Numerical investigation of the failure mechanism of cubic concrete specimens in SHPB tests

Cylindrical specimens are commonly used in Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests to study the uniaxial dynamic properties of concrete-like materials.In recent years,true tri-axial SHPB equipment has also been developed or is under development to investigate the material dynamic properties under tri-axial impact loads.For such tests,cubic specimens are needed.It is well understood that static material strength obtained from cylinder and cube specimens are different.Conversion factors are obtained and adopted in some guidelines to convert the material strength obtained from the two types of specimens.Previous uniaxial impact tests have also demonstrated that the failure mode and the strain rate effect of cubic specimens are very different from that of cylindrical ones.However,the mechanical background of these findings is unclear.As an extension of the previous laboratory study,this study performs numerical SHPB tests of cubic and cylindrical concrete specimens subjected to uniaxial impact load with the validated numerical model.The stress states of cubic specimens in relation to its failure mode under different strain rates is analyzed and compared with cylindrical specimens.The detailed analyses of the numerical simulation results show that the lateral inertial confinement of the cylindrical specimen is higher than that of the cubic specimen under the same strain rates.For cubic specimen,the corners are more severely damaged because of the lower lateral confinement and the occurrence of the tensile radial stress which is not observed in cylindrical specimens.These results explain why the dynamic material strengths obtained from the two types of specimens are different and are strain rate dependent.Based on the simulation results,an empirical formula of conversion factor as a function of strain rate is proposed,which supplements the traditional conversion factor for quasi-static material strength.It can be used for transforming the dynamic compressive strength from cylinders to cubes obtained from impact tests at different strain rates.     

Experimental study on the cavity evolution and liquid spurt of hydrodynamic ram

In research of the characteristics of the cavity evolution, the pressure, and the liquid spurt in hydrodynamic ram, the experiment of the high-velocity fragment impacting the water-filled container had been conducted. The relationships between the above three characteristics have been researched. The evolution of the cavity can be divided into three processes according to its shape characteristics. The first liquid spurt occurred in Process Ⅱ and the rest of it occurred in Process Ⅲ. The duration of the second liquid spurt is longer than the first liquid spurt. When the impact velocity of the fragment is less than 996 m/s, the velocity of the second liquid spurt is the highest. When the velocity of the fragment is greater than 996 m/s, the velocity of the first liquid spurt is the highest. The maximum velocities of the first and second liquid spurt are 111 m/s and 94 m/s respectively. The pressure fluctuated sharply in Processes Ⅰ and Ⅲ. The maximum peak pressures in the shock and the cavity oscillation phases are 15.51 MPa and 7.96 MPa respectively. The time interval of the two adjacent pressure pulses increases with the increase of the fragment velocity.     

加强和改进消防行政执法之我见

消防行政执法是公安消防机构最主要的职责和基本活动,是消防执法人员的经常性工作。根据形势发展对消防行政执法的要求,结合消防行政执法实践,揭示了当前行政执法中存在的问题及其致因,并提出了加强和改进消防行政执法的基本对策。     

差动轮系在火炮补弹系统中的应用与分析

描述了某小口径火炮补弹系统的特点,设计了一种新型的差动轮系翻转机构。通过使用ADAMS机械系统动力学仿真软件建立动力学模型并仿真分析计算,得到翻转机构的动力学曲线和运动规律,仿真数据与理论计算数据相一致,结果表明ADAMS软件对复杂模型的仿真准确可靠,对以后的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。     

基于效用函数分析的消防部队人力资本激励机制设计

消防部队现代化离不开人才队伍建设,有效的人力资本激励机制是消防部队聚集和吸纳人才的必要手段。在对激励机制作用下的消防部队人力资本效用和消防部队人力资本特征进行分析的基础上,探讨了实现消防部队人力资本效用的激励机制设计。     

建立科学防范机制切实加强后勤反腐倡廉建设

机制建设具有根本性、独立性、规范性和稳定性,对廉政建设能够起到持续的促进作用。在加强武警部队后勤系统反腐倡廉建设中,必须注重建立教育倡廉、权力制衡、制度兴廉、监督促廉等科学防范长效机制。     

关于构建东西部高校对口支援长效机制研究

对口支援政策实施以来,受援高校在师资队伍建设、学科建设、人才培养、科学研究等方面取得了显著进步,对口支援工作成效显著。随着支、受援高校数量的不断增多,支援内容不断丰富,工作目标不明确、运行资源不足、协调力度不够、约束机制不到位等问题也逐渐显现出来,影响了对口支援的顺利开展和长远发展。因此,本文基于目标管理理论,在分析高校对口支援工作现存问题的基础上,尝试构建东西部高校对口支援长效机制,以期为推进对口支援工作提供指导。     

基于虚拟样机的供输弹机液压系统故障仿真

供输弹机是火炮实现装填自动化的重要机构,涉及机电液等多种系统的耦合,故障率较高.为了能够真实地模拟供输弹机液压系统的故障过程,提出了适用于大型复杂系统耦合仿真的协同仿真方法,建立了完整的供输弹机虚拟样机,较好地解决了机电液耦合、多碰撞拓扑等难题,并通过实装试验数据验证了虚拟样机仿真的可信性.以溢流阀发生粘滞阻力过大和液控单向阀发生控制油路故障为例,说明了故障发生时供输弹机的动力学响应特性,明确了故障机理,为快速地进行故障特征提取和积累故障样本奠定了良好的基础.     

军队综合大学实战化训练研究

从军队综合大学实战化训练面临的挑战和问题入手,提出了未来战争牵引军队综合大学实战化训练,在训练理念、训练内容、训练模式、训练环境、教学力量等多层面贴近未来实战。在继承和发展传统训练的基础上,动态多样地拓展实战化训练途径。     

红外图像强固定模式显著性噪声抑制

针对红外成像设备对天远距离观测中得到的小目标、强固定模式噪声这一类典型数据,提出基于显著性的红外图像强固定模式噪声抑制算法。对此类图像数据进行特性分析,指出图像中目标区域相对于背景固定模式噪声区域是显著的,利用显著性检测算法分离出图像中目标区域及背景,对不同区域分别采取不同处理,仅基于单幅图像信息实现强固定模式噪声的有效抑制。通过大量小目标、强固定模式噪声红外图像对算法性能进行测试。结果表明,本算法能够准确提取出图像中目标区域,实现图像中强固定模式噪声的有效抑制。