统论述了MGIS在海军信息化作战中的应用。最后总结了MGIS技术研究的重要意义。