用数字散斑干涉法测量动态面内位移场

利用数字散斑干涉法,研究了半无限平面模型在受冲击载荷下的面内位移场的测试技术。采用瞬态图像采集系统,将模型受冲击前后的电子散班图像直接存储在图像采集系统中,通过数字处理实现数字散斑干涉,测得了模型的面内位移。数值计算结果与实验两者能很好地吻合。     

在有限区间中用FFT求微分方程数值解的几个问题

本文讨论了在有限区间中运用FFT求解微分方程数值解时遇到的几个问题,并提出了解决方法。     

精密磨床主轴新型轴承系统工作机理的研究

圆锥多油楔动压滑动轴承系统是精密磨床主轴的一种新型支承结构,本文通过建立圆锥极坐标系,导出圆锥极坐标雷诺方程和对不可导边界的有效处理,提出了适用于锥轴承分析的方法并给出了相应计算程序。分析和计算的结果表明:工作间隙的自动调节是轴承最重要的特征,油楔深度和弹簧预紧力是影响轴承性能的主要参数,合理选择此二参数,可使轴承获得普通圆柱轴承难以达到的优良性能。     

Kane方程在平面机构动力学中的应用

在平面机构动力学的研究过程中,因其含有闭环结构而使得经典动力学的应用遇到许多麻烦。本文采用近几年发展起来的Kane方程对此进行了研究,给出了任意的平面机构的动力学方程和与之对应的数值计算方法,所得结果程序化。为平面机构的动力学控制与仿真提供了有效的方法。同时使Kane方程得以运用到新的领域。     

基于动网格的翼型设计优化

针对传统基于代理模型的翼型优化的缺陷,提出采用基于动网格的翼型优化;针对基本Hicks-Henne方法后缘不光滑情况进行了改进;采用自编程序实现动网格生成,通过集成商业软件Pointwise和CFD计算软件Fluent完成边界条件生成和流场解算,并实现上述程序和软件间的数据交互和自动化,整个优化流程在iSIGHT平台下执行,优化算例表明基于动网格的翼型优化方法能大幅提高翼型性能,节省大量的重复性操作,增加优化结果的鲁棒性和可信度,是翼型优化中的一种有效方法。     

动态液-液旋流分离器油滴运动轨迹模拟

针对动态液-液旋流分离器油、水两相过程,从流体力学基本方程出发,采用雷诺应力模型、QUICK差分格式和SIMPLE算法模拟分析动态液-液旋流分离器内的流场;并以此为基础,采用离散相模型和多相流模型,模拟油、水两相分离过程和油滴运动轨迹.模拟结果表明:油滴粒径决定其在旋流分离器中的运动轨迹、速度及分离特性,大粒径油滴更易于向中心聚集形成油芯,油芯的形状与油滴的大小直接相关;动态液-液旋流分离器的主要分离过程在转筒内完成,油相分离效率随着油滴粒径的增大而提高.     

Defence spending and economic growth in South Africa: A supply and demand model*

This paper provides a contribution to the growing corpus of knowledge and understanding of the interaction between economic growth and defence spending in South Africa by specifying a Keynesian simultaneous equation model and estimating the system for the period 1961 to 1997. The model contains a growth equation, a savings equation, a trade balance equation and a military burden equation and when estimated by single equation and systems estimation methods is relatively well specified. There is evidence of an overall negative effect of military spending on the economy over this period, though the significance of individual coefficients is low. There is certainly no evidence of any positive impact, suggesting that cuts in military spending do present an opportunity for improved macroeconomic performance.     

近炸引信预制破片弹射击效能仿真

提出了利用动态精度试验数据,预测近炸引信预制破片弹射击效能的思路,建立了动态精度预测射击效能的数学模型,在较接近实战条件下模拟计算了近炸引信预制破片弹的射击效能.计算结果与实弹射击结果接近,表明该方法能有效预测近炸引信预制破片弹的射击效能,能为射击试验提供高可信度的验前信息,有助于优化射击试验方案的制定,减少试验样本量,降低试验消耗.     

军事指挥控制中的贝叶斯决策支持

军事指挥控制是一个复杂的决策过程,该过程中信息是结合定性的专家知识和定量的融合数据而得到的.贝叶斯网为指挥控制系统提供了一个框架来处理这种专家知识和具体数据相结合的问题,并且影响图作为贝叶斯网的延伸可被用于分析指挥控制系统中某个决策的可行性.进一步地,为了减少所需指定的条件概率的数量并引入时变的概念,提出动态影响网作为一种新的决策支持方法.     

Dynamic regulation on innovation and adoption of green technology with information asymmetry

This study investigates a regulator's dynamic policy to motivate firms' research on and adoption of green technology. In the proposed model, a firm makes unobservable efforts and can hide the technology's arrival from the regulator to avoid adoption costs. We find that the optimal policy follows a simple structure and induces part-time efforts, rather than the maximal effort reported in previous studies. In particular, the regulator should offer no subsidy before the arrival of a technology report, provide a one-time subsidy contingent upon that report, and always set a termination deadline. At the deadline, the firm is forced to select an external option that is associated with social costs. The optimal report-based subsidy decreases with time. Under the optimal policy, the firm works until an effort deadline, makes no effort thereafter, and reports the technology as soon as it arrives. This study also characterizes the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the optimal policy reduces to one that leads, in terms of throughout time, to effort that is maximal or minimal. Our results indicate that policymakers should implement a policy that compensates firms more in the present and less in the future.