A theory of war finance

This paper analyses the financial and war‐spending policies of a state that faces a conflict in which defeat would result in the loss of sovereign power and in which the material consequences, conditional on avoiding defeat, are stochastic. The analysis takes explicit account of the historical experiences of lenders, who face debt repudiation if the state to whom they have lent is defeated and who also face partial default if the material consequences of the war are unfavorable for the debtor state, even if it avoids defeat. In this analysis, the state uses war debt to smooth expected consumption intertemporally in response to temporary war spending, and the state also uses contingent debt servicing to insure realized consumption against the risk associated with the material consequences of the war. An important innovation in the analysis is to treat the equilibrium amount of war spending, the state's resulting probability of avoiding defeat, as well as the equilibrium amount of borrowing as a set of endogenous variables to be determined simultaneously.     

战术导弹靶场试验风险分析与处理方法

从战术导弹靶场试验风险因素存在的主要环节分析入手,建立了风险因素指标体系,结合靶场试验特点阐述了风险辨识、评估、处理的原则和方法,结合某型舰空导弹试验靶标保障的工程问题,对该靶标供靶风险进行了辨识,对风险发生的概率和后果严重性作出了评估,并在此基础上提出了解决问题的基本途径.     

装备保障综合演练风险分析

采用工作结构分解(Work Breakdown Structure,WBS)和风险结构分解法(Risk Breakdown Structure,RBS)对装备保障综合演练全过程的风险及其风险因素进行了系统分析,得出了装备保障综合演练过程中存在的7类风险、24种风险因素;运用网络层次分析法(Analytic Network Process,ANP)对各种风险及其风险因素进行了评估,得出了其对装备保障综合演练风险影响的权重及排序。研究结果可为装备保障综合演练顺利开展,确保人员、装备安全提供参考。     

Determination of burn‐in parameters and residual life for highly reliable products

Today, many products are designed and manufactured to function for a long period of time before they fail. Determining product reliability is a great challenge to manufacturers of highly reliable products with only a relatively short period of time available for internal life testing. In particular, it may be difficult to determine optimal burn‐in parameters and characterize the residual life distribution. A promising alternative is to use data on a quality characteristic (QC) whose degradation over time can be related to product failure. Typically, product failure corresponds to the first passage time of the degradation path beyond a critical value. If degradation paths can be modeled properly, one can predict failure time and determine the life distribution without actually observing failures. In this paper, we first use a Wiener process to describe the continuous degradation path of the quality characteristic of the product. A Wiener process allows nonconstant variance and nonzero correlation among data collected at different time points. We propose a decision rule for classifying a unit as normal or weak, and give an economic model for determining the optimal termination time and other parameters of a burn‐in test. Next, we propose a method for assessing the product's lifetime distribution of the passed units. The proposed methodologies are all based only on the product's initial observed degradation data. Finally, an example of an electronic product, namely contact image scanner (CIS), is used to illustrate the proposed procedure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

基于地理信息系统的城市火灾危险评价

选用单位面积火灾损失、人口密度、建筑密度、路网密度和消防力量建立城市火灾危险预测与评估的统计模型。结合数字城市的基本思想 ,论述基于地理信息系统识别和定量评价火灾危险的技术方法。在ARCVIEW空间分析技术支持下 ,建立城市火灾危险区域划分的技术流程     

一种无人战斗机系统使用保障费用分析方法

基于无人战斗机系统在使用保障上的特点,通过对有人战斗机使用保障费用模型进行合理改造,使其能适用于无人战斗机的使用保障费用分析。经过改造的模型具有结构清晰、概念明确的特点。适合在飞机总体设计阶段用于全寿命周期的费用估算以及飞机的费效分析和综合优化设计。通过与有人战斗机的使用保障费用进行对比计算表明,无人战斗机系统的使用保障费用具有明显的经济优势。     

装备研制中技术风险的灰色综合评估

指出装备研制中技术风险的表现形式,建立了技术风险评估的指标体系,阐述了基于灰类白化权函数将定性指标定量化的方法,建立了利用群灰关联度进行综合评估的模型。最后,结合实例验证说明了该模型对研制方案技术风险评估的可用性。     

古建筑火灾风险评估

我国古建筑众多,而其又具有自身独特的建筑特点和消防安全特性,结合当前古建筑消防安全形势,探讨火灾风险评估技术在古建筑安全保护工作中的应用问题,从而为管理和改进古建筑火灾防治工作提供参考和依据。     

关于对“城市火灾风险与灭火救援力量”评估的探讨

加强政府对消防工作的科学决策,编制“城市火灾风险与灭火救援力量”方案是落实科学发展观的具体举措。围绕进一步规范“城市火灾风险与灭火救援力量”的评估工作,从火灾形势、消防力量、公共消防设施建设、消防工作社会化、公民消防素质教育等方面提出开展评估的具体办法,并从机构设定、评估定位、工作原则和程序等方面就公共消防安全评估机制建设提出建议。     

复合成本计算中合理设定复合元数问题研究

从合理性和科学性角度对复合成本计算过程中复合元数的设定进行了评价。运用模糊数学方法建立了评价矩阵,通过模糊合成使评价结果更加切合实际,解决了企业成本管理中复合元数判断的模糊性和不确定性问题,避免了复合成本计算过程中因复合元数设定不经济或简单化而出现的功能过剩或功能不足的现象出现。