浅谈法治边检建设

＂法治边检＂建设是在党的十八届三中全会提出建设＂法治中国＂目标时代背景下,在提高边检服务水平工作进入深水区、社会各界对边检工作要求日趋严格和多样化形势下,边检机关立足工作实际,顺应时代发展的必然选择。分析＂法治边检＂的理论内涵和面临形势,总结法治边检建设现状和存在问题,从构建体系型边检、有限型边检、效能型边检、责任型边检、服务型边检、信用型边检、开放型边检、廉洁型边检等方面对法治边检体系建设进行了探讨。     

基于比例危险模型的船用柴油机视情维修决策

针对船用柴油机视情维修决策问题,采用威布尔比例危险模型描述了系统状态与故障率之间的关系,利用核主成分分析对协变量进行了去相关和约简处理,以平均费用最小为决策目标,建立了视情维修的最优维修策略模型,并根据设备当前状态信息来判断是否需要进行维修。实例分析表明：该方法有效融合了历史故障信息和运行状态信息,提高了柴油机可用度,降低了维修保障费用。     

Combined proportional navigation law for interception of high-speed targets

A new proportional navigation (PN) guidance law, called combined proportional navigation (CPN), is proposed. The guidance law is designed to intercept high-speed targets, which is a common case for ballistic targets. The range of target-to-interceptor speed ratio during target interception is derived when guidance laws are applied in high-speed targets interception, and the effectiveness of negative navigation ratio in the PN-based guidance law is proven analytically in some lemmas. Based on the lemmas, the lateral acceleration command of CPN is defined, and the solution to the appearance of singularity in time-varying navigation ratio is given. The simulation results show that CPN can determine head-on engagement (as PN) or tail-chase engagement (as RPN) through initial path angle compared with PN and retro proportional navigation (RPN), and can adjust the value of navigation ratio for head-on engagement or tail-chase engagement. Therefore, the capture region of CPN is larger than that of other guidance laws using PN-based methods.     

新型双向电磁流量计信号特征提取及去噪实验研究

为有效抑制一种电磁流量计测量过程中产生的干扰,提高测量的精确度和稳定性,采用小波阈值去噪方法,将信噪比SNR和均方根误差RMSE作为去噪效果的评价指标,并按照小波阈值去噪的一般步骤,分析了小波基、阈值规则和变换尺度对去噪效果的影响。分析结果表明:小波基采用sym8、阈值规则采用强制去噪以及变换尺度为8时,该电磁流量计的输出信号去噪效果最好。     

基于粗糙集理论的军队代储应急物资品种选择

从军队对应急物资的需求特点及应急物资的特征属性出发,构建了军队代储应急物资品种选择的指标体系。在此基础上,通过部队调研和专家经验获得了一组军队代储应急物资品种选择的样本数据并形成了决策表,运用基于可辨识矩阵的属性频率约简算法对决策表进行属性约简,并对约简属性集进行属性值约简,提取出军队代储应急物资品种的选择规则。提取的规则简洁合理,能够为军队代储应急物资品种选择提供决策支持。     

结合规则知识与神经网络于空袭武器的辅助选择

结合规则推理与神经网络,提出了一种新的空袭武器辅助选择方法。其根据空袭武器选择的基本原则以及问题的特点,构造T-S模糊逻辑系统及其实现的相应神经网络模型,然后通过已有的战例与试验例子训练神经网络,并对问题进行求解,得出空袭武器选择提供依据(一种量化的武器适用度)。另外,还利用专家提供的规则知识于学习实例的预处理,学习实例信息的扩充。     

临近空间驻留飞艇模糊变结构姿态控制方法

针对临近空间驻留飞艇姿态运动的非线性、耦合和不确定等特点,提出了一种模糊变结构解耦控制方法。首先,推导了定点模式下飞艇的姿态运动方程,通过选取状态向量和控制向量,将其描述为非线性系统。然后,采用反馈线性化方法将非线性姿态控制系统输入输出解耦为三个通道的线性子系统;利用滑模变结构控制对参数摄动的不变性设计了定点姿态控制系统,并应用Lyapunov理论证明了系统的全局稳定性;为提高控制性能,以变结构控制的滑模面及其变化率为模糊控制器的输入,以趋近律参数为模糊控制器的输出设计了模糊变结构控制器,通过模糊规则在线调整控制律参数。最后,对具有参数不确定的姿态控制系统进行了数值仿真,验证了控制方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

临近空间防空导弹制导律

基于临近空间防空导弹,在拦截高空高速大机动目标的条件下,对导弹的制导律进行了研究。给出了微分对策制导律的理论知识及其具体算法,通过Simulink工具进行模块化建模,并将制导律模型引入导弹六自由度模型中进行仿真,对比分析导弹飞行轨迹和需用过载,表明微分对策制导律要比常用的比例导引制导律更优。     

常用航迹初始化技术分析

评价了四种常用的航迹初始方法的性能,这四种方法是:基于规则的方法,基于逻辑的方法,霍夫法和改进的霍夫变换法。详细描述了这四种方法,针对距离方位系统,通过蒙特卡洛模拟比较了在杂波环境下各种算法对于捕获新航迹和产生虚假航迹的概率,特别是多目标的情况下。     

A misclassification cost‐minimizing evolutionary–neural classification approach

Machine learning algorithms that incorporate misclassification costs have recently received considerable attention. In this paper, we use the principles of evolution to develop and test an evolutionary/genetic algorithm (GA)‐based neural approach that incorporates asymmetric Type I and Type II error costs. Using simulated, real‐world medical and financial data sets, we compare the results of the proposed approach with other statistical, mathematical, and machine learning approaches, which include statistical linear discriminant analysis, back‐propagation artificial neural network, integrated cost preference‐based linear mathematical programming‐based minimize squared deviations, linear integrated cost preference‐based GA, decision trees (C 5.0, and CART), and inexpensive classification with expensive tests algorithm. Our results indicate that the proposed approach incorporating asymmetric error costs results in equal or lower holdout sample misclassification cost when compared with the other statistical, mathematical, and machine learning misclassification cost‐minimizing approaches. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006.