暴雨灾害救援的难点及对策探讨

由于暴雨引发的各种灾害事故严重危及人民群众的生命和财产安全。以近年来我国发生的暴雨灾害为研究对象,分析暴雨灾害救援的难点,从准备和救援两个方面提出应对的措施。     

基于正交实验设计的UAV编队配系优化方法

针对多无人机执行对地攻击作战任务的背景,建立了编队对地攻击模型,提出了基于正交实验设计的编队配系优化方法。在考虑多机协同作战因素下,构建了编队目标分配的基本模型;以探测、识别和杀伤为基本过程,构建了攻击过程模型;以空袭方付出代价、防空方毁伤程度和作战效率为依据,构建了目标函数模型,分析了模型中中间变量与目标函数之间的关系;利用正交实验设计原理,研究了编队配系优劣的评价方法。实例分析表明,该方法能够在已有的资源约束条件下,给出编队的最优配系方案。     

引导学生积极参与数学课堂学习的探索与实践

树立新理念,创建和谐学习情境,唤醒学生的主体意识,让学生在积极的思维和情感活动中主动地参与教学过程就越来越显现出其重要性了,这也是新课程改革给我们提出的最基本的要求。本文从兴趣引路,激发学生主动参与的积极性;营造民主和谐的氛围,创造学生主动参与的环境;开展小组合作学习,构建学生主动参与的平台;体验成功的愉悦,培养学生的创新能力;正确运用评价,树立学生主动参与的信心等五个方面,阐述了在数学课堂教学中如何让学生主动参与学习。     

消防监督体制改革及思考

为适应新形势下市场经济体制的需要,改革消防监督体制势在必行。分析了目前消防监督工作面临的困难和问题,并从立法、建立消防安全评价体系、发展中介力量、建立消防安全备案制、改革火灾调查职能等方面提出了解决办法。     

Signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio estimation for wireless communication systems: Methods and analysis

The Signal‐to‐Interference‐plus‐Noise Ratio (SINR) is an important metric of wireless communication link quality. SINR estimates have several important applications. These include optimizing the transmit power level for a target quality of service, assisting with handoff decisions and dynamically adapting the data rate for wireless Internet applications. Accurate SINR estimation provides for both a more efficient system and a higher user‐perceived quality of service. In this paper, we develop new SINR estimators and compare their mean squared error (MSE) performance. We show that our new estimators dominate estimators that have previously appeared in the literature with respect to MSE. The sequence of transmitted bits in wireless communication systems consists of both pilot bits (which are known both to the transmitter and receiver) and user bits (which are known only by the transmitter). The SINR estimators we consider alternatively depend exclusively on pilot bits, exclusively on user bits, or simultaneously use both pilot and user bits. In addition, we consider estimators that utilize smoothing and feedback mechanisms. Smoothed estimators are motivated by the fact that the interference component of the SINR changes relatively slowly with time, typically with the addition or departure of a user to the system. Feedback estimators are motivated by the fact that receivers typically decode bits correctly with a very high probability, and therefore user bits can be thought of as quasipilot bits. For each estimator discussed, we derive an exact or approximate formula for its MSE. Satterthwaite approximations, noncentral F distributions (singly and doubly) and distribution theory of quadratic forms are the key statistical tools used in developing the MSE formulas. In the case of approximate MSE formulas, we validate their accuracy using simulation techniques. The approximate MSE formulas, of interest in their own right for comparing the quality of the estimators, are also used for optimally combining estimators. In particular, we derive optimal weights for linearly combining an estimator based on pilot bits with an estimator based on user bits. The optimal weights depend on the MSE of the two estimators being combined, and thus the accurate approximate MSE formulas can conveniently be used. The optimal weights also depend on the unknown SINR, and therefore need to be estimated in order to construct a useable combined estimator. The impact on the MSE of the combined estimator due to estimating the weights is examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

统编版初中语文名著导读的教学现状及策略探究

名著导读是语文教材中的一个重要板块,是中学师生不得不面对的教学环节,在名著导读教学实践中,教师如何引导、学生怎样阅读的问题一直备受研究者关注,关于名著导读教学的研究著作颇丰。笔者通过问卷调查法,对S市某中学的名著导读教学现状进行分析,进一步探讨名著导读教学中存在的问题,并在此基础上对名著导读教学提出相应的策略。进而使教师导之有效,学生读而有得,使名著导读教学不仅引起师生的重视,更能在教学中得到落实。     

透析课外辅导班乱象:让中小学生回归正常的学校教育

一段时间以来,部分课外教育培训机构打着素质教育的“幌子”变相以应试教育为能事,误导一些家长迷信课外辅导班而忽视正常的学校教育,并有着愈演愈烈的迹象。很多中小学生的课余时间被各类课外辅导班占用,而其中多数并非他们感兴趣和正常学习所需的。额外的课外辅导使中小学生不堪重负,不仅影响了他们的身心健康,还冲击了正常的学校教育教学秩序。因此,重新审视当前正常的学校教育和课外辅导班之关系,已成为人们不得不正视的现实问题。应坚持学校教育的主导地位,让成体系、循序渐进的学校教育在青少年健康成长成才中发挥不可替代的作用。     

弘扬伟大建党精神奋进世界一流征程

以“坚持真理、坚守理想,践行初心、担当使命,不怕牺牲、英勇斗争,对党忠诚、不负人民”为内涵的伟大建党精神,是中国共产党的精神之源。这一精神内涵丰富、意境深远,具有鲜明的理论特征和时代价值,不仅指导了过去一百年中国共产党人带领全中国人民推进革命、建设、改革的伟大实践,更是对中华民族实现第二个百年奋斗目标具有深远的指导意义。只有深刻认识和把握伟大建党精神的科学内涵,才能战胜前进道路上的一切艰难险阻,继续谦虚谨慎、戒骄戒躁,继续艰苦奋斗、锐意进取,锲而不舍把建设世界一流军队的伟大事业推向新征程。     

Electronic warfare in the optical band: Main features,examples and selected measurement data

The paper presents the possibilities of, and methods for, acquiring, analysing and processing optical signals in order to recognise, identify and counteract threats on the contemporary battleground. The main ways electronic warfare is waged in the optical band of the electromagnetic wave spectrum have been formulated, including the acquisition of optical emitter signatures, as well as ultraviolet (UV) and thermal (IR) signatures. The physical parameters and values describing the emission of laser radiation are discussed, including their importance in terms of creating optical signatures. Moreover, it has been shown that in the transformation of optical signals into signatures, only their spectral and temporal parameters can be applied. This was confirmed in experimental part of the paper, which includes our own measurements of spectral and temporal emission characteristics for three types of binocular laser rangefinders. It has been further shown that through simple registration and quick analysis involving comparison of emission time parameters in the case of UV signatures in “solar-blind” band, various events can be identified quickly and faultlessly. The same is true for IR signatures, where the amplitudes of the recorded signal for several wavelengths are compared. This was confirmed experimentally for UV signatures by registering and then analyzing signals from several events during military exercises at a training ground, namely Rocket Propelled Grenade (RPG) launches and explosions after hitting targets, trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosions, firing armour-piercing, fin-stabilised, discarding sabots (APFSDS) or high explosive (HE) projectiles. The final section describes a proposed model database of emitters, created as a result of analysing and transforming the recorded signals into optical signatures.     

一种带过流保护的MOSFET管驱动电路

提出了适合MOSFET管的一种驱动与保护电路,电路利用高频磁隔离耦合技术,驱动信号响应快,且具有过流保护功能.对该电路进行了详细分析,给出了参数设计原则,并通过MATLAB仿真和实验测试,证明了其正确性和可行性.