不同边界条件下水下爆炸气泡的数值模拟

采用有限元程序MSC.Dytran对不同边界条件下水下爆炸气泡的脉动过程进行了数值模拟。对数值模拟中的一些重要问题,如炸药药包的建模、网格密度、状态方程和静压力场的设定等问题进行了探讨。对无限水域中的水下爆炸气泡以及自由面边界、水平刚性面边界和垂直刚性面边界三种边界条件下的水下爆炸气泡进行了数值模拟,分析了水下爆炸气泡的半径、外形变化、气泡脉动压力、流场中的速度分布,结果发现边界的存在对气泡外形的影响较大,刚性边界面会使气泡脉动压力增大较多,而自由面边界对气泡脉动压力的影响较小。将数值模拟的结果与理论模型、经验公式和试验结果进行了比较分析,结果吻合较好。     

基于小波配点法的空间机械臂关节轨迹规划

针对平面型空间机械臂关节轨迹优化问题,提出一种基于小波配点法的数值算法。该算法在区间样条小波函数及其导数算法的基础上,对状态变量与控制变量在小波配点上作离散化处理,然后将原最优控制问题转化为以小波系数为优化参数的非线性规划问题,利用非线性规划算法求解该问题得到原问题的解。算法可充分利用小波具有非线性逼近的优点,提高计算精度和效率。对典型问题进行数值仿真,结果表明该算法对空间机械臂关节轨迹优化问题是有效的。     

拖缆强度校核的随机模拟方法

建立了拖缆的动态拉力模型,应用蒙特卡罗随机模拟方法对已知方案中的拖缆强度进行了校核.结果表明,分析其失效概率能够对拖缆选型给出直观的评价,有利于提高拖航的安全性.     

一种改进的遥感图像分形维数提取算法

基于离散分形布朗随机场的图像分数维提取方法,在综合分析和实验验证的基础上,提出了一种改进的图像分形维数计算方法。仿真实验证明,该算法相较于原算法计算结果稳定,不同地物的区分能力强,能够应用于遥感图像的地物分类。     

基于比例危险模型的产品竞争失效分析

突发型失效与退化型失效共存的竞争失效问题在实践中大量存在,一般情况下突发失效是受退化量大小影响的。文中利用比例危险模型分析了突发失效与退化量的关系,给出了竞争失效的一般模型及模型的参数估计方法,最后利用所给模型对强激光装置所用的金属化膜脉冲电容器进行了可靠性分析。     

ESD与方波脉冲对集成电路注入损伤的比较研究

采用方波脉冲和ESD脉冲对3种集成电路进行了注入损伤效应实验,目的是比较二者对器件损伤的异同之处。分析时,首先对实验数据作拟合分析,建立起相关的数学模型,然后将模型值和实际值进行比较。可得到结论:实验器件有高压强场致PN结击穿和热效应2种损伤模式。对同一种器件,2种注入方式下的损伤模式相同或类似。方波注入下,各损伤阈值参数可拟合为1个式子来描述它们之间的关系,ESD注入下则还不确定;对同一器件,不同注入方式下的阈值不同,目前结果表明相差2~3倍。     

Optimal replacement of continuously degrading systems in partially observed environments

Motivated by wind energy applications, we consider the problem of optimally replacing a stochastically degrading component that resides and operates in a partially observable environment. The component's rate of degradation is modulated by the stochastic environment process, and the component fails when it is accumulated degradation first reaches a fixed threshold. Assuming periodic inspection of the component, the objective is to minimize the long‐run average cost per unit time of performing preventive and reactive replacements for two distinct cases. The first case examines instantaneous replacements and fixed costs, while the second considers time‐consuming replacements and revenue losses accrued during periods of unavailability. Formulated and solved are mixed state space, partially observable Markov decision process models, both of which reveal the optimality of environment‐dependent threshold policies with respect to the component's cumulative degradation level. Additionally, it is shown that for each degradation value, a threshold policy with respect to the environment belief state is optimal if the environment alternates between two states. The threshold policies are illustrated by way of numerical examples using both synthetic and real wind turbine data. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 395–415, 2015     

Progressive Type‐II censoring and coherent systems

A new connection between the distribution of component failure times of a coherent system and (adaptive) progressively Type‐II censored order statistics is established. Utilizing this property, we develop inferential procedures when the data is given by all component failures until system failure in two scenarios: In the case of complete information, we assume that the failed component is also observed whereas in the case of incomplete information, we have only information about the failure times but not about the components which have failed. In the first setting, we show that inferential methods for adaptive progressively Type‐II censored data can directly be applied to the problem. For incomplete information, we face the problem that the corresponding censoring plan is not observed and that the available inferential procedures depend on the knowledge of the used censoring plan. To get estimates for distributional parameters, we propose maximum likelihood estimators which can be obtained by solving the likelihood equations directly or via an Expectation‐Maximization‐algorithm type procedure. For an exponential distribution, we discuss also a linear estimator to estimate the mean. Moreover, we establish exact distributions for some estimators in the exponential case which can be used, for example, to construct exact confidence intervals. The results are illustrated by a five component bridge system. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 512–530, 2015     

某越野火箭炮行驶垂向动态特性研究

以某型高机动越野火箭炮为研究对象,基于随机路面激励,应用多刚体系统动力学和柔性多体动力学的理论,建立该越野火箭炮刚柔耦合模型,研究其行驶垂向动力学特性。考虑了油气弹簧的非线性特性以及轮胎的作用,重点编写了B、C、D级路面的随机路面谱,进行不同车速下的行驶动力学仿真。结果表明,非线性的油气悬架系统能较好地减轻路面的垂向冲击。仿真得到的车炮动态响应特性曲线,为该高机动火箭炮的研制提供了有用的参考。     

基于GERT的武器装备维修备件订货间隔期预测

由于武器装备维修备件的需求是随机波动的,订货间隔期的准确预测就成为了一个难点。针对这样一个随机波动的需求系统,提出了利用GERT随机网络模型对其进行描述,进而求出随机波动需求的订货间隔期的解析表达式,解决了不确定性需求的订货间隔期的预测问题,为武器装备维修备件的科学管理提供数据支持。通过实例验证表明,GERT随机网络模型是解决武器装备维修备件订货间隔期的一种有效手段和方法。