关于进一步加强学院科研工作的思考

通过到八所军队院校的科研工作调研,总结了他们科研管理的成功经验,简要分析了我院科研工作存在的问题,对进一步加强学院科研工作进行了理性思考,提出了科研工作机制创新的设想。     

水雷气动不平衡式发射轴向受力优化分析

基于水雷气动不平衡式发射内弹道数学模型,建立了轴向受力和出管速度的泛函表达式,以基本可行解为基准,对可行解区间进行了仿真计算,通过将轴向受力和出管速度函数在基本可行解处一阶泰勒展开,并采用分段函数表示可行解各分量的变化律,从而将非线性问题转化为线性规划问题,运用单纯形法进行优化求解,得到了最优发射条件.     

大口径顶置火炮输弹机动力学研究

为解决大口径顶置火炮弹药自动装填系统的关键技术问题,提出了大口径顶置火炮输弹机各工作阶段的力学模型和动力学方程,并通过输弹速度与时间的计算分析,得到了3种输弹方式的输弹速度与时间关系曲线,其结果对大口径顶置火炮供输弹系统的研究具有较大参考价值。     

Fracture mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut by circumferential detonation collision

The failure mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut into fragments by circumferential detonation collision was experimentally and numerically investigated. A self-designed detonation wave regulator was used to control the detonation and cut the shell. It was found that the self-designed regulator controlled the fragment shape. The macrostructure and micro-characteristics of fragments revealed that shear fracture was a prior mechanism, the shell fractured not only at the position of detonation collision, but the crack also penetrated the shell at the first contact position of the Chapmen-Jouguet (C-J) wave. The effects of groove number and outer layer thickness on the fracture behavior were tested by simulations. When the thickness of the outer layer was 5–18 mm, it has little effect on fragmentation of the shell, and shells all fractured at similar positions. The increase of the groove number reduced the fracture possibility of the first contact position of the C-J wave. When the groove number reached 7 with a 10 mm outer layer (1/4 model), the fracture only occurred at the position of detonation collision and the fragment width rebounded.     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.     

基于SWOT分析的军队审计容错免责机制完善路径研究

军队审计容错免责机制是在审计权限范围内对符合容错免责情形的事由减轻或免于问责并及时纠正的稳定工作机制,是审计问责态势下应对“为官不为”问题的合理路径。本文基于SWOT法分析认为,当前审计环境下建立军队审计容错免责机制的优势在于独立的经济监督地位、专业的经济监督力量和广泛的经济监督对象,劣势在于单一的认定主体、缺失的法律规范和匮乏的免责素质,机遇在于利好政策的出台、国家审计的实践经验和军队审计的职能定位,威胁在于制度规范笼统、审计风险扩大和资源矛盾加剧。在此基础上,本研究基于W-T（劣势-威胁）的战略选择,提出完善军队审计容错免责机制的现实路径,即：明确机制定位,科学界定边界;完善制度规范,形成法律依据;完备容错清单,转变审计模式;优化容错环境,降低容错风险。     

基于矩阵乘法的高速卫星成形滤波器的FPGA实现

根据高速8PSK卫星调制器的要求,针对数字化基带成形滤波的信号处理特点,文中提出一种基于矩阵乘法的高速卫星成形滤波器设计方法及基于查找表的硬件实现方案。该方法将成形滤波直接抽象为矩阵乘法的运算,将多个卷积相乘项相加后再量化,减少了量化次数,提高了量化信噪比。用片内的BLOCK-RAM精心设计查找表,在8万门的芯片VIRTEX2-80中就能实现此方案。MODELSIM的时序仿真结果表明,可支持高达200Mbps的输入数据,满足卫星通信高速成形的要求,并针对未来更高速率的成形滤波器给出了一种通用硬件实现方法。     

潜艇自航模水下长波遥控系统

提出了利用无线长波对水下潜艇自航模进行长波遥控的通信技术,阐述了长波遥控的发射、接收及天线系统的硬件组成和系统设计。对发射天线的现场测试结果进行了分析,提出了实际电路的阻抗匹配实现方法;对接收信号的噪声和灵敏度等有关问题进行了分析,采用天线的方向性自适应控制技术解决了潜艇水下接收,在实际应用中取得较好的效果。     

基于ICECAP的消耗型短波通信浮标选频

采用ICECAP高频传输预测软件对指定海区消耗型短波通信浮标与岸基多台站之间的通信电路进行仿真分析,计算了最高可用频率、信噪比和浮标鞭状天线的场强分布。分析了天线的场强覆盖,计算出场强中值大于接收机灵敏度的台站个数。在满足信噪比要求及频率低于MUF的条件下,选择可通信台站多的频率作为长期可用工作频率。该方法给短波通信的选频提供了一个更加直观的途径。     

超低频通信抗干扰性能分析

在分析和研究外军超低频通信系统基础上,针对超低频通信系统性能特点,结合现代无线通信干扰基本模式,分析了超低频通信系统优良的抗干扰性能。研究表明,超低频通信系统具有极强的抗干涉能力。