基于GM(1,1)模型的武器装备性能预测在作战需求分析中的作用

针对目前武器装备作战需求分析过程中存在主观性大、需求不准确的实际情况,借助灰色系统理论,建立了GM(1,1)预测模型,以历代武器装备的性能参数为输入,得到未来武器装备可能的性能参数值,其结论可为作战需求分析提供有效参考和约束.     

水下监测系统的生存性定义与模型

当水下监测系统遇到外部攻击、发生故障和事故时,生存性为系统仍保证基本服务提供了保障.为准确衡量此类系统的生存性,提出了它的生存性定义、计算方法和系统模型.生存性定义为在指定工作环境下,受事件影响的系统服务仍能达到用户要求的能力,表示为系统服务性能的数学期望.根据这种定义和计算方法能更准确地判别系统设计是否满足生存性标准.在基于多状态系统的生存性模型中,服务性能是各子系统状态的函数,与系统的结构函数有关.子系统状态的概率分布由系统的可靠性和安全性决定.最后通过实例说明了生存性模型的有效性.     

Reliability of a two-dimensional demand-based networked system with multistate components

Existing research on multistate system reliability has mainly focused on one-dimensional systems such as parallel systems, linear sliding window systems, and linearly consecutively connected systems. However, two-dimensional networked systems widely exist in real-world applications such as lighting systems, monitoring systems, and computer network systems. This research considers a two-dimensional networked system consisting of multistate components. The system fails if the cumulative performance of any row or any column cannot meet a predetermined demand. A novel reliability evaluation algorithm is proposed for the considered two-dimensional networked system by extending the universal generating function technique. Furthermore, the proposed model and reliability evaluation algorithm are extended to a two-dimensional networked system with phased missions. The proposed models and algorithms are illustrated by a matrix heating system in a thermoforming machine.     

Kriging与改进一次二阶矩融合的可靠性分析方法

针对结构可靠性分析问题,提出了Kriging与改进一次二阶矩方法相融合的分析方法。传统的改进一次二阶矩需要计算结构功能函数的梯度信息,在处理包含有限元模型的隐式极限状态问题时会比较困难。该方法将Kriging代理模型与改进一次二阶矩迭代有效而充分地结合,借助Kriging方法提供功能函数的梯度信息,以解决隐式极限状态函数的求导难题,提高分析效率。通过数值与工程算例验证了所提方法的可行性和高效性。     

系统可靠寿命的不确定性分析及其高效方法

为了分析元器件失效率的不确定性对系统可靠性的影响,借鉴Borgonovo的矩独立灵敏度分析思想,在充分考虑了系统可靠寿命完整不确定性信息的情况下,提出了基于系统可靠寿命的矩独立重要性测度,用来分析不确定性条件下系统元器件失效率对其可靠寿命的平均影响。但由于系统可靠寿命函数是系统可靠度函数的反函数,一般无法解析表达而以隐函数的形式存在,致使该矩独立重要性测度难以高效准确求解。为了解决这一问题,文章提出了一种新的Kriging自适应代理模型的高效算法,该算法以Kriging代理模型预测值的变异系数作为自适应学习函数,通过自主增加新的试验样本,增强代理模型的预测准确性。阀门控制系统和民用飞机电液舵机系统两个算例分析表明,在保证计算精度的情况下,通过变异系数自适应学习函数,仅需添加少量系统可靠寿命试验样本,就能够构建用来充分近似系统可靠寿命函数的Kriging代理模型,解决了重要性测度的高效求解问题,从而验证了所提方法的合理性和算法的高效性。     

考虑仿真可信度的舰炮虚拟校射

为利用仿真模型在有限校射样本的条件下对校射补偿量进行合理估计,对考虑仿真可信度的舰炮虚拟校射方法进行了研究。对自适应加权贝叶斯估计方法进行了研究,一方面对仿真先验可信度的计算方法进行了分析,另一方面对考虑先验可信度的自适应加权贝叶斯估计算法进行了研究。在此基础上,结合舰炮虚拟校射的原理和需求,建立了舰炮虚拟校射诸元误差自适应加权贝叶斯估计模型。仿真验证表明:自适应加权贝叶斯估计方法能够利用试验数据对仿真模型的可信度进行有效验证并进一步实现对目标分布的有效估计;所设计的校射方法能够综合利用仿真模型和校射样本的优势,实现对诸元误差的合理估计,达到有效提高校射精度的目的。     

Lot sizing with learning and forgetting in setups: Analytical results and insights

This article considers the dynamic lot sizing problem when there is learning and forgetting in setups. Learning in setups takes place with repetition when additional setups are made and forgetting takes place when there is a break between two successive setups. We allow the amount forgotten over a break to depend both on the length of the break and the amount of learning at the beginning of the break. The learning and forgetting functions we use are realistic. We present several analytical results and use these in developing computationally efficient algorithms for solving the problem. Some decision/forecast horizon results are also developed, and finally we present managerial insights based on our computational results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 93–108, 2016     

加权随机模拟的时变可靠性分析方法

针对结构时变可靠性的随机模拟分析方法计算代价大的问题,在极值方法的基础上提出基于加权随机模拟的时变可靠性分析策略.时变可靠性分析需要计算在不同时间处的失效概率,通常需要进行多次可靠性分析,计算代价巨大.所提方法通过对常规静态可靠性的随机模拟方法进行改进拓展,运用加权策略分别发展了加权蒙特卡洛法和加权重要抽样法,使之能够...     

Asymptotic properties of imperfect repair models and estimation of repair efficiency

The aim of this articles is to study the asymptotic behavior of two imperfect repair models, called Arithmetic Reduction of Intensity and Arithmetic Reduction of Age models. These models have been proposed by Doyen and Gaudoin (Reliab Eng Syst Safe 84 (2004) 45–56) and include many usual virtual age models. First, it is proved that the failure intensity of these models is asymptotically almost surely equivalent to a deterministic increasing function with a cumulative error proportional to a logarithm. Second, the almost sure convergence and asymptotic normality of several estimators of repair efficiency are derived, when the wear‐out process without repair is known. Finally, the coverage rate of the asymptotic confidence intervals issued from those estimators is empirically studied. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Estimating component characteristics from system failure‐time data

Suppose that failure times are available from a random sample of N systems of a given, fixed design with components which have i.i.d. lifetimes distributed according to a common distribution F. The inverse problem of estimating F from data on observed system lifetimes is considered. Using the known relationship between the system and component lifetime distributions via signature and domination theory, the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator _N(t) of the component survival function (t) is identified and shown to be accessible numerically in any application of interest. The asymptotic distribution of _N(t) is also identified, facilitating the construction of approximate confidence intervals for (t) for N sufficiently large. Simulation results for samples of size N = 50 and N = 100 for a collection of five parametric lifetime models demonstrate the utility of the recommended estimator. Possible extensions beyond the i.i.d. framework are discussed in the concluding section. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010