Parametric study of single confined fragment launch explosive device

In this article, parametric study of single confined fragment launch device was carried out. The configuration proposed was further studied to derive the empirical relationship for effect of fragment size, charge size, confinement thickness on fragment velocity. The simulations were carried out using ANSYS-AUTODYNE explicit solver. Fragment velocities were estimated as a function of different parametric combinations of explosive quantities, charge length to diameter ratio, fragment height to diameter ratio, confinement thickness, fragment material and fragment mass. The data was further converted to charge to metal ratio under fragment and confinement. It was observed that, increase in confinement thickness, charge quantity and decrease in fragment height increases the fragment velocity. It is also noted that, charge to metal mass ratio under fragment significantly affects the fragment velocity. At the end, an empirical relationship for fragment velocity interms of all these parameters was established. Using these relations, two velocities 1831.92 m/s and 2523.9 m/s required for NATO STANAG 4496 IM test were estimated. The design parameters for these velocities are presented. Also, the results estimated using the empirical relationship has been compared with published experimental data. Error in the predicted velocities is within the acceptable range. The empirical relationship proposed will be useful for finalization of design of the fragment launch device.     

电磁轨道发射中内弹道动力响应特性分析

将轨道简化为移动载荷作用下固定在弹性支撑上的Bernoulli-Euler梁,通过静态电磁-结构耦合有限元模型求得外围封装的等效刚度,计算得到发射器的临界速度。另外,利用混合有限元/边界元法建立电磁-结构-运动多物理场耦合的动力学模型,求得枢轨动态接触压力和轨道的应力应变分布特性。通过在轨道背面布置光纤光栅应变传感器,利用测量数据验证了动力响应特性,并分析了弹丸在内弹道的稳定性。针对典型30 mm × 30 mm矩形口径发射器,分析及试验结果表明：C型电枢对轨道的电磁挤压力在平顶沿起始时刻达到最大值,之后随着时间推移逐渐减小;电枢通过引起的应力波在高速段容易与轨道中反射应力波发生共振,并且轨道在电枢运动的中间高速段区域受力最为集中,应力集中水平约是起始低速段区域的2.44倍;电枢运动高速段会出现晃动现象,进而引起上下轨道受力的不对称性。分析及试验结果对研究电磁轨道发射器内弹道动力响应特性和发射器结构设计具有重要指导意义。     

超声速燃烧火焰放热区结构CH-PLIF成像技术

超燃冲压发动机是吸气式高超声速飞行器的关键部件之一,超燃冲压发动机燃烧室内火焰结构的研究对揭示超声速燃烧的稳焰机理具有重要意义。利用平面激光诱导荧光（Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence,PLIF）技术测量了超声速燃烧直连式试验台燃烧过程中重要自由基CH的二维分布,实现了超声速燃烧火焰放热区结构的可视化。在开敞空间的低速射流火焰炉中使用甲烷/空气预混火焰对CH-PLIF技术进行了初步验证和系统优化,再利用CH-PLIF技术在凹腔稳焰的超燃直连台上实现了超声速燃烧火焰放热区结构的二维可视化,并与OH-PLIF和CH自发辐射测量结果进行了对比。实验结果表明,在开敞空间的低速射流预混火焰中,火焰放热区会发生扭曲、褶皱和分裂等现象,随着雷诺数的增大,火焰锋面褶皱程度更加显著;在凹腔稳焰的超声速燃烧中,火焰放热区高度褶皱和破碎,放热区结构的厚度为0.5～6.5 mm,同时也存在放热区的分裂与剥离等现象。CH-PLIF技术能够以较高的空间分辨率更准确地呈现凹腔超声速火焰放热区的结构,其在凹腔稳焰的超声速燃烧诊断中具有重要的应用价值。     

新体制导航信号下I/Q幅相不一致对接收机测距零值的影响分析

随着现代化导航信号带宽的增大,由于可以大幅降低采样率,复信号采样的优势日趋明显。由于存在I/Q幅相误差,复信号采样对导航接收机伪距测量造成了一定影响。改进了信道非理想与I/Q幅相误差共同影响BPSK/QPSK信号零值测量的分析模型;在该模型基础上,推导得到了任意I/Q误差和信道非理想特性影响BOC信号伪距零值的模型;探讨了二者在频域抗干扰应用场景下引起的零值变化;理论分析与软件接收机仿真结果高度吻合,误差在1.5×10^-4码片内,证明了分析模型的精确性。该分析方法可用于对高性能导航接收机信道特性进行事先约束及筛选,以确保干扰场景下的零值变化满足要求。     

微机上运行的多功能仿真语言GASP/PC

文中介绍了IRM-PC机上多功能仿真软件GASP/PC的开发,叙述了GASP/PC仿真语言的形成以及对于连续、离散和复合仿真模型的GASP/PC语言的结构与仿真方法。     

