高速水射流倒空弹体装药安全性研究

本文阐述了高速水射流倒空弹体装药的机理,建立了确定水射流引爆炸药的临界速度的模拟实验方法和模型,进行了高速水射流冲击炸药的安全性试验,并对试验结果进行了分析,证明在工作泵压下高速水射流倒空弹体装药安全、可靠。     

油管油压信号的载荷识别

在高速柴油发动机喷油系统性能检测中,一般以燃油压力信号作为喷油系统性能检测参量。通过对油压波形进行分析来判断喷油系统的工作状况,阐述了采用载荷识别技术识别油压信号的频谱特性,进而得到其时域波形的理论与方法,并在模拟试验中获得了识别结果。     

数据光滑的一种新方法

提出了用变形的Fourier部分和来代替Fourier级数将输入数据光滑的一种新方法。该方法能稳定地解某些不适定的问题,如给定函数的近似,求函数微分的问题;Laplace方程Cauchy问题;时间逆向热传导方程的Cauchy问题等。     

关于烟雾对光电成像装备的干扰效果试验及其试验靶标

主题是如何通过外场试验定量评价烟雾对光电成像装备的干扰效果。提出一种综合靶标,可用于这种外场试验,也可考察光电成像装备抗烟雾干扰的能力。它适用于普通观瞄器材、照相侦察和摄像装备、微光夜视设备、热成像系统等。     

旋成体射弹倾斜入水运动仿真

为了研究运动参数和弹头外形对弹体斜入水过程的影响规律,采用气液两相流体积分数和水汽空化模型,通过嵌套网格实现刚体三自由度运动学和动力学耦合,模拟了弹体以80～100 m/s速度倾斜入水开空泡阶段的运动过程。经文献实验验证,入水弹体速度与位移的误差为0～6%和-8%～0,转动角度误差为-6%～0。通过对入水速度和入水角度的多工况模拟研究,发现入水速度增大,弹体轴向冲击载荷增大,最大载荷与速度的平方呈线性关系,弹体速度非线性衰减率大;入水角增大,弹体转动角速率减小,运动稳定性强,速度衰减率不受入水角影响。与圆锥头部弹体相比,采用头部阶梯状修型后的弹体的平均速度衰减率、转动角速率和最大轴向冲击载荷分别降低到66.7%、40%和77.2%,显著提高了运动稳定性。     

带内双频电磁辐射对频率步进连续波雷达的虚警干扰规律

为掌握带内双频电磁辐射对雷达的虚警干扰规律,以频率步进连续波雷达为研究对象,基于理论分析与效应试验,研究了虚警目标的电平变化规律、波形特征以及出现位置规律。结果表明:受试雷达在带内双频电磁辐射作用下,不考虑互调干扰时,至多产生两个位置随机的“山丘型”虚警目标,两者距离差与双频干扰频差有关。双频干扰中两分量互相压制,即当任一干扰分量强度恒定时,随着另一个分量的增强,前者形成的虚警目标电平缓慢下降,最终降速基本恒定,而后者形成虚警目标电平逐渐升高,直至电平恒定;若双频干扰信号两分量同比例增强,则两个虚警目标电平均在初期近似线性上升,而后增速逐渐降低至零。     

富营养化水体修复技术的研究现状

湖泊、水库的富营养化已经成为当今世界最主要的环境问题之一。针对富营养化治理的关键问题、治理现状以及目前富营养化水体的一些主要修复技术进行了简要的阐述,并指出防治水体富营养化是一项复杂的系统工程,必须坚持从控制污染源出发,重点开展生态修复,完善管理对策,有计划地逐步实施。     

悬浮固相颗粒对储集层基质孔隙的堵塞规律研究

应用胜利油区8个不同区块的岩心及注入水,采用岩心流动实验手段,研究了注入水中悬浮颗粒对储层孔隙的堵塞特征,发现悬浮颗粒对储层的堵塞特征表现为孔隙逐步堵塞和迅速堵塞两种类型;悬浮颗粒浓度低且孔径与粒径的比值较大时易形成孔隙避步堵塞;悬浮颗粒浓度大或孔径与粒径的比值较小时易形成迅速堵塞;悬浮颗粒对储层的堵塞程度、堵塞类型是颗粒浓度、颗粒粒径与储层孔喉匹配综合作用的结果;迅速堵塞特征的初始堵塞效果主要取决于孔径与粒径的匹配关系,最终堵塞效果主要与注入水中的颗粒浓度有关;高浓度的小颗粒对孔隙基质的堵塞特征表现为迅速堵塞。     

Military Off the Shelf Procurements: A Norwegian Case Study

Buying off the shelf procurements (OTS) has become an important part of the national acquisition strategy in several countries, and this paper seeks to bring empirical evidence on OTS as the preferred acquisition strategy by use of data from 2015 to 2022 investment portfolio of the Norwegian Armed Forces. We develop definitions for three categories of procurement – OTS, modified OTS and development projects – as well as a method to classify projects into these categories. Our first finding is that the characteristics of OTS projects correspond to modified OTS and development projects. Our second finding indicates that OTS projects perform better when it comes to the completion of projects according to the initial schedule, compared to development projects.     

Regular and irregular forces in conflict: nineteenth century insurgencies in South America

ABSTRACT

In the decades following independence from Spain, ‘civil wars’ ravaged the newly established polities in South America. Former vice-regal capitals inherited a larger portion of the colonial administration and had larger economic resources and a hegemonic project they were able to have permanent and professional armed forces, capable of leading the offensive and giving battle following the European rules of military art. The central hypothesis of this work is that there is a necessary relationship between the shape of these asymmetrical conflicts, their outcome and the political territorial configuration of each country in post-revolutionary Spanish America. When permanent armies took over from local militias, the capital kept the integrity of its territories and there was a tendency towards political centralization. When this did not happen and the militias managed to find a way to defeat their centralizing enemies, the local powers had an opportunity to renegotiate their participation in the political body, and sought to maintain their independence, which was manifest in federal agreements, otherwise a process of territorial fragmentation began. More than a difference between regular and irregular forces there was one between intermittent, and permanent mobilization.