复合假设下导弹可靠性指标Bayes检验方法

在用Bayes方法对海防战术导弹可靠性指标进行假设检验时,原假设和对立假设均采用简单假设的形式,而此种方法可能导致使用方Bayes风险增大。从理论上阐述了简单假设Bayes检验方法可能导致使用方Bayes风险增大的原因,同时给出了用于取代简单假设的复合假设Bayes检验方法,并用实例证明了它比简单假设Bayes检验方法科学、合理。     

边境安全风险评估矩阵模型构建研究

提出边境安全风险和边境安全风险评估的概念。围绕边境安全风险状态和边境安全风险类型两个维度构建边境安全风险评估的矩阵模型。其中,边境安全风险状态维度包括边境安全风险源活跃度、边境安全风险源聚集度、边境安全风险供应链成熟度、边境安全风险源异常度;边境安全风险类型包括外生型边境安全风险、内生型边境安全风险、网络型边境安全风险、跨境型边境安全风险。并论述了边境安全风险评估矩阵模型的应用。     

边检执勤执法风险评估制度的实践反思及理论建构

边检执勤执法风险评估是理论研究缺失下的制度实践,为避免出现“形式化”、“走过场”的弊病,亟须对其进行系统反思,并对风险评估制度的基本范畴、合理根基、合法来源、体系构成及目前实践中存在的问题以及改进的空间进行研究,在理论上构建并完善边检执勤执法风险评估制度,以进一步指导和完善边检机关风险评估工作实践。     

棕垫材料火灾危险性的热解动力学研究

利用热重分析仪,通过空气与氮气下棕垫材料的对比试验,建立热解表观动力学模型,对棕垫材料的火灾危险性进行分析。通过对试验数据的分析表明,在空气气氛下,棕垫材料第一步失重阶段热解表观动力学模型较好地符合相界反应球形对称模型,第二步与第三步失重阶段较好地符合二级反应模型,活化能范围为32.42-59.09 kJ·mol^-1;在氮气气氛下,棕垫第一步失重阶段较好地符合二级反应模型,第二步失重阶段较好地符合零级反应模型,活化能范围为56.92-72.56 kJ·mol^-1。对比分析其他室内材料的燃烧属性表明,棕垫材料活化能较低、热稳定性差。说明棕垫材料是一种易燃烧物质,火灾危险性较大。     

Unemployed youth: ‘time bombs’ or engines for growth?

While popular narratives about success in South Africa focus on individual effort, accidents of birth continue to determine life prospects. Inequalities in early childhood development, health, and education narrow the range of possibilities that young people have available to them, and this impacts on their risk appetite, including, through the workings of the maturing brain, a propensity to violence, substance abuse, and unsafe sex. New technology offers young people an unprecedented ability to organise and network. This fact, combined with high levels of youth dissatisfaction, unemployment, and marginalisation, leads many to worry that the young are “ticking time bombs”. While there certainly are risks, great unused pools of youth labour also present an opportunity for engaging them in social advancement programmes. Structured youth service is a tried and tested policy option that, when implemented as part of an integrated youth development strategy, can enlist thousands of young people in devoting their considerable energies to leadership for the public good.     

Factors influencing the modernization of military-investment economic appraisal systems

Budgetary restrictions resulting from the present international economic crisis have tightened the need to improve efficiency in defense spending, leading to the armed forces having to undertake their duties with fewer resources. Previous reports on the subject have looked into the determining factors and effects of military spending but very few studies have analyzed the determinants for the modernization of the methodology for assessing efficiency. Thus, using a multiple regression statistical model, we have analyzed the appraisal systems in place in 28 countries to identify factors that influence the development of economic assessment of military expenditure. Our findings have revealed three factors that may favor the improvement of appraisal systems with regard to military expenditure: the quality of governance, size of the armed forces, and unemployment levels.     

维和警察的心理压力及其调控

中国维和警察在联合国维和任务区的特定环境下产生心理压力是必然的,维和警察必须了解产生心理压力的环境因素,学会分析产生心理压力的原因,掌握心理压力的调控方法。     

Designing acceptance sampling schemes for life testing with mixed censoring

Mixed censoring is useful extension of Type I and Type II censoring and combines some advantages of both types of censoring. This paper proposes a general Bayesian framework for designing a variable acceptance sampling scheme with mixed censoring. A general loss function which includes the sampling cost, the time‐consuming cost, the salvage value, and the decision loss is employed to determine the Bayes risk and the corresponding optimal sampling plan. An explicit expression of the Bayes risk is derived. The new model can easily be adapted to create life testing models for different distributions. Specifically, two commonly used distributions including the exponential distribution and the Weibull distribution are considered with a special decision loss function. We demonstrate that the proposed model is superior to models with Type I or Type II censoring. Numerical examples are reported to illustrate the effectiveness of the method proposed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

援潜救生进度风险分析

失事潜艇的援救要求在潜艇失事后48h内展开,综合考虑援救任务耗时的随机性和模糊性,将计划评审技术PERT(project evalution and review technique)和模糊概率分析结合起来,用以评估援潜救生任务的进度风险。首先,给出了单独使用PERT技术计算援潜救生准备工作在48h内完成的概率的基本算法;然后,将模糊概率分析引入PERT技术,求出援潜救生任务的关键路线,给出基于模糊PERT分析的完工概率算法;最后,以深潜救生艇从我国北方某基地转运至目的地实施救援任务为例,计算援潜救生准备工作在48h内完成的概率。计算结果的对比表明:使用模糊PERT分析方法比单独使用PERT技术得出的数据更为可靠。     

基于威布尔比例故障率模型的装备检测间隔期多属性模糊决策方法

在对威布尔比例故障率模型进行研究的基础上,以可接受的故障风险为约束,计算了装备的检测间隔期。由于装备使用受到故障风险、检测费用、可用度及停机时间等多属性影响,运用基于加权投影折中法建立了模糊多属性状态检测周期决策模型,实现了多因素条件下状态检测间隔期的综合优化决策。最后,通过实例分析验证了该模型的适用性。