Clustered coverage orienteering problem of unmanned surface vehicles for water sampling

This study investigates a clustered coverage orienteering problem (CCOP), which is a generalization of the classical orienteering problem. The problem is widely motivated by the emerging unmanned techniques (eg, unmanned surface vehicles and drones) applied to environmental monitoring. Specifically, the unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) are used to monitor reservoir water quality by collecting samples. In the CCOP, the water sampling sites (ie, the nodes) are grouped into clusters, and a minimum number of nodes must be visited in each cluster. With each node representing a certain coverage area of the water, the objective of the CCOP is to monitor as much as possible the total coverage area in one tour of the USV, considering that overlapping areas provide no additional information. An integer programming model is first formulated through a linearization procedure that captures the overlapping feature. A two-stage exact algorithm is proposed to obtain an optimal solution to the problem. The efficiency and effectiveness of the two-stage exact algorithm are demonstrated through experiments on randomly generated instances. The algorithm can effectively solve instances with up to 60 sampling sites.     

Exact analysis of (R,s, S) inventory control systems with lost sales and zero lead time

We study an (R, s, S) inventory control policy with stochastic demand, lost sales, zero lead‐time and a target service level to be satisfied. The system is modeled as a discrete time Markov chain for which we present a novel approach to derive exact closed‐form solutions for the limiting distribution of the on‐hand inventory level at the end of a review period, given the reorder level (s) and order‐up‐to level (S). We then establish a relationship between the limiting distributions for adjacent values of the reorder point that is used in an efficient recursive algorithm to determine the optimal parameter values of the (R, s, S) replenishment policy. The algorithm is easy to implement and entails less effort than solving the steady‐state equations for the corresponding Markov model. Point‐of‐use hospital inventory systems share the essential characteristics of the inventory system we model, and a case study using real data from such a system shows that with our approach, optimal policies with significant savings in inventory management effort are easily obtained for a large family of items.     

卫星移动通信信道模型及仿真

对移动卫星通信的三种典型信道进行了完整的理论分析.通信信号在不同的信道参数条件下,经过瑞利(Rayleingh)信道、莱斯(Rician)信道和阻挡效应下的莱斯信道(Rician/Lognormal)进行了计算机仿真,得到了仿真结果.经分析比较发现,信道参数不同,得到的误码率曲线不同.信道的性能主要取决于信道参数,各种因素的影响可以归结到这些参数的影响,理论分析和仿真实验结果一致.     

防空通信系统效能评估

防空通信系统是保障防空指挥和控制有效性的重要手段,其效能的好坏将直接影响到作战结果.在分析效能评估方法的基础上,根据防空通信系统的特点,建立了防空通信系统综合评估指标体系.对防空通信系统的效能评估过程进行了描述,给出了效能评估模型和评估方法,并进行了实例分析.对全面而科学地评价防空通信系统的效能具有较强的实用性.     

基于TOPSIS算法的防空通信网络系统效能评估

简要分析了防空通信网络系统的主要任务,建立了防空通信网络系统的效能评估指标体系。提出了利用TOPSIS算法进行防空通信网络效能评估的方法,可根据影响通信网络系统效能的指标及权重,对不同组网方式下的防空通信网络系统效能进行评估。示例表明,利用TOPSIS算法可对防空通信网络效能进行评估排序,能够为指挥员的决策规划提供参考。     

对流层散射下MPLS重路由信号去噪研究

针对对流层散射信道MPLS重路由信号数据含有噪声的问题,分析了Facility重路由原理和MPLS标签转发过程,引入小波阈值去噪算法对含噪声标签信号数据进行处理。利用一种随分解层数变化的阈值和折中阈值函数规则,来解决传统算法中的阈值确定和阈值函数选取存在的问题,针对折中阈值函数规则中参数a的确定问题,利用模拟数据,以信噪比(SNR)为目标函数,采用定步长变a形式,从而得到去噪效果最好时对应的a值,并用实测数据加以验证。仿真结果表明,改进后的算法在信噪比上有1.5 d B~3.4 d B的提高,均方差(RMSE)下降约0.01~0.03,为路由修复信号的去噪提供一种可行的方案。     

多约束下的高超声速飞行器三维非线性自适应末制导律

面向多约束下高超声速飞行器末制导过程中的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,设计一种适于高超声速飞行器的三维非线性自适应末制导律。为了模型描述的完整性和简洁性,引入视线旋量和旋量速度的概念,并基于此建立三维制导参考模型和实际系统的表达式;为了保证制导律的鲁棒性和自适应性,基于自适应控制理论,设计一种三维非线性自适应制导律;通过数学推导证明了该制导律的稳定性。该制导律能够从理论上克服高超声速飞行器末制导面临的通道耦合、参数扰动、模型失配等突出问题,满足多约束制导要求。仿真结果验证了所设计制导律的有效性。     

星间激光通信系统粗精复合扫瞄技术研究

星间激光通信系统主要分为捕获,瞄准,跟踪(APT)技术,其中捕获技术是星间激光通信系统实现通信的前提和保障,本文通过对传统凝视-扫描模式下信标光的粗瞄捕获原理,关键技术和工程应用等内容进行了详细的研究,提出了一种粗瞄与精瞄相互结合的螺旋-正弦复合扫描的方法,对该方法扫描过程中的数值分析表明,相比传统的单一粗瞄扫描方式,粗精复合扫描方法的扫描漏扫区域比单一粗扫描漏扫区域小,捕获概率更高,捕获时间短,为星间激光通信扫描捕获过程提供了一种新的扫描方式,具有重要的意义。     

含轴间距误差的消隙齿轮刚柔耦合动力学仿真

轴间距误差对消隙齿轮精度和性能有重要影响,但其机理和规律并不清楚。基于接触碰撞力约束关系建立齿轮接触动力学模型,进一步利用ADAMS/Flex建立单级消隙齿轮传动系统的刚柔耦合模型,通过刚柔耦合动力学仿真研究消隙齿轮传动在不同轴间距制造误差条件下的振动及频率特性。研究发现:随着轴间距的减小,扭簧的平均力矩增大,齿轮齿面间的啮合力矩以及摩擦力矩也将增大,从而阻碍扭矩的正常传递,并导致固定齿轮转速幅值降低;随着轴间距的增大,固定齿轮主谐振频率整体上降低,而且在轴间距稍大于标准中心距时降低很快。这一发现可指导消隙齿轮传动的设计和装配。     

金属泡沫断裂韧性的试验研究

金属泡沫在其实际应用中,断裂性能和断裂韧性对于承载的多孔金属泡沫有着重要的意义。基于美国试验材料学会相关标准,采用三点弯曲试样测定了铝泡沫的I型断裂韧性。研究表明,金属泡沫的断裂为脆性断裂,在裂纹尖端附近,孔壁最薄弱的区域最容易发生变形;随着进一步加载,一些孔壁发生断裂,微裂纹在断裂尖端附近出现。随着载荷的增加,主裂纹在缺口根部形成或由微裂纹合并而成,并开始在多孔结构内传播。裂纹沿着结构最薄弱处传播,并产生次生裂纹和裂纹桥。裂纹总的扩展方式还是I型断裂。根据试验P-V曲线特点,取最大载荷点对应的力与位移求解出铝泡沫的裂纹尖端临界张开位移的平均值为0.051 mm。