Shaped charge penetration into high- and ultrahigh-strength Steel–Fiber reactive powder concrete targets

Experiments on shaped charge penetration into high and ultrahigh strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete (RPC) targets were performed in this paper. Results show that the variation of penetration depth and crater diameter with concrete strength is different from that of shaped charge penetration into normal strength concrete (NSC). The crater diameter of RPC is smaller than that of NSC penetrated by the shaped charge. The jet particles are strongly disturbed and hardly reach the crater bottom because they pass through the narrow channel formed by jet penetration into the RPC. The effects of radial drift velocity and gap effects of jet particles for a shaped charge penetration into RPC target are discussed. Moreover, a theoretical model is presented to describe the penetration of shaped charge into RPC target. As the concrete strength increases, the penetration resistance increases and the entrance crater diameter decreases. Given the drift velocity and narrow crater channel, the low-velocity jet particles can hardly reach the crater bottom to increase the penetration depth. Moreover, the narrow channel has a stronger interference to the jet particles with increasing concrete strength; hence, the gap effects must be considered. The drift velocity and gap effects, which are the same as penetration resistance, also have significant effects during the process of shaped charge penetration into ultrahigh-strength concrete. The crater profiles are calculated through a theoretical model, and the results are in good agreement with the experiments.     

报刊编辑工作中视而不见现象分析

报刊编辑工作中,有的编辑对文稿反复看了几遍,仍有一些问题被疏忽,这种“视而不见”现象在报刊编辑工作中具有一定的普遍性。究其原因,一是编辑人员事业心、责任心问题,二是文字功底不强。要避免这种现象,编辑就要加强责任心;保持如履薄冰的心态;提高自身素质。     

一种GPS数字中频信号软件模拟器的设计

为了给GPS系统中基于C/A码的卫星捕获及跟踪算法提供信号源,以GPS卫星发送信号模型为基础,分析了GP2010的工作原理,采用Matlab/Simulink以软件的方式模拟了GP2010的工作过程,完成了一种数字中频GPS信号软件模拟器的设计,最后采用一种基于C/A码的捕获和跟踪算法对软件模拟器进行了验证.仿真结果表明:设计的软件模拟器可以给基于C/A码的卫星捕获和跟踪算法提供信号源,与常规GPS信号模拟器相比,所设计的软件模拟器结构简单,设计灵活并可扩展,易于使用.     

Capacitated warehouse location model with risk pooling

In this article, we introduce the capacitated warehouse location model with risk pooling (CLMRP), which captures the interdependence between capacity issues and the inventory management at the warehouses. The CLMRP models a logistics system in which a single plant ships one type of product to a set of retailers, each with an uncertain demand. Warehouses serve as the direct intermediary between the plant and the retailers for the shipment of the product and also retain safety stock to provide appropriate service levels to the retailers. The CLMRP minimizes the sum of the fixed facility location, transportation, and inventory carrying costs. The model simultaneously determines warehouse locations, shipment sizes from the plant to the warehouses, the working inventory, and safety stock levels at the warehouses and the assignment of retailers to the warehouses. The costs at each warehouse exhibit initially economies of scale and then an exponential increase due to the capacity limitations. We show that this problem can be formulated as a nonlinear integer program in which the objective function is neither concave nor convex. A Lagrangian relaxation solution algorithm is proposed. The Lagrangian subproblem is also a nonlinear integer program. An efficient algorithm is developed for the linear relaxation of this subproblem. The Lagrangian relaxation algorithm provides near‐optimal solutions with reasonable computational requirements for large problem instances. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

准陶瓷Cf/SiC复合材料的制备

采用热重-差热(TG-DTA)、红外(IR)等分析测试手段,研究了聚碳硅烷(PCS)的裂解及化学转化过程,从理论上验证了先驱体聚碳硅烷(PCS)600℃裂解产物的准陶瓷特性.先驱体聚碳硅烷在600℃呈现一种半有机、半无机状态,其产物具有准陶瓷的特征,在大约750℃出现无机化转变高峰,固称其为准陶瓷.以碳布、准三维编织体、三维编织体为增强体,采用先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)工艺在600℃制备了碳纤维增强碳化硅(Cf/SiC)准陶瓷基复合材料.结果表明,以三维编织体增强的准陶瓷Cf/SiC复合材料获得了较理想的结构、性能,所制备3D-Cf/SiC复合材料密度仅有1.27g/cm3,弯曲强度达到193.69MPa,室温拉伸强度为197.69MPa,600℃拉伸强度为167.33MPa.复合材料断口形貌分析表明,在低温600℃制备的准陶瓷Cf/SiC复合材料呈现明显的韧性断裂特征.