军事通信网信息优势指标及评估模型研究

军事通信网信息优势评估指标的确定和量化是C4ISR效能评估体系中的重要环节。针对军事通信网的特点,在分析信息优势定义的基础上,结合军事通信网的具体业务需求,深入分析网系完整性和精确性,利用期望时延重新定义时效性,并提出信息能力资源利用率指标,以及绝对信息优势、隐性信息优势和显性信息优势概念,根据所确定的指标,给出了军事通信网信息优势基本的定量描述方法。     

考虑扰动引力影响的弹道助推段误差传播解析计算方法

针对地球扰动引力对弹道导弹惯性导航精度影响日益突出这一问题,研究了沿弹道扰动引力的多项式拟合方法,并基于线性系统理论和弹道摄动思想推导了用于求解扰动引力对弹道助推段状态影响的完整解析表达式。同时考虑扰动引力影响与导弹视加速度之间的耦合特性,将扰动引力引起的视加速度偏差视为扰动引力影响的附加补偿项,并进行迭代修正。仿真结果表明:扰动引力拟合残差小于3×10~(-7)m/s~2,考虑耦合项修正的弹道误差传播解析模型计算残差减小为原有方法的1/3,计算时间仅为直接采用弹道积分求差法的1/10。     

多输入多输出雷达恒模稳健波形联合优化算法

针对目标冲激响应及杂波冲激响应分布特性先验知识不准确导致的多输入多输出雷达检测性能下降的问题,提出恒模稳健波形与接收机滤波器联合优化算法。将目标冲激响应及杂波冲激响应分布特性先验知识不准确时的优化问题建模为一个极大极小化问题。运用迭代优化算法将联合优化问题分解为两个子优化步骤:将波形固定时的接收机滤波器权值优化问题建模为广义瑞利商模型,求解得到相应的接收机滤波器权值矢量;利用半正定松弛技术对权值固定时的波形优化问题进行求解,获得对应的波形矩阵,并根据得到的波形矩阵,通过高斯随机化的方法获得所需的恒模波形。对所提算法的收敛性进行了证明,仿真结果表明所提算法有效。     

应用锤击法的大型复合材料桁架结构段自由振动分析

复合材料桁架结构以其轻质和优异的力学性能应用于大型航天航空飞行器结构,其承载能力和振动特性是决定其应用效果的关键因素。本文考察了大型碳纤维/环氧复合材料方形截面桁架结构段的自由振动特性。采用锤击法实验测试得到了复合材料桁架结构段自由振动的模态和频率,并与有限元数值模拟结果进行对比分析,论证了锤击法测试振动特性在复合材料桁架结构上应用的可行性和准确性。     

图像恢复中的稳健交替方向乘子法

交替方向乘子法在解决线性逆问题(包括图像恢复)中取得了良好的效果,但是其效果对惩罚参数的选择非常敏感,不利于具体的应用。提出基于惩罚参数自适应选择原理的稳健交替方向乘子法,对其优化条件和收敛性进行了详细分析。实验表明,在基于Parseval紧框架的图像恢复应用中,该算法不但对惩罚参数的选择表现出良好的稳健性,而且效果优于交替方向乘子法,并优于其他目前热门的算法。     

机体/推进一体化飞行器动导数频域计算方法

运用Etkin非定常气动力模型,将谐波平衡法应用于复杂外形动导数辨识。计算结果表明:谐波平衡法和时域方法的动导数辨识结果一致,与实验值吻合,验证了程序的正确性和谐波平衡法的可靠性。采用谐波平衡法对类X-51高超声速机体/推进一体化飞行器WR-A进行动导数辨识,并与时域方法的计算结果比较,考察了该方法在复杂外形下数值模拟非定常流动和动导数辨识的能力。实验结果表明:对于WR-A这种复杂外形飞行器,谐波平衡法也能在保证精度的同时具有较高的计算效率。     

Insurgent courts in civil wars: the three pathways of (trans)formation in today’s Syria (2012–2017)

As part of research on the meso-foundations of conflict, the field of ‘rebel governance’ examines political institutions that regulate the affairs of civilians in wartime as well as their relations with armed actors. Judicial institutions play an important role in this and research has shown that they are widespread among both historical and current insurgencies. However, usually these bodies have been analysed in the context of one hegemonic faction like the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka and the Afghan Taliban. What is missing so far is an analysis of different pathways of (trans)formation of rebel courts. As exemplified by the three case studies of judicial institutions in Eastern Ghouta, Idlib and Aleppo, these are shaped by the distribution of power between ‘same-side’ groups, yielding unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar constellations. The analysis is located on the meso or movement level of insurgent social structures, complementing research on the micro and macro levels.     

Classical geopolitics,realism and the balance of power theory

Since the end of World War II, classical geopolitics as a particular form of realism has been disengaged from the development of mainstream realist theories. This disengagement has not only concealed the value of classical geopolitics as a framework of analysis for policy and strategy, but also created an increasing rift between theory and policy in contemporary realist theories. This paper seeks to reengage classical geopolitics with mainstream realist theories by clarifying its realist traits and analytical characteristics, (re)stating its core propositions and probing into its potential contribution to the development of mainstream realist theories. This paper contends that classical geopolitics, while having a distinctive pedigree, can arguably be considered an integral part of the family of realist theories in view of its basic theoretical assumptions concerning international anarchy, the unit of analysis and power politics. As a framework of analysis, classical geopolitics incorporates three interrelated strategic propositions. Those three propositions not only constitute the theoretical core of classical geopolitics, but also manifest a peculiar balance-of-power conception that is essentially distinct from those proposed by mainstream realist theories. This paper argues that those three propositions combined promise to fill in prominent lacuna in the balance-of-power research programme, and also have significant implications for contemporary world politics.     

临近空间拦截弹最优弹道跟踪制导律

针对拦截临近空间高超声速飞行器的弹道跟踪过程,基于线性二次型调节器理论和高斯伪谱法设计一种跟踪制导律。为了对标称弹道进行精确跟踪,考虑线性二次型跟踪问题,应用最优控制理论推导最优解的充要条件,得到带时变增益的线性状态反馈控制量的表达式;基于高斯伪谱法,在离散的勒让德-高斯点上利用标称弹道数据计算差分矩阵和系数矩阵,求得状态扰动反馈控制律。仿真结果表明,与基于求解矩阵黎卡提方程的方法相比,该方法选取较少的节点即可获得高精度的反馈控制量,且运算效率大幅提高,满足在线实施要求。     

采用正交分集的灵巧噪声干扰对抗方法

针对数字射频存储干扰机多通道宽带转发模式下的灵巧噪声干扰,提出了基于混沌调制信号、多谐波相位调制线性调频信号的正交分集抗干扰方法。混沌调制信号与多谐波相位调制线性调频信号具有"图钉"形模糊函数,除了具有良好的距离、多普勒分辨力,还对回波频率敏感,通过正交分集设计,能够更好地适应宽带转发灵巧噪声干扰。通过计算机仿真对新方法的抗干扰性能进行了分析和验证,结果表明:在多通道宽带转发灵巧噪声干扰环境下,新方法的抗干扰改善因子能够达到10 d B以上,抗干扰性能明显优于传统的频率捷变、斜率捷变方法。