On the median residual lifetime and its aging properties: A characterization theorem and applications

This paper is devoted to study several aspects of the median residual life function (MERLF). In reliability studies, it is well known that, although the MERLF have several advantages over the mean residual life function (MRLF), the MRLF has the good property of uniquely determine a life distribution whereas either the median residual life function (MERLF) or an α‐percentile residual life do not have such good property. We shall give a characterization result where knowledge of both the MERLF and the survival function on an interval does uniquely determine the distribution. Moreover, in order to apply this characterization in practical situations, we propose a method to estimate the necessary information of the survival function. Relationships between analytical properties of the survival function and its associated MERLF are also obtained. Bryson and Siddiqui [J Am Statist Assoc 64 (1969), 1472–1483] proved relationships among seven criteria for aging, out of which two contained the MRLF (decreasing MRLF and net decreasing MRLF). In this paper, we prove that the same pattern of relationships holds if the MRLF is replaced by the MERLF. We also examine the aging criteria corresponding to an increasing MERLF and show that there is no relation between the behavior (increasing or decreasing) of the MERLF and of the MRLF. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

Development of cost effective personnel armour through structural hybridization

The objective of the present study is to develop cost effective thermoplastic hybrid laminate using Dyneema® HB50 and Tensylon®HSBD 30A through structural hybridization method. Laminates having 20 mm thickness were fabricated and subjected to 7.62 × 39 mm mild steel core projectile with an impact velocity of 730 ± 10 ms⁻¹. Parameters such as energy absorption, back face deformation and rate of back face deformation were measured as a function of hybridization ratio. It was observed that hybrid laminate with 50:50 ratio (w/w) of Tensylon® and Dyneema® with Tensylon® as front face showed 200% more energy absorption when compared to 100% Tensylon® laminate and showed equal energy absorption as that of expensive 100% Dyneema® laminate. Moreover, hybrid laminate with TD50:50 ratio showed 40% lower in terms of final back face deformation than Dyneema® laminate. Rate of back face deformation was also found to be slow for hybrid laminate as compared to Dyneema® laminate. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that, Tensylon® laminate has got higher stiffness and lower damping factor than Dyneema® and hybrid laminates. The interface between Tensylon® and Dyneema® layers was found to be separating during the penetration process due to the poor interfacial bonding. Failure behaviour of laminates for different hybridization ratios were studied by sectioning the impacted laminates. It was observed that, the Tensylon® laminate has undergone shear cutting of fibers as major failure mode whereas the hybrid laminate showed shear cutting followed by tensile stretching, fiber pull out and delamination. These inputs are highly useful for body armour applications to design cost effective armour with enhanced performance.     

Some new results on the preservation of the NBUE and NWUE aging classes under the formation of coherent systems

We consider the classical problem of whether certain classes of lifetime distributions are preserved under the formation of coherent systems. Under the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes, we consider the NBUE (new better than used in expectation) and NWUE (new worse than used in expectation) classes. First, a necessary condition for a coherent system to preserve the NBUE class is given. Sufficient conditions are then obtained for systems satisfying this necessary condition. The sufficient conditions are satisfied for a collection of systems which includes all parallel systems, but the collection is shown to be strictly larger. We also prove that no coherent system preserves the NWUE class. As byproducts of our study, we obtain the following results for the case of i.i.d. component lifetimes: (a) the DFR (decreasing failure rate) class is preserved by no coherent systems other than series systems, and (b) the IMRL (increasing mean residual life) class is not preserved by any coherent systems. Generalizations to the case of dependent component lifetimes are briefly discussed.     

