Identifying the challenges to defence reform in Central and Eastern Europe: observations from the field

The authors have over 50 years' experience of working on defence in Central and Eastern Europe. They have been intimately involved in trying to reform over 10 national defence organisations including Ukraine. During this work, they often faced intractable resistance and scepticism or conversely, apparent unbounded support, but following this, a complete lack of any actual implementation work by officials. This paper addresses some of the findings and observations identified by the authors that appear to cause these responses and the consequent failure of reform. A new research approach has been taken by using the business and culture tools from Schein, Hofstede and Kotter to try and unravel the underlying causality of that failure. The second part of the paper produces a new process for change based upon the research conclusions to help other advisers and consultants working on reform in the post communist defence arena.     

基于μC／OS-Ⅱ和ARM的嵌入式系统功耗管理

为开发低功耗嵌入式系统和节约能源,分析了嵌入式系统的功耗来源及分类,提出了嵌入式系统的功耗设计方法,包括总体功耗设计、处理器选择、接口电路设计、电源供给电路设计以及动态电源管理等。基于以上方法,以μC／OS-Ⅱ和ARM LPC2131为研究平台,对上述功耗设计方法进行了实验验证。结果表明,采用合适的功耗设计,将大大降低嵌入式系统的功耗。     

4电平S类数字功放的电平合成策略

通过增加量化电平,Delta-Sigma调制器输出序列能够获得更好的调制性能。但在S类数字功放中,受限于开关功放的实现结构,多电平Delta-Sigma调制器输出脉冲序列无法直接驱动开关功放,需采用由多个开关功放单元构成的多电平开关功放。针对2比特Delta-Sigma调制器输出序列,分析了电平合成策略对4电平S类数字功放性能的影响,提出了两种优化的电平合成策略。理论分析和仿真结果表明,采用合适的电平合成策略,4电平S类数字功放可以获得更优的输出性能,尤其在输出功率回退状态下,电平合成策略对功放性能的影响更为显著。     

A nuclear-armed North Korea without ICBMs: the best achievable objective

This article analyzes the North Korean nuclear crisis from a balance-of-power perspective. It is in the long-term interests of international peace for a secure and independent North Korea to serve as a buffer between US and Chinese ground forces. However, the conventional military advantage of the South Korean-American alliance over North Korea has grown drastically since the end of the Cold War, threatening North Korea’s survival. Since North Korea lacks any reliable ally, nuclear weapons represent its most cost-effective way to restore a balance of power and thus secure itself. Accepting security guarantees in exchange for its nuclear arsenal is rhetorically appealing but not a viable approach. North Korea’s development of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), however, has overcompensated for the post-Cold War imbalance, inviting talk in Washington of waging a preventive war. Persuading North Korea to give up its ICBM capability, not its nuclear arsenal, should therefore be the primary objective of US diplomacy.     

引入电流变化率的电源分布网络最差噪声分析算法

随着时钟频率的增加以及电源电压的降低,电源完整性问题日益凸显。将电流变化率加入到最差噪声算法的电流约束中,能够在任意电流变化率的情况下分析电源分布网络的最差噪声,从而获得更加真实的最差噪声。另外,利用改进的Knuth-Yao四边形不等式法对基于动态规划的最差噪声算法进行加速,加速后算法的时间复杂度从O(n~2m)降为O(mnlogn)。     

Evolutionary determinants of war

This paper considers evolutionarily stable decisions about whether to initiate violent conflict rather than accepting a peaceful sharing outcome. Focusing on small sets of players such as countries in a geographically confined area, we use the concept of evolutionary stability in finite populations. We find that players’ evolutionarily stable preferences widen the range of peaceful resource allocations that are rejected in favor of violent conflict, compared to the Nash equilibrium outcomes. Relative advantages in fighting strength are reflected in the equilibrium set of peaceful resource allocations.     

基于快速独立分量分析的异步多用户检测方法

深入分析了非理想功率控制下异步CDMA多用户接收机的信号特点,推导出了多小区接收信号模型。提出了基于快速独立分量分析(Fast Independent Component Analysis,FastICA)的异步多用户检测方法,该方法具有抗远近效应,抗多址干扰的能力。仿真结果表明:该算法具有迭代次数少、计算量小、多用户分离效果好的优点,非常适合于非理想功率控制下的多用户检测,该方法大大提高了非理想功率控制下多用户接收机的性能。     

夺取战场综合控制权军队指挥中的对策

作战实践表明,作战的核心问题是如何牢牢把握控制权。随着新制权理论的不断涌现,制权的重心从制海权、制空权、制信息权、制交通权等拓展至战场综合控制权。分析了夺取战场综合控制权指挥活动的特点和可能遇到问题,论述了战场维度、社会形态和科技发展对夺取战场综合控制权指挥活动带来的影响,并对夺取战场综合控制权军队指挥活动进行了初步探讨,提出夺取战场综合控制权应实施一体化联合作战指挥、形成军地联合指挥控制机制、建设完善夺取战场综合控制权的物质条件等对策性措施,对夺取战场综合控制权军队指挥活动有一定借鉴意义。     

某大型超市电气消防安全设计

对大型超市进行合理的电气消防安全设计将直接关系人员的生命安全和国家的财产安全。以实际工程为研究对象,依据《民用建筑电气设计规范》、《火灾自动报警系统设计规范》等相关规范,结合工程实际,重点针对消防供配电系统、火灾探测器和手动报警按钮的布置以及消防设备的联动控制进行了设计。     

切尔诺贝利核事故救援对我国核电消防部队建设的启示

介绍了切尔诺贝利核事故消防部队救援的基本情况以及经验和教训,并针对我国目前核电消防的现状,结合切尔诺贝利核事故救援的经验和教训,就我国核电消防安全和队伍建设提出了建议和意见。