区域和参数化可靠性灵敏度指标及其解法

针对基于方差的全局可靠性灵敏度指标,分别提出基于方差的区域和参数化可靠性灵敏度指标,以衡量输入变量的取值区域发生变化时或输入变量的方差减小时整个输入变量系统对失效概率不确定性贡献的变化情况。然后从Pearson相关系数的视角分别将所提指标表述成无条件失效域指示函数与固定某一随机输入时的条件失效域指示函数之间的相关系数。在此转换的基础上,提出基于Pearson相关系数的两种求解方法,一种采用蒙特卡洛方法重复抽样进行循环计算,另一种借鉴重要抽样的思想。功能函数的计算样本可重复使用而不增加任何额外的计算代价,故后者大大提高了求解所提区域和参数化灵敏度指标的计算效率。算例结果验证了所提指标的合理性,同时也证明了所提方法的准确性与高效性。     

针对舰船目标高分辨距离像的特征选择方法

为了提高基于高分辨距离像(HRRP)的舰船目标识别率,首先通过目标区域提取来解决HRRP的幅度敏感性和平移敏感性的问题;然后根据传统的特征提取方法,提取出15个较好的特征进行多特征综合识别;最后在基于Fisher准则的特征选择方法上进行改进,提出了一种基于特征互补性的特征选择方法,选择一个最优特征子集。通过仿真实验验证了提出的特征选择方法,同时选择出一个最佳分类器。     

基于星架系统结构参数的卫星载荷减振方法

卫星工程中广泛采用的有效载荷支架结构可能会与卫星主体结构发生动力耦合,进而造成有效载荷响应显著放大。进一步将有效载荷支架与卫星主体结构考虑为一个整体系统(称为星架系统)。采用有限元方法建立某型卫星系统级动力学分析模型,从中提取结构参数建立集中参数模型,并针对结构参数进行单变量影响分析。结果表明:所建集中参数模型能够反映支架结构与卫星主体结构之间动力耦合规律,载荷响应对两者频率参数的敏感程度远高于其阻尼和质量参数,卫星结构设计阶段应重点考量主体结构和支架结构频率关系以优化卫星载荷的动力学环境。     

Optimal pricing for a short life‐cycle product when customer price‐sensitivity varies over time

Technology products often experience a life‐cycle demand pattern that resembles a diffusion process, with weak demand in the beginning and the end of the life cycle and high demand intensity in between. The customer price‐sensitivity also changes over the life cycle of the product. We study the prespecified pricing decision for a product that exhibits such demand characteristics. In particular, we determine the optimal set of discrete prices and the times to switch from one price to another, when a limited number of price changes are allowed. Our study shows that the optimal prices and switching times show interesting patterns that depend on the product's demand pattern and the change in the customers' price sensitivity over the life cycle of the product. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

升降法数据的可靠性评定

针对目前升降法数据可靠性评定方法的不足,在火工品可靠性评定模型基础上,重点探讨了用正态容许限法对升降法数据进行可靠性评定的方法。     

基于不同模式的反导作战管理与敏感性分析

针对反导作战指控系统作战管理任务与过程,分别构建了层次式、中心式和分布式3种作战管理模式。基于3种管理模式,采用以仿真系统搭建作战环境进行对抗的仿真评估方法,以拦截比率（发射数/拦截数）为评估参数对不同作战管理模式的效能进行了仿真评估,同时对影响评估效能的参数进行了敏感性分析。根据分析评估结果,明确了在不同作战样式下采用不同作战管理模式的基本原则。     

A case study in bio-inspired engineering design: defense applications of exoskeletal sensors

As part of a bio-inspired design process, the authors examine exoskeletal sensors found in insects and their potential application to armor and hardened buildings. In this way, the outer hardening of a structure or vehicle would not limit the ability of occupants to arrive at an actionable picture of the outer environment. To this end, various sensor modalities employed by insects are compared and contrasted with their current human-engineered equivalents. In several sensing modalities, biosensors perform better, are smaller, and more energy efficient than human-engineered equivalents. They note that biological designs tend to employ non-linear response to signal amplitude and respond with heightened sensitivity over a greater dynamic range of signals than human-engineered sensors. The insect biological sensors have structural and mechanical innovations that preserve the protective capacity of the exoskeleton.     

Reliability sensitivity analysis based on multi-hyperplane combination method

For a nonlinear limit state function, the first-order reliability method (FORM) may cause large errors in the computation of not only the reliability index or failure probability but also the reliability sensitivity. In order to obtain more the accurate results of the reliability sensitivity analysis, a number of hyperplanes are built near the design point by first-order Tayler series expansion, which replace the known nonlinear limit state hypersurface, and an equivalent computational method is utilized to construct an equivalent hyperplane of the obtained hyperplanes. And the reliability sensitivities can be estimated more accurately by the derived equations based on the equivalent hyperplane. An example shows that the method is effective and feasible.     

基于敏感性分析的DF化学动力学模型的简化

基于两种燃料体系下的DF详细化学反应动力学模型,利用敏感性分析的方法,分别提出了相应的简化反应机理.简化过程中发现,仅考虑DF“冷反应”泵浦过程,忽略掉高振动激发态,忽略掉D2和DF分子的离解复合反应对整个系统影响不大.DF分子之间以及DF与D、D2、HF之间的能量转移反应具有较高的敏感性.简化机理在有效概括DF化学反...     

应变率和绝热软化对空腔膨胀影响的数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法研究金属材料球形空腔膨胀的空腔面径向应力与膨胀速度关系.理想弹塑性模型和幂次硬化模型的模拟结果与理论解吻合得非常好,验证了该方法的有效性.在此基础上研究了应变率和绝热软化效应对空腔面径向力和膨胀速度的影响.结果表明,综合考虑应变率和热效应的侵深预测结果与试验值吻合得很好,只考虑应变率而不计热效应会高估...