一种能量均衡的战场无线传感器网络路由协议算法

针对战场无线传感器网络中节点能量消耗不均衡以及节点剩余能量问题,提出了一种基于能量均衡的战场无线传感器网络LEACH路由协议的改进算法,该算法主要是对传感器网络中的簇群内节点的剩余能量,以及其传输数据的链路长度这两个方面的权重问题进行了改进,使传感器网络的能量消耗趋于平衡,通过MATLAB平台对改进后的EBLRP协议与LEACH协议进行了模拟仿真,结果表明,新的路由协议能够使网络的生命周期延长13%左右,并且使节点的能量消耗情况有所缓解。     

基于贝叶斯模型的装备剩余寿命预测研究

为了解决武器装备日益复杂及维修工作日趋繁重的问题,运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,为合理安排其修理计划提供依据。替代传统的指数分布,用威布尔分布描述系统寿命特征,并运用极大似然方法和贝叶斯方法估计威布尔分布的两个未知参数,给出其置信区间。在此基础上,对先验样本和后验样本两种不同情况,分别运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,并给出实例。结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于PGP的动态连接库构成的安全认证系统

探讨PGP系统的主要功能以及实际使用过程中存在的问题,提出了一种新方案,即利用PGP提供的动态连接库以及优盘的特点的解决方案.根据该方案讨论的相关算法和流程,研制出电子文档的加密与认证系统.     

聚能射流侵彻下舰船钢与均质钢的等效关系

基于剩余穿深理论,依据聚能射流对钢靶板侵彻毁伤作用机理,推导出2种等效模型,并结合数值模拟建立了聚能射流侵彻下某舰船装甲钢与603钢靶板的等效关系。结果表明:当舰船钢厚度较小时,舰船钢与603装甲钢的等效厚度比约为1;当舰船钢厚度较大时,两者等效厚度比约为1.13。由此等效关系可给出用于战斗部考核性穿靶试验中相应均质靶板的确定厚度,从而为用603装甲钢靶代替该舰船钢进行聚能射流威力考核试验提供依据,达到了简化、经济、方便、有效的目的。     

一种基于混沌的彩色图像空域半脆弱水印算法

为实现对数字产品的版权保护和完整性认证,提出了一种以最低有效位(LSB)替换算法为核心,以彩色图像RGB图层亮度分量为载体的基于混沌二值密钥随机控制的彩色图像空域有意义水印算法.实验结果表明,算法实现简单,实时性好,具有良好的透明性、安全性和确定性,可盲检测,并能够很好地实现版权保护和篡改检测与定位,同时算法对椒盐噪声的去除、裁剪等基本图像操作和位平面去除等恶意攻击具有一定的鲁棒性,因而是一种性能良好的半脆弱水印算法.     

超声冲击处理改善22SiMn2TiB装甲钢抗应力腐蚀性能研究

采用超声冲击处理工艺对22SiMn2TiB装甲钢试样进行了表面冲击强化,采用四点弯曲加载装置将处理和未处理的试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中进行了150 d的应力腐蚀试验。用X射线应力测定仪测定了应力腐蚀试验前试样表面的残余应力,用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了处理后试样的断面组织。分析了超声冲击处理引起的残余应力和断面组织变化对改善装甲钢抗应力腐蚀性能的作用。结果表明,超声冲击处理引入的残余压应力和表层晶粒细化可以大大提高22SiMn2TiB装甲钢的抗应力腐蚀性能。     

加权核范数最小化和改进小波阈值函数的图像去噪算法

针对加权核范数最小化算法存在结构残余噪声以及无法较好地保持图像边缘结构的问题,提出基于加权核范数最小化和改进小波阈值函数的图像去噪算法。利用全变分模型对噪声图像进行初步去噪,使用噪声图像与初步去噪后的图像进行差分运算,对差分后得到的噪声残差图像使用改进的小波阈值函数去噪,将小波去噪后的残差图像与初步去噪图像叠加,将叠加后的图像使用基于残余噪声水平迭代的加权核范数最小化算法进行二次去噪。相较于当下主流去噪算法,经该算法处理后的图像的PSNR和SSIM值均有所提升,能够更好地保持图像的纹理结构,且在高噪声环境下效果更佳。