An approximate dynamic programing approach to the development of heuristics for the scheduling of impatient jobs in a clearing system

A single server is faced with a collection of jobs of varying duration and urgency. Each job has a random lifetime during which it is available for nonpreemptive service. Should a job's lifetime expire before its service begins then it is lost from the system unserved. The goal is to schedule the jobs for service to maximize the expected number served to completion. Two heuristics have been proposed in the literature. One (labeled π^S) operates a static priority among the job classes and works well in a “no premature job loss” limit, whereas the second (π^M) is a myopic heuristic which works well when lifetimes are short. Both can exhibit poor performance for problems at some distance from the regimes for which they were designed. We develop a robustly good heuristic by an approximative approach to the application of a policy improvement step to the asymptotically optimal heuristic π^S, in which we use a fluid model to obtain an approximation for the value function of π^S. The performance of the proposed heuristic is investigated in an extensive numerical study. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010     

Modeling and analysis of multiobjective lot splitting for N‐product M‐machine flowshop lines

Lot splitting is a new approach for improving productivity by dividing production lots into sublots. This approach enables accelerating production flow, reducing lead‐time and increasing the utilization of organization resources. Most of the lot splitting models in the literature have addressed a single objective problem, usually the makespan or flowtime objectives. Simultaneous minimization of these two objectives has rarely been addressed in the literature despite of its high relevancy to most industrial environments. This work aims at solving a multiobjective lot splitting problem for multiple products in a flowshop environment. Tight mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) formulations for minimizing the makespan and flowtime are presented. Then, the MinMax solution, which takes both objectives into consideration, is defined and suggested as an alternative objective. By solving the MILP model, it was found that minimizing one objective results in an average loss of about 15% in the other objective. The MinMax solution, on the other hand, results in an average loss of 4.6% from the furthest objective and 2.5% from the closest objective. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于模糊聚类的多目标跟踪算法

提出了一种新的基于模糊聚类的多目标跟踪算法,该算法通过一种改进的模糊聚类算法,首先得到可能的目标数和测量点迹与目标预测位置之间的隶属度,然后结合Kalman滤波将隶属度作为权值系数对预测新息向量进行加权,来实现目标状态估计的更新。仿真结果表明,传统数据融合多目标跟踪算法,一般需要假定目标数并且在多目标密集时易产生关联错误而导致跟踪发散,新算法通过模糊聚类客观有效地确定了目标数并且通过加权过程保证了对多目标密集时的高精度。     

被动雷达/红外成像双模制导数据融合方案

提出了被动雷达/红外成像双模制导数据融合方案。针对雷达和红外成像测量数据率不同的特性,研究了被动雷达/红外成像测量输出时间同步校准算法;根据雷达和红外成像测量输出的目标冗余信息对各自测量噪声方差进行在线实时估计,提出了一种具有自适应修正能力的卡尔曼滤波算法;采用神经网络—模糊推理方法设计了具有自主判别能力的测量信息有效性判别系统,提出了基于测量信息置信度的加权融合算法。通过仿真验证了该方案的有效性。     

结构主导目标检测中的纹理随机化

已有基于卷积神经网络的目标检测算法倾向于提取目标纹理特征,而非结构特征;因此,已有方法不能实现变纹理目标的可靠检测.针对此问题,提出基于纹理随机化的结构主导 目标检测方法,采用仿真纹理随机化方法减弱网络模型对纹理特征的拟合,实现基于结构特征的变纹理目标可靠检测.利用目标的三维模型,借助Blender渲染引擎,完成纹理随...     

侦察机通过数据链向潜艇传递目标指示的方法探讨

为了使侦察机能更及时、准确、可靠地为潜艇提供目标指示,使之进行导弹超视距攻击,介绍了与潜艇通信有关的地-舰(潜)/空数据链、舰(潜)-舰(潜)数据链及舰(潜)-空数据链。然后探讨了侦察机通过数据链向潜艇传递目标指示的方法,重点研究了潜艇可以实时接收数据链信息和不能实时接收数据链信息的情况下的直接指示法,及侦察机通过岸上指挥所、海上联合编队指挥所中转信息的中转指示法。     

通用作战态势图的构成与实现方法

通用作战态势图根据来自兵力级的多源信息,处理、显示目标航迹、身份、任务、地理信息等,形成战场态势综合显示,支持指挥员的战术态势分析、战术决策等任务,改善指挥员的态势感知能力,提高信息处理能力和速度,减轻压力和减少失误。面向态势感知的通用战术态势图(COP)的认知设计体系,描述了形成COP的数据来源及相应的数据关联和态势感知可视化的软件结构,并对COP中的战术目标群分类和目标数据采用模糊处理的方法,对COP工程化实现具有一定的借鉴意义。     

嵌入式操作系统多策略调度模型

分析了目前嵌入式操作系统调度策略的现状,指出了传统调度方法的不足之处,给出了多策略调度模型,该模型根据进程的属性参数决定采用哪种调度算法。多策略调度模型采用两级调度方案,即在原传统调度方法的基础上增加一级调度。一级调度确定多个调度算法的优先顺序;二级调度确定同一种调度算法中,的进程优先顺序。该模型使进程调度更加灵活和高效,应用范围更广。     

教育阻断深度贫困地区贫困代际传递的作用分析——基于新疆八个地区的实证研究

教育既是阻断贫困代际传递的治本之策,亦是脱贫可持续发展的内生动力。本研究基于新疆八个地区的实地调研数据,运用转换矩阵分析法和对数线性回归模型呈现了贫困代际传递与教育代际流动的现状,进而分析各级教育阻断贫困代际传递的作用,结果表明,贫困结构由绝对贫困向相对贫困改善;贫困子代受教育程度低,教育向上代际流动性较弱;教育具有阻断贫困代际传递的作用,中学教育阶段最为显著。教育扶贫应精准识别扶贫对象,增强受教育意愿,促进教育代际流动;差异分配教育经费,分学段扶贫;培养与引进并举,加强师资建设。     

混合指数分布模型的Bayes分析

针对截尾试验数据的情况,给出了二元混合指数分布模型的平均寿命和可靠性函数的严格的Ｂａｙｅｓ点估计,并运用最大熵准则给出了可靠性函数的近似的Ｂａｙｅｓ置信下限估计。