Equality and diversity in the British armed forces: progress,challenges and prospects

The UK's changing political and legal landscape since 2000 reflecting transformations in wider society have elevated equality and diversity (E&D) issues to prominence in the public sector, including in the British armed forces. This research highlights key developments in the British military in relation to E&D, focusing both on areas of progress, and on the challenges still confronting the Forces. The findings reveal that the Forces have made significant strides in advancing E&D through the implementation of a range of policy initiatives but the persistence of discrimination, developments in the wider environment and the dilemmas raised by the strands of age and disability pose challenges. The value of this research is to increase our understanding of diversity management in a public sector institution that has been under-researched and views itself as “different,” and will be of interest to policymakers, E&D practitioners and academics in the field.     

基于服务的炮兵通信网络资源管理研究

在分析炮兵通信网络资源现状及资源管理需求基础上,从网络资源池的构建与管理、网络资源的组件与封装、资源池内的组件组合与调度3个方面提出了基于服务的炮兵通信网络资源管理方法,此方法实现了网络资源的"纵向扁平化、横向一体化"管理,使资源管理与网络结构、作战指挥结构松耦合,便于网络资源柔性扩展以及弹性服务的提供,为联合作战条件下,面向多军兵种资源融合与信息共享的统一通信服务实施提供技术借鉴与支撑。     

Screening multi-dimensional heterogeneous populations for infectious diseases under scarce testing resources,with application to COVID-19

Testing provides essential information for managing infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. When testing resources are scarce, an important managerial decision is who to test. This decision is compounded by the fact that potential testing subjects are heterogeneous in multiple dimensions that are important to consider, including their likelihood of being disease-positive, and how much potential harm would be averted through testing and the subsequent interventions. To increase testing coverage, pooled testing can be utilized, but this comes at a cost of increased false-negatives when the test is imperfect. Then, the decision problem is to partition the heterogeneous testing population into three mutually exclusive sets: those to be individually tested, those to be pool tested, and those not to be tested. Additionally, the subjects to be pool tested must be further partitioned into testing pools, potentially containing different numbers of subjects. The objectives include the minimization of harm (through detection and mitigation) or maximization of testing coverage. We develop data-driven optimization models and algorithms to design pooled testing strategies, and show, via a COVID-19 contact tracing case study, that the proposed testing strategies can substantially outperform the current practice used for COVID-19 contact tracing (individually testing those contacts with symptoms). Our results demonstrate the substantial benefits of optimizing the testing design, while considering the multiple dimensions of population heterogeneity and the limited testing capacity.     

院校体制编制调整中的资源优化配置

面对武警新一轮院校体制编制调整,如何优化资源配置,有效规避各种风险,是当前院校需要重点解决的课题。通过调查研究,总结分析了人、财、物等院校资源在体制编制调整中面临的风险,有针对性地提出了人力、财力和物力资源优化配置及规避风险的途径、方法和措施。对于提高资源使用效益,促进院校体制编制调整顺利推进,具有积极的指导和借鉴意义。     

兵团普通高中语文课程资源开发与利用：困境与突破

基础教育课程改革把课程资源开发与利用推上了极其重要的地位,课程资源的开发与利用直接制约着新课程改革目标的实现。语文课程资源的丰富性与适切性对语文教学的有效进行具有重要意义,本文对兵团普通高中语文课程资源的开发与利用现状进行调查发现,部分学校在对语文课程资源进行开发与利用过程中还存在很多不足,本文尝试对这些问题进行分析并提出了一些对策。     

对武警学院原生文献资源建设管理的几点思考

原生文献是一所学校成立以来,在教学、科研及各项管理工作中产生的特色文献资源。以武警学院为例,从原生文献的基本概念入手,对原生文献资源建设的意义以及如何进行原生文献资源建设等方面进行了一些探讨。     

道德境遇:作为道德教育资源的探讨

在多元社会背景下,境遇式的道德教育是一种能够切实有效地推动道德学习的道德教育。本文主要通过讨论道德境遇成为道德教育资源的可能性。从而阐述出道德境遇中的人与道德教育中的人具有相通性,道德境遇的真实性契合于道德教育的真实性,道德境遇的生活特征符合道德教育的目的性追求。因为道德境遇的运用有其必要性。道德境遇有利于提升道德教育的生动性,有利于提升道德教育的实践价值,有利于提升道德教育的教育效益。由此我们知道道德境遇运用的重要性,同时,我们也要注意的是,道德境遇的运用应立足于情感道德教育来展开,应注重与道德教育情景的融合,应注重道德资源的典型性。     

构建土地资源管理专业人才培养方案与体系的探讨

本文以石河子大学理学院新审批土地资源管理专业为例,根据土地科学的学科性质和土地管理实际工作对人才规格的需求,结合兵团实际,主要从人才培养目标定位、课程体系构建,师资队伍培养、实践教学体系及实践教学平台搭建等四个方面对该专业人才培养方案与体系进行了初步的探索与实践。     

Market reactions to regulations on minerals from the democratic republic of the Congo

Using an event study approach to analyze stock market data from the United States, I investigate how regulations on conflict minerals sourced in the Democratic Republic of the Congo were perceived by investors. I find that for a subset of mining companies, stock returns were abnormally high when regulations in the US became more likely. I also find that returns were higher for communications equipment manufacturing companies when strong regulations in the DRC were announced. I argue that these responses were due to the competitive environments faced by each of these company types. These findings relate to debates surrounding the effects of the conflict mineral regulations. While some critics argue that reporting requirements were tantamount to a ban on minerals from the DRC, I find that stock returns for a subset of companies were sensitive to legislation in the DRC after legislation became law in the US, suggesting that market participants did not expect a complete trade ban on regulated mining and trading activities.     

Natural resource degradation and conflict in the East African pastoral drylands

Based on a literature review, this article examines the dynamics in pastoral systems, natural resource conservation and conflict in the drylands of East Africa. It argues that, in the context of East Africa, pastoralism and biodiversity conservation in general are distinct forms of land use that are complementary rather than competitive. The present state of natural resource degradation in the drylands is explained in terms of factors related to ecological and demographic pressures, land use conflicts and inefficient land administration policies. When the customary pastoral institutions of land administration and resource management are threatened, the problem of degradation is further exacerbated and violent conflicts occur among multiple resource users, including pastoralists, farmers and the state. The article recommends the revitalisation, empowerment and recognition of pastoral institutions in a way that ensures effective synergy between the formal and customary structures of resource governance.